Pharmacology of the Endocrine System: Online Learning Quizzes

Question 1

Which adrenal disorder is treated with prednisone?

Accepted Answer

Addison's disease

Answer

Cushing's syndrome

Answer

Diabetes mellitus

Answer

Thyroid storm

Question 2

A patient presents with excessive thirst and urination. Which of the following medications, a synthetic analog of vasopressin, would be most appropriate to prescribe for this patient?

Accepted Answer

Desmopressin

Answer

Oxytocin

Answer

Somatropin

Answer

Leuprolide

Question 3

In labor management, which medication is a synthetic form of oxytocin commonly used to induce or strengthen contractions?

Accepted Answer

Pitocin (oxytocin)

Answer

Demerol (meperidine)

Answer

Prostin (dinoprostone)

Answer

Cytotec (misoprostol)

Question 4

Which synthetic glucocorticoid is used to treat rheumatoid arthritis and asthma?

Accepted Answer

Prednisone

Answer

Cortisone

Answer

Aldosterone

Answer

Testosterone

Question 5

In the treatment of diabetes mellitus, which medication is administered when the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Answer

Glipizide

Answer

Metformin

Answer

Tolbutamide

Question 6

Which hormone regulates blood glucose levels and is produced by the pancreas?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Answer

Cortisol

Answer

Epinephrine

Answer

Thyroxine

Question 7

Which synthetic glucocorticoid is used to treat inflammation and allergic reactions?

Accepted Answer

Prednisone

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Levothyroxine

Answer

Somatropin

Question 8

Which synthetic glucocorticoid is commonly used to treat inflammatory conditions?

Accepted Answer

Prednisone

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Levothyroxine

Answer

Growth hormone

Question 9

Which adverse effect is associated with synthetic glucocorticoid administration?

Accepted Answer

Muscle weakness

Answer

Increased insulin secretion

Answer

Weight loss

Answer

Hypoglycemia

Question 10

Which drug is the first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes?

Accepted Answer

Metformin

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Glyburide

Answer

Glipizide

Question 11

Which synthetic glucocorticoid is used to treat inflammatory conditions and immunosuppress disorders?

Accepted Answer

Prednisone

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Levothyroxine

Answer

Growth hormone

Question 12

A patient with type 2 diabetes is prescribed metformin, an oral medication used to lower blood sugar. Which of the following is a potential adverse effect that the nurse should monitor for?

Accepted Answer

Lactic acidosis

Accepted Answer

Nausea and vomiting

Answer

Hypoglycemia

Answer

Tachycardia

Question 13

Which of the following is a sulfonylurea medication used to treat Type 2 diabetes by increasing insulin secretion?

Accepted Answer

Glyburide

Answer

Metformin

Answer

Pioglitazone

Answer

Exenatide

Question 14

For patients with type 2 diabetes, which medication is the preferred choice?

Accepted Answer

Metformin

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Glipizide

Answer

Lisinopril

Question 15

Which drug is primarily used to treat type 2 diabetes by increasing the body's response to insulin?

Accepted Answer

Metformin

Answer

Glibenclamide

Answer

Acarbose

Answer

Exenatide

Question 16

In the treatment of type II diabetes, which class of drugs is commonly prescribed as the initial line of therapy?

Accepted Answer

Biguanides

Answer

Sulfonylureas

Answer

Thiazolidinediones

Answer

Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors

Question 17

How does growth hormone primarily exert its physiological effects?

Accepted Answer

By stimulating the release of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) from the liver

Answer

By directly binding to receptors in the cytoplasm of cells and triggering gene transcription

Answer

By inhibiting the secretion of prolactin from the anterior pituitary gland

Question 18

In the treatment of type 1 diabetes, which medication is used to replace the body's own insulin?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Answer

Metformin

Answer

Glipizide

Answer

Glucagon

Question 19

What condition is a contraindication to levothyroxine use?

Accepted Answer

Untreated thyrotoxicosis

Answer

Pregnancy

Answer

Adrenal insufficiency

Answer

Heart disease

Question 20

Which adverse effect is associated with prolonged glucocorticoid therapy?

Accepted Answer

Cushing's syndrome

Answer

Addison's disease

Answer

Hyperthyroidism

Answer

Hypothyroidism

Question 21

Which drug is a synthetic version of human growth hormone (hGH) used to treat growth hormone deficiency?

Accepted Answer

Somatropin

Answer

Goserelin

Answer

Levothyroxine

Answer

Insulin

Question 22

In the management of type 1 diabetes, which drug is primarily used as a replacement therapy?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Answer

Metformin

Answer

Thiazolidinediones

Answer

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists

Question 23

Which of the following accurately describes the use of growth hormone therapy?

Accepted Answer

Growth hormone is used to treat growth hormone deficiency and other conditions that result in short stature.

Answer

Growth hormone is only effective in children and has no effect on adults.

Answer

Growth hormone therapy is associated with serious side effects, including cancer and diabetes.

Question 24

Which of the following is **NOT** an appropriate use of growth hormone therapy?

Accepted Answer

Obesity

Answer

Growth hormone deficiency in children

Answer

Turner syndrome

Answer

HIV-associated wasting

Question 25

Which of the following medications is a GLP-1 agonist commonly used to treat type 2 diabetes?

Accepted Answer

Exenatide, a GLP-1 agonist

Answer

Metformin, a biguanide

Answer

Levothyroxine, a thyroid hormone replacement

Question 26

Which synthetic glucocorticoid is used to treat conditions like asthma, allergies, and inflammatory bowel disease?

Accepted Answer

Prednisone

Answer

Levothyroxine

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Growth hormone

Question 27

Which mechanism of action is **not** associated with growth hormone?

Accepted Answer

Reduction of blood glucose levels

Answer

Stimulation of insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) release

Answer

Promotion of cell growth and differentiation

Answer

Enhancement of protein synthesis and reduction of protein degradation

Question 28

In hormone replacement therapy (HRT) for postmenopausal women, which drug is a synthetic estrogen?

Accepted Answer

Estradiol

Answer

Clomiphene

Answer

Levonorgestrel

Answer

Testosterone

Question 29

In the management of Addison's disease, which synthetic glucocorticoid is commonly utilized?

Accepted Answer

Hydrocortisone

Answer

Prednisone

Answer

Dexamethasone

Question 30

Which dopamine agonist is effective in lowering prolactin levels in the treatment of a prolactinoma?

Accepted Answer

Bromocriptine

Answer

Leuprolide

Answer

Metformin

Question 31

Which hormone is used to treat type 1 diabetes by replacing the insulin that the body cannot produce?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Answer

Metformin

Answer

Glipizide

Answer

Lantus

Question 32

Which endocrine disorder is treated with propylthiouracil, an antithyroid drug?

Accepted Answer

Hyperthyroidism

Answer

Hypothyroidism

Answer

Type 2 diabetes

Answer

Growth hormone deficiency

Question 33

Which type of oral contraceptive primarily stops ovulation by lowering the mid-cycle surge of luteinizing hormone (LH)?

Accepted Answer

Combined oral contraceptives

Answer

Progestin-only pills

Answer

Emergency contraceptive pills

Question 34

Classify the following drugs into their respective major classes: insulin, metformin, levothyroxine, and growth hormone.

Accepted Answer

Antidiabetic drugs: insulin, metformin

Accepted Answer

Thyroid hormones: levothyroxine

Accepted Answer

Growth hormones: growth hormone

Question 35

Which of the following is a contraindication to levothyroxine use?

Accepted Answer

Hyperthyroidism

Answer

Hypothyroidism

Answer

Pregnancy

Answer

Adrenal insufficiency

Question 36

Methimazole, an antithyroid drug, primarily inhibits which process?

Accepted Answer

Thyroid hormone synthesis

Answer

Thyroid hormone release

Answer

Thyroid hormone metabolism

Answer

Thyroid hormone transport

Question 37

Which of the following drugs is primarily used to treat type 1 diabetes?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Answer

Metformin

Answer

Glimepiride

Answer

Pramlintide

Question 38

For a patient newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, which teaching method would be most effective in helping them comprehend their condition and treatment plan?

Accepted Answer

Conducting an individualized teaching session with visual aids and opportunities for questions

Answer

Distributing a written pamphlet on diabetes management

Answer

Presenting a video on diabetes

Question 39

Match the following drugs with their primary therapeutic effects:

Accepted Answer

Antidiabetic drugs: insulin, metformin

Accepted Answer

Thyroid hormone replacement: levothyroxine

Accepted Answer

Growth hormone replacement: growth hormone

Question 40

What is the primary reason for using propylthiouracil (PTU)?

Accepted Answer

Treating Graves' disease

Answer

Treating hypothyroidism

Answer

Treating thyroid cancer

Answer

Preventing miscarriage in pregnant women with thyroid disorders

Question 41

Which of the following is NOT a function of growth hormone?

Accepted Answer

Inhibits insulin release

Answer

Stimulates protein synthesis

Answer

Promotes lipolysis

Answer

Increases bone density

Question 42

In the treatment of Type 1 diabetes, which drug is employed?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Answer

Metformin

Answer

Thyroxine

Question 43

Which medication is primarily used to treat type 2 diabetes?

Accepted Answer

Metformin

Answer

Levothyroxine

Answer

Somatropin

Answer

Insulin

Question 44

A patient with Cushing's syndrome is prescribed ketoconazole. Which of the following is the primary mechanism of action of this medication?

Accepted Answer

Inhibits cortisol secretion

Answer

Blocks cortisol receptors

Answer

Stimulates ACTH release

Answer

Enhances cortisol elimination

Question 45

Which of the following hormone replacement therapies is used to treat hypothyroidism?

Accepted Answer

Thyroid hormone replacement

Answer

Cortisol replacement

Answer

Estrogen replacement

Answer

Testosterone replacement

Question 46

Which of the following is a classification of antithyroid medications?

Accepted Answer

Thionamides

Answer

Iodides

Answer

Sympatholytics

Answer

Beta-blockers

Question 47

A patient with type 1 diabetes is prescribed insulin glargine. Which of the following is a characteristic of this medication?

Accepted Answer

Long-acting

Answer

Short-acting

Answer

Intermediate-acting

Answer

Rapid-acting

Question 48

Which synthetic glucocorticoid is commonly used to treat asthma and inflammatory bowel disease?

Accepted Answer

Prednisone

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Levothyroxine

Answer

Growth hormone

Question 49

An indication for thyroid hormone replacement therapy is:

Accepted Answer

Hypothyroidism

Answer

Hyperthyroidism

Answer

Cushing's syndrome

Question 50

An oral antidiabetic medication in the sulfonylurea class is:

Accepted Answer

Glipizide

Answer

Metformin

Answer

Pioglitazone

Question 51

An adverse effect associated with thiazolidinediones is:

Accepted Answer

Edema

Answer

Hypoglycemia

Answer

Hyperkalemia

Question 52

In treating prolactinomas, dopamine agonists:

Accepted Answer

Inhibit prolactin secretion

Answer

Stimulate prolactin secretion

Answer

Decrease tumor growth

Question 53

A contraindication for glucocorticoids is:

Accepted Answer

Active, untreated infection

Answer

Severe asthma

Answer

Diabetes

Question 54

When administering parathyroid hormone for hypoparathyroidism, a nursing consideration is to:

Accepted Answer

Monitor serum calcium levels

Answer

Administer intramuscularly

Answer

Avoid giving with meals

Question 55

Which antithyroid medication is used to treat Grave's disease?

Accepted Answer

Propylthiouracil

Answer

Levothyroxine

Answer

Metformin

Answer

Insulin

Question 56

Which of the following is NOT a mechanism of action of insulin?

Accepted Answer

Increases protein synthesis

Answer

Facilitates glucose uptake into skeletal muscle and adipose tissue

Answer

Inhibits hepatic glucose production

Answer

Stimulates glycogen synthesis

Question 57

Which of the following is an indication for metformin use?

Accepted Answer

Type 2 diabetes, particularly in overweight or obese patients

Answer

Type 1 diabetes

Answer

Gestational diabetes

Answer

Cushing's syndrome

Question 58

What is the primary mechanism of action of octreotide in acromegaly?

Accepted Answer

Inhibits growth hormone release from the pituitary gland

Answer

Stimulates prolactin release

Answer

Blocks adrenal hormone synthesis

Answer

Increases insulin sensitivity

Question 59

Which of the following drugs can cause paradoxical hyperglycemia in patients with diabetes?

Accepted Answer

Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors

Answer

Glipizide

Answer

Insulin

Question 60

What is the therapeutic effect of desmopressin in diabetes insipidus?

Accepted Answer

Increases water reabsorption in the kidneys, reducing urine output

Answer

Decreases urine output

Answer

Promotes insulin release

Answer

Inhibits thyroid hormone synthesis

Question 61

In the treatment of type 1 diabetes, which hormone is primarily utilized?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Answer

Glucagon

Answer

Metformin

Answer

Growth hormone

Question 62

Which of the following is a therapeutic use of growth hormone?

Accepted Answer

Treating growth hormone deficiency in children

Answer

Reversing the signs of aging

Answer

Treating acromegaly

Answer

Treating diabetes

Question 63

In the management of type 1 diabetes, which medication is administered via multiple daily injections to replace missing insulin?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Answer

Metformin

Answer

Sitagliptin

Answer

Glipizide

Question 64

Levothyroxine exerts its therapeutic effect by:

Accepted Answer

Replacing deficient thyroid hormones

Answer

Inhibiting thyroid hormone synthesis

Answer

Stimulating thyroid hormone production

Answer

Blocking thyroid hormone receptors