Master Operating Systems: Definitions and Concepts

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of an operating system?

Accepted Answer

User interaction

Answer

Memory management

Answer

File management

Answer

Process management

Question 2

Which type of operating system is most appropriate for real-time applications that require immediate response?

Accepted Answer

Real-time system

Answer

Batch system

Answer

Interactive system

Answer

Distributed system

Question 3

Which component of an operating system is responsible for overseeing the execution of programs and managing system resources?

Accepted Answer

Kernel

Answer

Device driver

Answer

System call

Answer

Interrupt handler

Question 4

Which of the following is a key advantage of distributed operating systems?

Accepted Answer

Improved reliability and fault tolerance

Answer

Enhanced performance

Answer

Simplified administration

Answer

Reduced hardware costs

Question 5

What is the primary purpose of a file system in an operating system?

Accepted Answer

Organize and manage data on storage devices

Answer

Allocate memory resources efficiently

Answer

Control and interact with hardware devices

Answer

Provide user interfaces for system interaction

Question 6

What is the key difference between a protected memory system and a non-protected memory system?

Accepted Answer

Protected memory systems prevent unauthorized memory access, while non-protected memory systems allow it

Answer

Non-protected memory systems are faster than protected memory systems

Answer

Protected memory systems use virtual memory, while non-protected memory systems do not

Answer

There is no significant difference between protected and non-protected memory systems

Question 7

In real-time systems, which scheduling algorithm prioritizes tasks with earlier deadlines, ensuring their timely execution?

Accepted Answer

Rate Monotonic Scheduling (RMS)

Answer

Round-Robin

Answer

First-Come First-Served (FCFS)

Answer

Priority Scheduling

Question 8

What is the purpose of a thread in an operating system?

Accepted Answer

To execute a specific task

Answer

To manage memory resources

Answer

To communicate with other processes

Answer

To provide a user interface

Question 9

Which scheduling algorithm is designed to minimize the average waiting time of processes?

Accepted Answer

Shortest job first (SJF)

Answer

First-come first-served (FCFS)

Answer

Round-robin

Answer

Priority-based

Question 10

What is the primary purpose of a file system?

Accepted Answer

To manage and organize files

Answer

To provide a graphical user interface

Answer

To execute user programs

Answer

To allocate memory resources

Question 11

Which of the following is a common file system type used in UNIX-like operating systems?

Accepted Answer

ext4

Answer

NTFS

Answer

FAT32

Answer

APFS

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a primary responsibility of an operating system?

Accepted Answer

Encrypting user data

Answer

Managing computer resources

Answer

Providing a user interface

Answer

Running application programs

Question 13

Which type of operating system is designed to support multiple users accessing the system simultaneously?

Accepted Answer

Multi-user

Answer

Single-user

Answer

Single-tasking

Answer

Multi-processing

Question 14

Which scheduling algorithm prioritizes tasks based on their importance and time constraints?

Accepted Answer

Priority-based

Answer

First-come first-served

Answer

Round-robin

Answer

Shortest job first

Question 15

What is the primary function of a device driver in an operating system?

Accepted Answer

To translate application requests into hardware-specific commands

Answer

To manage memory allocation

Answer

To provide a graphical user interface

Answer

To optimize network performance

Question 16

Which of the following is a key distinction between monolithic and microkernel operating systems?

Accepted Answer

Modularity

Answer

Size

Answer

Performance

Answer

Security

Question 17

What is the main purpose of a file system in an operating system?

Accepted Answer

To organize and manage data on secondary storage devices

Answer

To manage user accounts and permissions

Answer

To allocate and manage memory

Answer

To handle network communication

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a common system call?

Accepted Answer

Echo

Answer

Read

Answer

Write

Answer

Open

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT considered a primary function of an operating system?

Accepted Answer

Providing access to web services

Answer

Managing hardware resources

Answer

Providing a user interface

Answer

Executing application software

Question 20

Which of the following is a crucial component of an operating system kernel?

Accepted Answer

Device drivers

Answer

User interface components

Answer

Application libraries

Answer

Web browsers

Question 21

What is the main advantage of a multi-tasking operating system?

Accepted Answer

Executing multiple tasks concurrently to improve efficiency

Answer

Allowing multiple users to access the system simultaneously

Answer

Providing a graphical user interface

Answer

Increasing the overall memory capacity of the system

Question 22

What is the purpose of a context switch in an operating system?

Accepted Answer

To save and restore the state of a process or thread during execution

Answer

To allocate additional memory to a running process

Answer

To terminate a process that has completed its execution

Answer

To synchronize access to shared resources

Question 23

Which of the following is NOT considered an advantage of utilizing virtual memory?

Accepted Answer

Increased vulnerability to security breaches

Answer

Improved performance by reducing page faults

Answer

Increased memory capacity without requiring additional physical memory

Answer

Reduced system overhead compared to traditional memory management techniques

Question 24

What is the primary function of a file system within an operating system?

Accepted Answer

To organize and manage data stored on storage devices

Answer

To provide a graphical interface for accessing files

Answer

To handle network communication

Answer

To monitor and control access to hardware resources

Question 25

Which of the following is a critical design consideration for real-time operating systems?

Accepted Answer

Predictable and bounded response times to external events

Answer

High throughput and scalability to handle large workloads

Answer

Fault tolerance and reliability to maintain system uptime

Answer

General-purpose functionality to support a wide range of applications

Question 26

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of an operating system?

Accepted Answer

Database administration

Answer

Process management

Answer

Memory management

Answer

Input/output management

Question 27

What is the primary role of the kernel in an operating system?

Accepted Answer

Provide the interface between hardware and software

Answer

Manage memory and processes

Answer

Handle user input and output

Answer

Run application programs

Question 28

Which of the following is a type of operating system commonly used in embedded systems?

Accepted Answer

Real-time operating system (RTOS)

Answer

UNIX

Answer

Windows

Answer

Mainframe operating system

Question 29

What is the primary purpose of process synchronization in an operating system?

Accepted Answer

To ensure that processes cooperate properly

Answer

To increase the speed of individual processes

Answer

To prevent deadlocks

Answer

To manage memory allocation

Question 30

What is the key distinction between a logical file system and a physical file system?

Accepted Answer

Logical file systems can span multiple physical devices, while physical file systems cannot

Answer

Logical file systems are hierarchical, while physical file systems are flat

Answer

Physical file systems are faster than logical file systems

Answer

Physical file systems are used by applications, while logical file systems are used by the operating system

Question 31

Which of the following is a primary benefit of using virtual memory?

Accepted Answer

Increases the amount of memory available to applications

Answer

Improves the performance of programs

Answer

Makes it easier to debug programs

Answer

Reduces the need for physical memory

Question 32

What is the main purpose of a page table in an operating system?

Accepted Answer

Translate virtual addresses into physical addresses

Answer

Manage the allocation of physical memory

Answer

Store the contents of pages that are not currently in memory

Answer

Improve the performance of memory accesses

Question 33

What is a key advantage of using a multithreaded programming model?

Accepted Answer

Improved performance by allowing multiple tasks to execute concurrently

Answer

Simplified code development by reducing the need for synchronization

Answer

Increased reliability by isolating tasks from one another

Answer

Reduced memory consumption by sharing resources between threads

Question 34

An operating system's primary function is to:

Accepted Answer

Manage hardware and software resources

Answer

Execute user applications only

Answer

Provide a user interface for interacting with the computer solely

Answer

Protect the computer from security threats exclusively

Question 35

Which component is responsible for allocating memory to processes?

Accepted Answer

Memory manager

Answer

Kernel

Answer

File system

Answer

Process scheduler

Question 36

Which type of operating system is commonly used in embedded systems?

Accepted Answer

Real-time operating system

Answer

Batch operating system

Answer

Multi-user operating system

Answer

Network operating system

Question 37

Which file system structure organizes files and directories into a hierarchical structure?

Accepted Answer

Hierarchical file system

Answer

Flat file system

Answer

Indexed file system

Answer

Database file system

Question 38

A key feature of a multi-user operating system is that it:

Accepted Answer

Allows multiple users to access the system simultaneously

Answer

Provides a dedicated environment for each user exclusively

Answer

Automatically updates software and patches only

Answer

Supports high-performance computing solely

Question 39

Which is a potential advantage of a monolithic kernel?

Accepted Answer

Reduced overhead

Answer

Improved security

Answer

Increased flexibility

Answer

Better performance for larger systems

Question 40

Which concept is unrelated to virtual memory?

Accepted Answer

Multitasking

Answer

Demand paging

Answer

Segmentation

Answer

Page replacement

Question 41

In operating systems, how do paging and segmentation differ as memory management techniques?

Accepted Answer

Paging divides memory into equal-sized pages, while segmentation allocates memory dynamically based on program needs.

Answer

Segmentation divides memory into fixed-sized pages, while paging allocates memory dynamically based on program needs.

Answer

Both paging and segmentation divide memory into fixed-sized pages.

Answer

Neither paging nor segmentation is used for memory management in operating systems.

Question 42

What are the fundamental concepts that guide the design and implementation of operating systems, including their essential components and their roles in managing hardware and software resources?

Accepted Answer

An operating system manages hardware and software resources, enables user interactions, and oversees system operations.

Answer

An operating system primarily handles memory allocation within a computer system.

Answer

An operating system is a program that assists users in performing tasks on a computer.

Answer

An operating system is a type of software used to control computers.

Question 43

Explain the critical role of the kernel in an operating system, describing its responsibilities and interactions with other system components.

Accepted Answer

The kernel manages hardware resources, facilitates communication between processes, and provides a stable interface for applications.

Answer

The kernel is an optional component that enhances the user interface of the operating system.

Answer

The kernel interacts solely with the user interface and is isolated from other system components.

Answer

The kernel is a type of application software that operates on top of the operating system.

Question 44

Which of the following is **not** a primary function of an operating system?

Accepted Answer

Email management

Answer

Memory management

Answer

Resource management

Answer

Process management

Question 45

Which type of operating system is suitable for environments requiring real-time responses to events?

Accepted Answer

Real-time operating system

Answer

Distributed operating system

Answer

Mobile operating system

Answer

Batch operating system

Question 46

What is the primary responsibility of a device driver in an operating system?

Accepted Answer

To facilitate communication between hardware devices and software

Answer

To execute application programs

Answer

To store and manage files

Answer

To protect the system from cybersecurity threats

Question 47

How does a kernel differ from a user interface in an operating system?

Accepted Answer

The kernel manages hardware resources, while the user interface interacts with the user.

Answer

The user interface is a type of kernel.

Answer

The kernel communicates with hardware devices.

Question 48

What is the primary function of a file system in an operating system?

Accepted Answer

To store, organize, and manage data on storage devices

Answer

To provide a graphical user interface

Answer

To schedule and execute processes

Question 49

Which of the following is **not** a common process management policy used in operating systems?

Accepted Answer

Lottery scheduling

Answer

Round-robin scheduling

Answer

First-come, first-served scheduling

Answer

Priority scheduling

Question 50

What is the overarching goal of memory management in an operating system?

Accepted Answer

To allocate and manage memory resources efficiently and securely

Answer

To store and retrieve files

Answer

To execute user applications