Immune System: Medical Terminology for Healthcare Management

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a type of immunity?

Accepted Answer

Artificial immunity

Answer

Innate immunity

Answer

Adaptive immunity

Answer

Passive immunity

Question 2

Which component of the immune system produces antibodies?

Accepted Answer

Plasma cells

Answer

Bone marrow

Answer

Lymph nodes

Answer

Spleen

Question 3

What is the process by which the immune system 'remembers' a specific pathogen?

Accepted Answer

Immunological memory

Answer

Antigen presentation

Answer

Inflammation

Answer

Phagocytosis

Question 4

What is the thymus gland primarily responsible for?

Accepted Answer

Producing T cells

Answer

Storing antibodies

Answer

Filtering pathogens

Answer

Regulating immune responses

Question 5

Explain the fundamental distinction between antigens and antibodies.

Accepted Answer

Antigens are foreign substances that trigger an immune response, while antibodies are proteins produced by the body to neutralize them

Answer

Antibodies are foreign substances that trigger an immune response, while antigens are proteins produced by the body to neutralize them

Answer

Antigens and antibodies are essentially the same thing, with no significant difference

Answer

Antigens are produced by the body, while antibodies are foreign substances

Question 6

Identify the cell type that is NOT part of the immune system:

Accepted Answer

Red blood cell

Answer

T cell

Answer

B cell

Answer

Macrophage

Question 7

Which role does the lymphatic system primarily play in immunity?

Accepted Answer

Filtering and eliminating foreign particles

Answer

Generating antibodies

Answer

Transporting oxygen

Answer

Regulating body temperature

Question 8

Adaptive immunity is primarily geared towards which type of response?

Accepted Answer

Specific defense against particular antigens

Answer

General, non-specific defense

Answer

Humoral response involving antibodies

Answer

Cell-mediated response involving T cells

Question 9

Which of the following is an example of an antibody type?

Accepted Answer

Immunoglobulin G (IgG)

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Hemoglobin

Answer

Platelets

Question 10

An autoimmune disease typically arises from:

Accepted Answer

Overreaction of the immune system

Answer

Weakened immune system response

Answer

Allergic reaction to foreign substances

Answer

Bacterial infection

Question 11

Which medical term describes the formation of antibodies by B cells?

Accepted Answer

Antibody production

Answer

Opsonization

Answer

Phagocytosis

Answer

Antigen presentation

Question 12

Which immune cell directly targets and eliminates infected cells?

Accepted Answer

Cytotoxic T cell

Answer

Helper T cell

Answer

Suppressor T cell

Answer

Plasma cell

Question 13

Which of these is NOT a common symptom associated with allergic reactions?

Accepted Answer

Raised body temperature

Answer

Sneezing

Answer

Itching

Answer

Anaphylaxis

Question 14

Which of the following is **not** a type of immune cell?

Accepted Answer

Osteoblast

Answer

T-cell

Answer

B-cell

Answer

Macrophage

Question 15

What is the process by which the body produces antibodies specific to a particular pathogen?

Accepted Answer

Clonal selection

Answer

Immunologic memory

Answer

Antigen-antibody reaction

Answer

Phagocytosis

Question 16

What is the primary difference between an antigen and an antibody?

Accepted Answer

An antigen is a foreign substance, while an antibody is a protein produced by the body to attack it.

Answer

An antibody is a foreign substance, while an antigen is a protein produced by the body to attack it.

Answer

They are both proteins produced by the body to attack foreign substances.

Answer

They are both foreign substances that trigger an immune response.

Question 17

What is the main purpose of vaccination?

Accepted Answer

To provide immunity to a specific disease without causing illness

Answer

To treat an existing infection

Answer

To boost the immune system's overall strength

Answer

To prevent allergies

Question 18

Which type of immune response is responsible for protection against immediate threats?

Accepted Answer

Innate immunity

Answer

Adaptive immunity

Answer

Humoral immunity

Answer

Cell-mediated immunity

Question 19

What is the primary function of macrophages in the immune system?

Accepted Answer

To destroy pathogens by phagocytosis

Answer

To produce antibodies

Answer

To activate complement proteins

Answer

To regulate immune responses

Question 20

The primary function of the immune system is to:

Accepted Answer

Defend the body against infection

Answer

Regulate body temperature

Answer

Transport nutrients throughout the body

Answer

Control blood sugar levels

Question 21

Which immune cells are responsible for producing antibodies?

Accepted Answer

B cells

Answer

T cells

Answer

Macrophages

Answer

Neutrophils

Question 22

The protein that binds to antigens, triggering an immune response, is called a(n):

Accepted Answer

Antibody

Answer

Antigen

Answer

Interleukin

Answer

Complement

Question 23

A condition in which the immune system attacks the body's own tissues is known as:

Accepted Answer

Autoimmunity

Answer

Anaphylaxis

Answer

Allergy

Answer

Immunodeficiency

Question 24

The organ primarily responsible for filtering blood and removing pathogens is the:

Accepted Answer

Spleen

Answer

Thymus

Answer

Lymph nodes

Answer

Bone marrow

Question 25

The ability of the immune system to distinguish between self and non-self is known as:

Accepted Answer

Tolerance

Answer

Immunity

Answer

Adaptation

Answer

Resistance

Question 26

How does immunological memory enhance the body's ability to resist diseases?

Accepted Answer

It allows the body to respond quickly and effectively to pathogens it has encountered before.

Answer

It helps the immune system differentiate between the body's own cells and foreign invaders.

Answer

It prevents the development of allergic reactions.

Question 27

In the adaptive immune response, what is the main role of lymphocytes?

Accepted Answer

Produce antibodies to neutralize pathogens

Answer

Engulf bacteria and cellular debris

Answer

Release chemical signals to attract other immune cells

Question 28

Which immune response type results in antibody production?

Accepted Answer

Humoral Immunity

Answer

Innate Immunity

Answer

Cell-Mediated Immunity

Answer

Immunodeficiency

Question 29

What is a key feature of the humoral immune response?

Accepted Answer

Production of antibodies

Answer

Activation of T-cells

Answer

Phagocytosis by macrophages

Question 30

Which type of immunity provides long-lasting, specific protection against pathogens?

Accepted Answer

Adaptive immunity

Answer

Passive immunity

Answer

Innate immunity

Answer

Active immunity

Question 31

Identify the organ responsible for the development and maturation of T lymphocytes, which are crucial for cell-mediated immunity.

Accepted Answer

Thymus

Answer

Lymph node

Answer

Bone marrow

Answer

Spleen

Question 32

What term describes a disorder in which the immune system mistakenly attacks the body's own tissues?

Accepted Answer

Autoimmune disease

Answer

Immunodeficiency

Answer

Allergic reaction

Answer

Sepsis

Question 33

Which type of vaccine induces immunity by exposing the body to a weakened or inactivated form of the pathogen, allowing the immune system to develop memory?

Accepted Answer

Active vaccine

Answer

Conjugate vaccine

Answer

Passive vaccine

Answer

Recombinant vaccine

Question 34

Which process involves antibodies binding to antigens on pathogens, marking them for destruction by phagocytic cells?

Accepted Answer

Opsonization

Answer

Complement activation

Answer

Phagocytosis

Answer

Cytokine release

Question 35

What is the primary function of the complement system in the immune response?

Accepted Answer

To enhance the immune response by lysing pathogens and promoting inflammation

Answer

To activate T lymphocytes

Answer

To produce antibodies

Question 36

Which type of immune response involves the activation of specialized cytotoxic T cells that directly target and kill infected cells?

Accepted Answer

Cell-mediated immunity

Answer

Innate immunity

Answer

Humoral immunity

Answer

Passive immunity

Question 37

Which of the following is NOT a type of white blood cell?

Accepted Answer

Erythrocyte

Answer

Lymphocyte

Answer

Monocyte

Answer

Neutrophil

Question 38

What is the primary function of antibodies?

Accepted Answer

To neutralize and destroy pathogens

Answer

To fight infection directly

Answer

To clot blood

Answer

To transport oxygen

Question 39

Which of the following is a type of immune response?

Accepted Answer

Humoral response

Answer

Skeletal response

Answer

Cardiac response

Answer

Neuromuscular response

Question 40

What is the main role of the spleen in the immune system?

Accepted Answer

To filter blood and remove pathogens

Answer

To produce hormones

Answer

To secrete enzymes

Answer

To store bile

Question 41

Which of the following is a common symptom of an autoimmune disorder?

Accepted Answer

Inflammation

Answer

Bradycardia

Answer

Hypertension

Answer

Cyanosis

Question 42

What is the term for a condition in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own tissues?

Accepted Answer

Autoimmunity

Answer

Anemia

Answer

Atherosclerosis

Answer

Anaphylaxis

Question 43

Which of the following is a type of passive immunity?

Accepted Answer

Receiving antibodies from a donor

Answer

Getting a vaccination

Answer

Having chickenpox as a child

Answer

Taking antibiotics

Question 44

What is the thymus's role in the immune system?

Accepted Answer

To mature T cells

Answer

To store blood cells

Answer

To phagocytize bacteria

Answer

To produce antibodies

Question 45

Which of the following is a type of hypersensitivity reaction?

Accepted Answer

Anaphylaxis

Answer

Hemophilia

Answer

Thrombocytopenia

Answer

Leukemia

Question 46

What is the term for a decrease in the number of white blood cells?

Accepted Answer

Leukopenia

Answer

Thrombocytosis

Answer

Erythrocytosis

Question 47

**The primary function of the immune system is to:**

Accepted Answer

Defend against infection

Answer

Maintain balance in the body's internal environment

Answer

Control body temperature

Answer

Digest food

Question 48

**Which type of cell produces antibodies that recognize and bind to specific pathogens?**

Accepted Answer

B lymphocytes

Answer

Neutrophils

Answer

T lymphocytes

Answer

Macrophages

Question 49

**An example of an innate immune response is:**

Accepted Answer

Inflammation

Answer

Cell-mediated immunity

Answer

Antibody production

Question 50

**The purpose of a vaccine is to:**

Accepted Answer

Stimulate an adaptive immune response against a specific pathogen

Answer

Provide temporary immunity against all pathogens

Answer

Cure an active infection

Question 51

**A major risk factor for developing an autoimmune disorder is:**

Accepted Answer

Genetic predisposition

Answer

Exposure to environmental toxins

Answer

Extreme stress

Answer

Poor nutrition

Question 52

**The condition in which the immune system attacks the body's own tissues is known as:**

Accepted Answer

Autoimmunity

Answer

Allergy

Answer

Immunodeficiency

Answer

Inflammation

Question 53

**Hives is a symptom of which type of immune response?**

Accepted Answer

Allergic reaction

Answer

Immunodeficiency response

Answer

Inflammatory response

Answer

Autoimmune response

Question 54

**The first line of defense in the immune system is provided by:**

Accepted Answer

Skin and mucous membranes

Answer

Antibodies

Answer

Complement system

Answer

White blood cells

Question 55

**The primary function of the thymus gland is to facilitate the:**

Accepted Answer

Maturation of T lymphocytes

Answer

Production of antibodies

Answer

Storage of white blood cells