Joints: Structure, Function, and Classification | Anatomy and Physiology

Question 1

Which of the following is the primary function of articular cartilage, a specialized connective tissue that lines the ends of bones in synovial joints?

Accepted Answer

Reducing friction and facilitating smooth joint movement

Answer

Absorbing shock and providing cushioning

Answer

Supplying nutrients to joint structures

Answer

Preventing direct contact between bone surfaces

Question 2

Which of the following strong, fibrous cords of connective tissue attaches muscles to bones, facilitating movement?

Accepted Answer

Tendon

Answer

Ligament

Answer

Synovial membrane

Answer

Bursa

Question 3

Which of the following is a fluid-filled sac located between tendons and bones, reducing friction and facilitating movement?

Accepted Answer

Bursa

Answer

Tendon

Answer

Ligament

Answer

Synovial membrane

Question 4

Which of the following is a characteristic of cartilaginous joints, which are connected by cartilage and have limited movement?

Accepted Answer

Immobility or slight movement

Answer

High degree of flexibility

Answer

Presence of a synovial cavity

Answer

Extensive range of motion

Question 5

Which of the following is a cartilaginous joint?

Accepted Answer

Cartilaginous

Answer

Hinge

Answer

Plane

Answer

Ball-and-socket

Question 6

In synovial joints, what are the primary roles of synovial fluid?

Accepted Answer

Nourishes the articular cartilage

Accepted Answer

Reduces friction between the bones

Answer

Strengthens the joint capsule

Answer

Limits the range of motion of the joint

Question 7

Which factor does NOT contribute to the stability of a joint?

Accepted Answer

Temperature

Answer

Ligament strength

Answer

Muscle tone

Answer

Joint shape

Question 8

What is the primary function of synovial fluid?

Accepted Answer

Lubricate joint surfaces

Answer

Nourish cartilage

Answer

Provide structural support

Answer

Prevent infection

Question 9

Which type of joint allows for the greatest range of motion?

Accepted Answer

Synovial joint

Answer

Fibrous joint

Answer

Cartilaginous joint

Answer

Sesamoid joint

Question 10

Which type of cartilage is found in intervertebral discs?

Accepted Answer

Fibrocartilage

Answer

Hyaline cartilage

Answer

Elastic cartilage

Answer

Calcified cartilage

Question 11

Classify the temporomandibular joint.

Accepted Answer

Condylar joint

Answer

Hinge joint

Answer

Plane joint

Answer

Pivot joint

Question 12

Which type of joint allows for the greatest range of motion, including flexion, extension, rotation, and abduction?

Accepted Answer

Ball-and-socket joint

Answer

Hinge joint

Answer

Pivot joint

Answer

Saddle joint

Question 13

What is the main purpose of synovial joints?

Accepted Answer

To facilitate movement

Answer

To provide stability and support

Answer

To produce synovial fluid

Answer

To protect bones from friction

Question 14

Which of the following is not categorized as a cartilaginous joint?

Accepted Answer

Diarthrodial joint

Answer

Synchondrosis

Answer

Syndesmosis

Answer

Symphysis

Question 15

Which type of connective tissue connects bones at a joint?

Accepted Answer

Ligament

Answer

Tendon

Answer

Cartilage

Answer

Fascia

Question 16

Which fluid lubricates and nourishes synovial joints, reducing friction during movement?

Accepted Answer

Synovial fluid

Answer

Hyaline cartilage

Answer

Bone marrow

Answer

Blood

Question 17

Which joint connects the humerus to the scapula, allowing for a wide range of arm movements?

Accepted Answer

Glenohumeral joint

Answer

Acromioclavicular joint

Answer

Sternoclavicular joint

Answer

Temporomandibular joint

Question 18

What type of joint is found between the bones of the skull, allowing for limited movement?

Accepted Answer

Fibrous joint

Answer

Cartilaginous joint

Answer

Synovial joint

Answer

Sesamoid joint

Question 19

Which connective tissue plays a primary role in stabilizing joints and limiting their movement?

Accepted Answer

Ligament

Answer

Cartilage

Answer

Tendon

Answer

Synovium

Question 20

The joint that allows for the greatest range of motion is the:

Accepted Answer

Ball-and-socket joint

Answer

Hinge joint

Answer

Pivot joint

Answer

Condyloid joint

Question 21

Which of the following is a characteristic of synovial joints?

Accepted Answer

Presence of synovial fluid

Answer

Absence of cartilage

Answer

Limited range of motion

Answer

High friction

Question 22

The joint between the vertebrae is an example of a:

Accepted Answer

Symphysis

Answer

Suture

Answer

Cartilage

Answer

Ball-and-socket joint

Question 23

Which of the following factors does NOT influence joint stability?

Accepted Answer

Age

Answer

Ligaments

Answer

Muscles

Answer

Shape of joint surfaces

Question 24

The joint that connects the femur to the tibia is the:

Accepted Answer

Knee joint

Answer

Hip joint

Answer

Ankle joint

Answer

Shoulder joint

Question 25

The type of joint that allows for back-and-forth rocking motion is the:

Accepted Answer

Gliding joint

Answer

Ball-and-socket joint

Answer

Hinge joint

Answer

Saddle joint

Question 26

The glenohumeral joint is classified as a:

Accepted Answer

Ball-and-socket joint

Answer

Hinge joint

Answer

Pivot joint

Answer

Condylar joint

Question 27

Which of the following is a primary function of ligaments?

Accepted Answer

Provide stability to joints

Answer

Restrict joint movement

Answer

Lubricate joint surfaces

Answer

Generate joint movement

Question 28

Which type of joint allows for the greatest range of motion?

Accepted Answer

Ball-and-socket joint

Answer

Hinge joint

Answer

Condylar joint

Answer

Gliding joint

Question 29

Which of the following is a characteristic of a saddle joint, such as the thumb joint?

Accepted Answer

Opposing surfaces are convex and concave

Answer

Allows for flexion and extension

Answer

Provides stability and limited range of motion

Answer

Found in the knee and elbow

Question 30

The joint between the radius and ulna is classified as a:

Accepted Answer

Pivot joint

Answer

Hinge joint

Answer

Condylar joint

Answer

Ball-and-socket joint

Question 31

The process of strengthening a joint and improving its function is known as:

Accepted Answer

Rehabilitation

Answer

Mobilization

Answer

Immobilization

Answer

Manipulation

Question 32

Which type of joint exhibits the greatest range of motion, enabling movements in multiple planes, and is commonly found at the shoulder?

Accepted Answer

Ball-and-socket joint

Answer

Hinge joint

Answer

Immovable joint

Answer

Pivot joint

Question 33

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of joints in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Store energy

Answer

Provide structural support and stability

Answer

Protect internal organs

Answer

Facilitate movement and flexibility

Question 34

Which type of joint allows for smooth gliding motions and is commonly found between the vertebrae?

Accepted Answer

Plane joint

Answer

Hinge joint

Answer

Ball-and-socket joint

Question 35

Which of the following is a type of fibrous joint that connects teeth to the jawbone?

Accepted Answer

Gomphosis

Answer

Symphysis

Answer

Hinge joint

Answer

Suture

Question 36

What is the primary structural component of articular cartilage, providing its unique properties?

Accepted Answer

Type II collagen

Answer

Type I collagen

Answer

Hyaluronic acid

Answer

Elastin

Question 37

Which type of synovial joint allows for the most diverse range of movements, including rotation and circumduction?

Accepted Answer

Multiaxial joint

Answer

Triaxial joint

Answer

Biaxial joint

Answer

Uniaxial joint

Question 38

What is the primary function of the menisci within the knee joint?

Accepted Answer

Shock absorption and load distribution

Answer

Muscle attachment

Answer

Joint stabilization

Answer

Joint lubrication

Question 39

Which type of osteoarthritis commonly affects the knee joint, leading to pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility?

Accepted Answer

Knee osteoarthritis

Answer

Rheumatoid arthritis

Answer

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis

Answer

Gout

Question 40

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of synovial joints?

Accepted Answer

Cartilaginous articular surfaces

Answer

Allow for a wide range of motion

Answer

Presence of synovial fluid

Answer

Enclosed by a joint capsule

Question 41

Which type of joint allows for the greatest degree of rotational movement?

Accepted Answer

Ball-and-socket joint

Answer

Pivot joint

Answer

Saddle joint

Answer

Hinge joint

Question 42

What is the primary function of ligaments in joints?

Accepted Answer

To provide stability and limit excessive movement

Answer

To transmit nerve impulses

Answer

To cushion and protect joint surfaces

Answer

To produce synovial fluid for lubrication

Question 43

What type of joint is the elbow?

Accepted Answer

Hinge joint

Answer

Pivot joint

Answer

Ball-and-socket joint

Answer

Saddle joint

Question 44

Which type of joint is characterized by a tough, fibrous connective tissue that unites the bones?

Accepted Answer

Syndesmosis

Answer

Hinge joint

Answer

Plane joint

Answer

Ball-and-socket joint

Question 45

Which of the following is a type of immovable joint?

Accepted Answer

Sutures

Answer

Hinge joint

Answer

Synovial joint

Answer

Cartilaginous joint