Mastering Newborn Complications Management: A Comprehensive Guide for Nurses

Question 1

What is the primary nursing intervention aimed at reducing serum bilirubin levels in a newborn with jaundice?

Accepted Answer

Phototherapy

Answer

Oxygen administration

Answer

Intravenous fluids

Answer

Antibiotics

Question 2

What is the initial step in managing a newborn with respiratory distress?

Accepted Answer

Provide supplemental oxygen

Answer

Initiate mechanical ventilation

Answer

Administer surfactant

Answer

Perform chest physiotherapy

Question 3

What is the most prevalent cause of respiratory distress among premature infants?

Accepted Answer

Respiratory distress syndrome

Answer

Pneumonia

Answer

Aspiration

Answer

Congenital heart disease

Question 4

What is a potential long-term complication of untreated respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in newborns?

Accepted Answer

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Answer

Necrotizing enterocolitis

Answer

Intraventricular hemorrhage

Answer

Retinopathy of prematurity

Question 5

In the context of neonatal end-of-life care, which ethical principle carries the most significance when guiding decision-making for newborns with life-limiting conditions?

Accepted Answer

Non-maleficence

Answer

Beneficence

Answer

Autonomy

Question 6

Which of the following is a predominant clinical manifestation of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS)?

Accepted Answer

Rapid breathing (tachypnea)

Answer

Slow heart rate (bradycardia)

Answer

Decreased urine output (oliguria)

Answer

Yellowing of the skin (jaundice)

Question 7

The primary nursing intervention to manage jaundice in newborns is:

Accepted Answer

Using light therapy (phototherapy)

Answer

Administering fluids through a vein (intravenously)

Answer

Providing oxygen therapy

Answer

Giving antibiotics

Question 8

Which laboratory finding is indicative of sepsis in newborns?

Accepted Answer

Increased white blood cell count

Answer

Reduced platelet count

Answer

Low hemoglobin

Answer

Normal blood sugar levels

Question 9

When administering phototherapy for jaundice, it is crucial to:

Accepted Answer

Implement all of the above measures

Answer

Cover the baby's eyes to prevent corneal damage

Answer

Monitor the baby's temperature closely

Answer

Ensure adequate hydration

Question 10

During suctioning of a newborn, it is important to:

Accepted Answer

Adhere to all of the above practices

Answer

Maintain sterile technique

Answer

Apply gentle suction

Answer

Limit suction time to 10 seconds

Question 11

The fundamental goal of nursing care for a newborn with respiratory distress syndrome is to:

Accepted Answer

Maintain adequate oxygenation

Answer

Prevent infection

Answer

Promote weight gain

Answer

Provide comfort

Question 12

What is the primary cause of surfactant deficiency in respiratory distress syndrome?

Accepted Answer

Delayed surfactant production due to immature fetal lungs

Answer

Increased surfactant breakdown from oxidative stress

Answer

Genetic defects impairing surfactant release

Answer

Excessive surfactant production

Question 13

Which of the following is a common clinical manifestation of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS)?

Accepted Answer

Cyanosis

Answer

Bradycardia

Answer

Tachycardia

Answer

Hypotension

Question 14

The primary nursing intervention for managing jaundice in a newborn is:

Accepted Answer

Phototherapy

Answer

Intubation

Answer

Antibiotics

Answer

Blood transfusion

Question 15

The initial step in managing a newborn with suspected sepsis is:

Accepted Answer

Obtain blood cultures

Answer

Administer antibiotics

Answer

Perform a lumbar puncture

Answer

Monitor vital signs

Question 16

The goal of phototherapy in the management of jaundice is to:

Accepted Answer

Convert bilirubin to a water-soluble form

Answer

Stimulate liver function

Answer

Increase red blood cell production

Answer

Reduce inflammation

Question 17

The most common cause of neonatal jaundice is:

Accepted Answer

Physiological jaundice

Answer

Hemolytic jaundice

Answer

Cholestatic jaundice

Answer

Septic jaundice

Question 18

Which of the following is the primary cause of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in premature infants?

Accepted Answer

Prematurity

Answer

Maternal smoking

Answer

Cesarean section

Answer

Prolonged labor

Question 19

The first-line nursing intervention for managing jaundice in newborns is:

Accepted Answer

Phototherapy

Answer

Blood transfusion

Answer

Nasogastric tube feeding

Answer

Increasing fluid intake

Question 20

Which of the following factors is a major risk factor for developing RDS in newborns?

Accepted Answer

Gestational age less than 28 weeks

Answer

Maternal hypertension

Answer

Fetal macrosomia

Answer

Cesarean section

Question 21

The nurse is caring for a newborn with jaundice. Which specific type of light therapy is most effective for treating this condition?

Accepted Answer

Blue light

Answer

White light

Answer

Ultraviolet light

Answer

Ambient light

Question 22

Which of the following laboratory values is typically elevated in newborns with sepsis?

Accepted Answer

White blood cell count

Answer

Hemoglobin

Answer

Platelet count

Answer

Serum bilirubin

Question 23

The nurse is providing care to a newborn with respiratory distress. Which of the following nursing interventions is of the highest priority?

Accepted Answer

Providing oxygen therapy

Answer

Suctioning the newborn's airway

Answer

Administering antibiotics

Answer

Monitoring the newborn's vital signs

Question 24

Which laboratory value is a definitive indicator of sepsis in a newborn?

Accepted Answer

Positive blood culture

Answer

Leukocytosis

Answer

Neutropenia

Answer

Elevated C-reactive protein

Question 25

Which type of congenital heart defect is the most common in newborns?

Accepted Answer

Ventricular septal defect

Answer

Atrial septal defect

Answer

Tetralogy of Fallot

Answer

Coarctation of the aorta

Question 26

Which of the following is a possible long-term neurological outcome associated with neonatal respiratory distress syndrome?

Accepted Answer

Cerebral palsy

Answer

Cystic fibrosis

Answer

Autism spectrum disorder

Answer

Spina bifida

Question 27

Which nursing intervention is **inappropriate** for managing a newborn with respiratory distress syndrome?

Accepted Answer

Place the baby in a prone position

Answer

Administer oxygen

Answer

Monitor vital signs

Answer

Suction as needed

Question 28

Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is a common complication in newborns characterized by difficulty breathing. Which nursing intervention is most critical in managing RDS?

Accepted Answer

Administering surfactant: Surfactant replacement therapy is the primary intervention for RDS.

Answer

Monitoring vital signs: Vital signs monitoring is important, but it is not the most critical intervention.

Answer

Encouraging breastfeeding: Breastfeeding is beneficial but not the most critical intervention for RDS.

Answer

Providing oxygen: While supplemental oxygen is often necessary, it is not the most critical intervention.

Question 29

Neonatal jaundice is a common condition caused by elevated bilirubin levels. Which nursing intervention is most appropriate for a newborn with a bilirubin level of 15 mg/dL?

Accepted Answer

Monitor bilirubin levels every 12 hours: Regular bilirubin monitoring is essential for assessing the severity and progression of jaundice.

Answer

Expose the newborn to sunlight: Sun exposure is not an effective method for treating jaundice.

Answer

Administer phototherapy: Phototherapy is indicated for higher bilirubin levels typically above 17 mg/dL.

Answer

Discontinue breastfeeding: Breastfeeding should not be discontinued as it can aid in bilirubin excretion.

Question 30

Early identification of sepsis in newborns is crucial. Which sign or symptom is most concerning and requires prompt medical attention?

Accepted Answer

Poor feeding: Difficulty feeding or decreased feeding can be an early indicator of sepsis.

Answer

Respiratory distress: Respiratory distress can be a symptom of sepsis, but poor feeding is more concerning.

Answer

Jaundice: Jaundice alone is not a specific sign of sepsis.

Question 31

Neonatal hypothermia is a condition where the newborn's body temperature drops below normal. Which nursing intervention is most essential in managing hypothermia?

Accepted Answer

Warming the newborn: Immediate warming measures are crucial to prevent further temperature loss.

Answer

Providing oxygen: Oxygen is not the primary intervention for hypothermia.

Answer

Monitoring blood glucose levels: While important, it is not the most critical intervention for hypothermia.

Question 32

Respiratory distress in newborns can manifest in various ways. Which nursing assessment is most important for evaluating respiratory distress?

Accepted Answer

Respiratory rate and effort: Observing the newborn's respiratory rate and effort provides valuable information about respiratory status.

Answer

Skin color: Cyanosis (bluish discoloration) can be a sign of respiratory distress, but it's not the most comprehensive assessment.

Answer

Heart rate: Heart rate may be elevated in response to respiratory distress, but it's not the most specific assessment.

Answer

Temperature: Temperature is not a primary indicator of respiratory distress.

Question 33

Neonatal hypoglycemia occurs when the newborn's blood glucose level falls below normal. Which nursing intervention is most appropriate for managing hypoglycemia with a blood glucose level of 40 mg/dL?

Accepted Answer

Administer oral glucose: Oral glucose administration is a safe and effective way to raise blood glucose levels in mild hypoglycemia.

Answer

Feed the newborn formula: Formula feeding is not typically recommended as the first-line treatment for hypoglycemia.

Answer

Administer IV glucose: IV glucose is usually reserved for more severe cases of hypoglycemia.

Answer

Monitor blood glucose levels every hour: While monitoring is important, it should not delay glucose administration.

Question 34

Jaundice can be a common issue in newborns. Which laboratory value is most essential in monitoring the severity of jaundice?

Accepted Answer

Bilirubin level: Measuring bilirubin levels accurately reflects the extent of jaundice and guides treatment decisions.

Answer

Hemoglobin level: Hemoglobin level is not directly related to jaundice.

Answer

White blood cell count: White blood cell count is not a specific indicator of jaundice.

Question 35

Preventing hypothermia in newborns is crucial to maintain their health. Which nursing intervention is most effective in preventing hypothermia?

Accepted Answer

Maintaining a warm environment: Keeping the newborn in a warm environment is essential for preventing heat loss.

Answer

Providing skin-to-skin care: Skin-to-skin care is beneficial but not the most effective preventive measure.

Answer

Monitoring vital signs: While monitoring is important, it does not actively prevent hypothermia.

Answer

Administering antibiotics: Antibiotics are not indicated for preventing hypothermia.

Question 36

Sepsis in newborns is a severe infection that requires prompt intervention. Which nursing intervention is most critical in managing neonatal sepsis?

Accepted Answer

Administering antibiotics: Antibiotics are the primary treatment for sepsis to eliminate the infection.

Answer

Monitoring vital signs: Monitoring vital signs is important, but it does not address the underlying infection.

Answer

Providing oxygen: Oxygen may be necessary, but it is not the most critical intervention.

Answer

Feeding the newborn: Feeding may not be possible or appropriate in a septic newborn.

Question 37

Hyperglycemia in newborns is a condition characterized by elevated blood glucose levels. Which nursing assessment is most useful in monitoring and evaluating hyperglycemia?

Accepted Answer

Blood glucose level: Regularly monitoring blood glucose levels is essential to assess the severity and trend of hyperglycemia.

Answer

Temperature: Temperature is not directly related to hyperglycemia.

Answer

Skin color: Skin color is not a reliable indicator of hyperglycemia in newborns.

Question 38

Enhanced Which of the following is the primary cause of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in newborns?

Accepted Answer

Surfactant deficiency

Answer

Bacterial pneumonia

Answer

Meconium aspiration

Answer

Congestive heart failure

Question 39

Enhanced What is the most important nursing intervention for a newborn with RDS who requires mechanical ventilation?

Accepted Answer

Monitoring vital signs and oxygen saturation levels

Answer

Providing suctioning as needed

Answer

Administering antibiotics

Question 40

Enhanced Which of the following is a characteristic clinical manifestation of neonatal jaundice?

Accepted Answer

Yellowing of the skin and mucous membranes

Answer

Hepatomegaly and splenomegaly

Answer

Increased bilirubin levels

Answer

Lethargy and irritability

Question 41

Enhanced What is the initial treatment of choice for neonatal jaundice caused by ABO incompatibility?

Accepted Answer

Phototherapy

Answer

Intravenous fluids

Answer

Medication

Answer

Blood transfusion

Question 42

Enhanced What is the most crucial nursing intervention for a newborn with suspected sepsis?

Accepted Answer

Initiating antibiotic therapy promptly

Answer

Providing supportive care

Answer

Monitoring vital signs

Answer

Maintaining a neutral thermal environment

Question 43

Enhanced What is the normal range of blood glucose levels for a newborn?

Accepted Answer

45-90 mg/dL

Answer

90-120 mg/dL

Answer

120-150 mg/dL

Answer

20-50 mg/dL

Question 44

Enhanced What is the primary nursing intervention for a newborn with hypocalcemia?

Accepted Answer

Administering calcium supplements as prescribed

Answer

Providing extra fluids

Answer

Monitoring vital signs

Answer

Maintaining a neutral thermal environment

Question 45

The primary nursing intervention for a newborn with jaundice is:

Accepted Answer

Phototherapy

Answer

Antibiotics

Answer

Exchange transfusion

Answer

Intravenous fluids

Question 46

Which of the following clinical manifestations is indicative of sepsis in a newborn?

Accepted Answer

Apnea and bradycardia

Answer

Increased appetite

Answer

Jaundice

Answer

Rash

Question 47

Which of the following is a risk factor for respiratory distress syndrome?

Accepted Answer

Premature birth

Answer

Maternal hypertension

Answer

Fetal distress

Answer

Maternal diabetes

Question 48

The nurse is assessing a newborn for jaundice. Which of the following clinical signs indicates severe jaundice?

Accepted Answer

Jaundice extending to the palms and soles

Answer

Jaundice on the extremities

Answer

Jaundice on the face and trunk

Answer

Jaundice on the sclera

Question 49

Which of the following nursing actions is essential when caring for a newborn with suspected sepsis?

Accepted Answer

Maintaining aseptic technique

Answer

Clustered feeding

Answer

Administering fluids orally

Answer

Promoting physical comfort

Question 50

When suctioning a newborn with respiratory distress syndrome, the nurse should:

Accepted Answer

Use gentle intermittent suction

Answer

Apply continuous suction

Answer

Use a large suction catheter

Answer

Suction for extended periods