Nervous System Disorders: Types, Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a primary symptom of Parkinson's disease?

Accepted Answer

Hypotonia

Answer

Tremors

Answer

Bradykinesia

Answer

Rigidity

Question 2

What is a common symptom of Parkinson's disease?

Accepted Answer

Tremors

Answer

Hallucinations

Answer

Seizures

Answer

Paralysis

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a cardinal symptom of Parkinson's disease?

Accepted Answer

Nystagmus

Answer

Bradykinesia

Answer

Resting tremor

Answer

Rigidity

Question 4

Which type of nervous system disorder is characterized by progressive cognitive decline and memory loss?

Accepted Answer

Neurodegenerative disorder

Answer

Neuromuscular disorder

Answer

Neurovascular disorder

Answer

Neurodevelopmental disorder

Question 5

What is the first-line treatment for an ischemic stroke caused by a blood clot in an artery?

Accepted Answer

Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA)

Answer

Aspirin

Answer

Carotid endarterectomy

Answer

Anticoagulants

Question 6

Which neurotransmitter is primarily affected in Alzheimer's disease?

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine

Answer

Dopamine

Answer

Serotonin

Answer

Glutamate

Question 7

Which of the following is a modifiable risk factor for developing multiple sclerosis?

Accepted Answer

Smoking

Answer

Age

Answer

Family history

Answer

Race

Question 8

Which imaging technique provides detailed cross-sectional images of the brain and is commonly used to diagnose brain tumors?

Accepted Answer

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Answer

Computed tomography (CT) scan

Answer

Electroencephalography (EEG)

Answer

Transcranial Doppler ultrasound

Question 9

What is the typical disease course of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)?

Accepted Answer

Progressive loss of motor function leading to paralysis

Answer

Eventual recovery with early intervention

Answer

Periods of symptom remission and exacerbation

Answer

Sudden onset of symptoms with rapid recovery

Question 10

Which of the following medications is used to prevent seizures?

Accepted Answer

Phenytoin

Answer

Warfarin

Answer

Metformin

Answer

Lipitor

Question 11

Which treatment method for nervous system disorders involves using medications to reduce symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Pharmacological treatment

Answer

Physical therapy

Answer

Surgery

Question 12

How do nervous system disorders profoundly impact individuals' health and well-being?

Accepted Answer

Impairments in thinking and physical abilities

Accepted Answer

Higher risk of infections, poor nutrition, and other health issues

Answer

Enhanced overall health and well-being

Answer

Minimal impact on daily life and activities

Question 13

What is the predominant symptom of Alzheimer's disease?

Accepted Answer

Progressive memory loss

Answer

Impaired coordination

Answer

Visual disturbances

Answer

Speech difficulties

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT considered a risk factor for stroke?

Accepted Answer

Regular physical activity

Answer

Elevated blood pressure

Answer

Tobacco use

Answer

Diabetes mellitus

Question 15

What is the primary function of the basal ganglia?

Accepted Answer

Regulation of voluntary movement

Answer

Processing of sensory information

Answer

Control of emotions

Answer

Hormone production

Question 16

Which neurotransmitter deficiency is implicated in Parkinson's disease?

Accepted Answer

Dopamine

Answer

Serotonin

Answer

GABA

Answer

Acetylcholine

Question 17

Which of the following is a characteristic symptom of multiple sclerosis?

Accepted Answer

Numbness and tingling sensations

Answer

Cognitive impairment

Answer

Nausea and vomiting

Answer

Chest pain

Question 18

What is the main function of the cerebellum?

Accepted Answer

Coordination and balance control

Answer

Memory storage and retrieval

Answer

Language processing and comprehension

Answer

Regulation of emotions and behavior

Question 19

Which diagnostic tool is commonly used to assess cognitive function in patients suspected of dementia?

Accepted Answer

Mini-Mental State Examination

Answer

Electroencephalography

Answer

X-ray imaging

Answer

Blood analysis

Question 20

What is the primary goal of rehabilitation for individuals with nervous system disorders?

Accepted Answer

Restoration of function and improvement of quality of life

Answer

Prevention of further neurological damage

Answer

Elimination of the underlying neurological cause

Answer

Administration of medications to manage symptoms

Question 21

Which neurotransmitter deficiency is most closely associated with Parkinson's disease?

Accepted Answer

Dopamine

Answer

Acetylcholine

Answer

Serotonin

Answer

Norepinephrine

Question 22

Which of the following is NOT considered a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease?

Accepted Answer

Regular physical activity

Answer

Advanced age

Answer

Family history

Answer

Female gender

Question 23

For diagnosing multiple sclerosis, which imaging technique is most commonly employed?

Accepted Answer

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Answer

Electroencephalography (EEG)

Answer

Computed tomography (CT)

Answer

Positron emission tomography (PET)

Question 24

Which symptom is frequently observed in patients who have suffered a stroke?

Accepted Answer

Paralysis affecting one side of the body

Answer

Sudden onset of severe headache

Answer

Loss of consciousness

Answer

Blurred vision

Question 25

In the nervous system, which type of nerve cell transmits signals from sensory receptors to the brain?

Accepted Answer

Sensory neuron

Answer

Motor neuron

Answer

Interneuron

Answer

Glial cell

Question 26

Which protective membrane system surrounds and provides nourishment to the brain and spinal cord?

Accepted Answer

Meninges

Answer

Dura mater

Answer

Arachnoid

Answer

Pia mater

Question 27

In the nervous system, which neuron type primarily inhibits the activity of other neurons?

Accepted Answer

Inhibitory neuron

Answer

Excitatory neuron

Answer

Sensory neuron

Answer

Motor neuron

Question 28

What is the main purpose of the blood-brain barrier?

Accepted Answer

Protect the brain from potentially harmful substances

Answer

Maintain stable chemical conditions in the brain

Answer

Facilitate the exchange of certain molecules between the brain and blood

Answer

Regulate cerebral blood flow

Question 29

Which of the following is a common cause of traumatic brain injury?

Accepted Answer

Direct impact to the head

Answer

Stroke

Answer

Brain tumor

Answer

Multiple sclerosis

Question 30

The primary symptom of Guillain-Barré syndrome is:

Accepted Answer

Progressive muscle weakness, often beginning in the lower limbs

Answer

Numbness and tingling in the extremities

Answer

Loss of coordination

Answer

Difficulty breathing

Question 31

Which imaging technique provides detailed cross-sectional images of the brain and spinal cord?

Accepted Answer

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Answer

Computed tomography (CT)

Answer

Electroencephalography (EEG)

Answer

Positron emission tomography (PET)

Question 32

The initial treatment of choice for acute ischemic stroke is:

Accepted Answer

Thrombolysis (clot-busting medication)

Answer

Antiplatelet therapy

Answer

Surgery

Answer

Rehabilitation

Question 33

Which of the following is NOT a neurodegenerative disorder?

Accepted Answer

Multiple sclerosis

Answer

Alzheimer's disease

Answer

Parkinson's disease

Answer

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Question 34

Which part of the neuron is responsible for transmitting signals away from the cell body?

Accepted Answer

Axon

Answer

Dendrite

Answer

Cell body

Answer

Synapse

Question 35

What is the primary function of the meninges?

Accepted Answer

To protect the brain and spinal cord from physical damage

Answer

To produce cerebrospinal fluid

Answer

To transmit sensory information to the brain

Answer

To regulate blood flow to the brain

Question 36

Which type of epilepsy is characterized by brief episodes of impaired awareness and staring?

Accepted Answer

Absence seizures

Answer

Focal seizures

Answer

Generalized seizures

Answer

Tonic-clonic seizures

Question 37

What is the main function of the autonomic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

To regulate involuntary bodily functions such as heart rate and digestion

Answer

To receive sensory information from the body

Answer

To control voluntary movements

Answer

To process cognitive information

Question 38

Which of the following is NOT typically a symptom of Alzheimer's disease?

Accepted Answer

Increased appetite and weight gain

Answer

Progressive memory loss

Answer

Difficulty with language and communication

Answer

Disorientation and confusion

Question 39

Which part of a neuron transmits electrical signals to other neurons?

Accepted Answer

Axon

Answer

Dendrites

Answer

Cell body

Answer

Synapse

Question 40

Which neurotransmitter is primarily responsible for regulating mood and emotions?

Accepted Answer

Serotonin

Answer

Dopamine

Answer

Glutamate

Answer

Acetylcholine

Question 41

What is the underlying cause of multiple sclerosis?

Accepted Answer

An autoimmune disorder affecting the central nervous system

Answer

A viral or bacterial infection

Answer

A genetic mutation

Answer

Exposure to environmental toxins

Question 42

What is the term for the three layers of membranes that protect the brain and spinal cord?

Accepted Answer

Meninges

Answer

Dura mater

Answer

Pia mater

Answer

Arachnoid mater

Question 43

Which type of stroke occurs when a blood clot blocks an artery supplying blood to the brain?

Accepted Answer

Ischemic stroke

Answer

Hemorrhagic stroke

Answer

Transient ischemic attack

Answer

Subarachnoid hemorrhage

Question 44

What is the primary function of the autonomic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Regulates involuntary body functions such as heart rate and digestion

Answer

Processes and interprets sensory information

Answer

Controls voluntary movements

Answer

Manages emotions and mood

Question 45

Which of the following neurodegenerative disorders is characterized by the accumulation of amyloid plaques in the brain?

Accepted Answer

Alzheimer's disease

Answer

Multiple sclerosis

Answer

Huntington's disease

Answer

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)

Question 46

In Parkinson's disease, which neurotransmitter system is primarily affected?

Accepted Answer

Dopaminergic system

Answer

GABAergic system

Answer

Noradrenergic system

Answer

Serotonergic system

Question 47

Which type of stroke occurs when a blood clot blocks an artery supplying blood to the brain?

Accepted Answer

Ischemic stroke

Answer

Subarachnoid hemorrhage

Answer

Hemorrhagic stroke

Answer

Transient ischemic attack (TIA)

Question 48

Which of the following is a characteristic clinical manifestation of multiple sclerosis?

Accepted Answer

Intermittent episodes of neurological dysfunction

Answer

Tremor and rigidity

Answer

Progressive cognitive decline

Question 49

Which potential complication of spinal cord injury involves a severe drop in blood pressure and impaired organ function?

Accepted Answer

Neurogenic shock

Answer

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)

Answer

Pneumonia

Answer

Sepsis

Question 50

Which diagnostic test is considered the gold standard for diagnosing epilepsy?

Accepted Answer

Electroencephalogram (EEG)

Answer

Computed tomography (CT) scan

Answer

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Answer

Lumbar puncture

Question 51

Which class of medications is commonly used as a first-line treatment for anxiety disorders?

Accepted Answer

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)

Answer

Benzodiazepines

Answer

Antipsychotics

Answer

Tricyclic antidepressants

Question 52

Which type of brain tumor originates from the supportive glial cells of the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Glioma

Answer

Schwannoma

Answer

Neuroma

Answer

Meningioma

Question 53

What is the primary function of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)?

Accepted Answer

Protect and cushion the brain and spinal cord

Answer

Remove waste products from the nervous system

Answer

Regulate body temperature

Answer

Transport hormones and neurotransmitters