Memory and Programmable Logic: Master the Fundamentals of Digital Logic Design

Question 1

Which type of memory loses its data when power is turned off?

Accepted Answer

RAM

Answer

ROM

Answer

EEPROM

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a type of programmable logic device (PLD)?

Accepted Answer

ASIC

Answer

FPGA

Answer

CPLD

Answer

PAL

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a type of programmable logic device?

Accepted Answer

Microcontroller

Answer

Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA)

Answer

Programmable Array Logic (PAL)

Answer

Complex Programmable Logic Device (CPLD)

Question 4

What is the primary function of a decoder in a programmable logic device?

Accepted Answer

To decode an input binary code and activate a specific output line.

Answer

To generate clock pulses.

Answer

To amplify the input signal.

Answer

To store data permanently.

Question 5

Which of the following is a key benefit of using a programmable logic device?

Accepted Answer

Flexibility and reprogrammability, enabling customization and adaptation to changing requirements.

Answer

Reduced power consumption.

Answer

Lower cost compared to discrete logic circuits.

Answer

Higher operating speed compared to discrete logic.

Question 6

What is the fundamental difference between a PROM and an EPROM in terms of programmability?

Accepted Answer

PROMs can only be programmed once, while EPROMs can be erased and reprogrammed multiple times using ultraviolet light.

Answer

PROMs have a larger storage capacity than EPROMs.

Question 7

Which of the following is a type of programmable logic array?

Accepted Answer

Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA).

Answer

Read-Only Memory (ROM).

Answer

Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM).

Answer

Static Random Access Memory (SRAM).

Question 8

What is the primary purpose of a flip-flop in a digital logic circuit?

Accepted Answer

To store a single bit of information in binary form, acting as a memory element.

Answer

To generate clock signals.

Answer

To amplify signals.

Answer

To perform mathematical operations.

Question 9

Which of the following is a limitation of ROM?

Accepted Answer

It is not reprogrammable, meaning the stored information cannot be modified after initial programming.

Answer

It has a higher cost compared to RAM.

Answer

It has a lower storage capacity than RAM.

Answer

It operates slower than RAM.

Question 10

Within FPGAs, which type of programmable logic element is commonly used?

Accepted Answer

Look-Up Table (LUT) based logic blocks.

Answer

Transistors.

Answer

Capacitors.

Answer

Resistors.

Question 11

What is a key advantage of adopting a hierarchical design approach in digital logic design?

Accepted Answer

Increased modularity and reusability, allowing complex designs to be broken down into smaller, manageable components.

Answer

Lower implementation costs.

Answer

Improved circuit performance.

Answer

Reduced design time.

Question 12

Which of the following is **NOT** a type of Read-Only Memory (ROM)?

Accepted Answer

SRAM

Answer

PROM

Answer

EEPROM

Answer

EPROM

Question 13

What is the primary purpose of a decoder in digital logic?

Accepted Answer

To convert binary information into asserted output lines

Answer

To store data

Answer

To perform logical operations

Question 14

What is the fundamental distinction between combinational and sequential circuits?

Accepted Answer

Combinational circuits have no memory, while sequential circuits do

Answer

Sequential circuits are more complex to design

Answer

Combinational circuits operate at higher speeds

Question 15

Which of the following is a key advantage of using programmable logic devices (PLDs)?

Accepted Answer

Flexibility and cost-effectiveness

Answer

High performance

Answer

Small size

Answer

Low power consumption

Question 16

What is the primary function of a flip-flop in digital logic?

Accepted Answer

To store one bit of information

Answer

To amplify signals

Answer

To decode binary information

Answer

To perform arithmetic operations

Question 17

Which of the following is a type of programmable memory that can be erased and reprogrammed electrically?

Accepted Answer

Flash memory

Answer

SRAM

Answer

DRAM

Question 18

What is the purpose of a multiplexer in digital logic circuits?

Accepted Answer

To select one input from multiple inputs and direct it to an output

Answer

To perform mathematical operations

Answer

To amplify signals

Question 19

Which of the following is a disadvantage of using ROM in digital systems?

Accepted Answer

Data cannot be easily modified once programmed

Answer

High power consumption

Answer

Limited storage capacity

Answer

Expensive to manufacture

Question 20

In a memory system, what is the primary function of a decoder?

Accepted Answer

To convert an address into a unique output line

Answer

To store data

Answer

To perform logical operations

Answer

To amplify signals

Question 21

Which of the following is a common application of programmable logic devices (PLDs)?

Accepted Answer

Custom logic design

Answer

Data storage

Answer

Image compression

Answer

Signal processing

Question 22

Identify the option that is NOT a type of semiconductor memory:

Accepted Answer

Magnetic Core Memory

Answer

EEPROM

Answer

RAM

Answer

ROM

Question 23

What is the primary benefit of using programmable logic devices (PLDs)?

Accepted Answer

Configurable functionality

Answer

Minimal power consumption

Answer

High operating speed

Answer

Low manufacturing cost

Question 24

Which of the following is a type of programmable logic device (PLD)?

Accepted Answer

Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA)

Answer

Microprocessor

Answer

Digital Signal Processor (DSP)

Answer

Application-Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC)

Question 25

What is the purpose of a memory address decoder in a digital system?

Accepted Answer

Selects a specific memory location based on the address

Answer

Converts memory data to digital signals

Answer

Amplifies memory signals

Answer

Stores data in memory

Question 26

Which type of memory retains its data even when power is removed?

Accepted Answer

Flash memory

Answer

Cache memory

Answer

SRAM

Answer

DRAM

Question 27

What is the key difference between ROM and PROM?

Accepted Answer

ROM is pre-programmed, while PROM can be programmed by the user

Answer

PROM has a larger storage capacity than ROM

Answer

ROM operates faster than PROM

Question 28

Which of the following is an application of programmable logic devices (PLDs)?

Accepted Answer

Digital signal processing

Answer

Data storage

Answer

Word processing

Answer

Computer graphics

Question 29

What is the primary function of a programmable logic controller (PLC)?

Accepted Answer

Controls industrial processes

Answer

Generates waveforms

Answer

Stores data

Answer

Performs complex calculations

Question 30

Which of the following is NOT a type of memory device used in digital logic design?

Accepted Answer

Transistor

Answer

EEPROM

Answer

RAM

Answer

ROM

Question 31

What is the main purpose of a programmable logic device (PLD)?

Accepted Answer

To replace multiple fixed-function logic devices and implement complex digital circuits

Answer

To provide high-speed data transfer between different devices

Answer

To regulate voltage levels and protect sensitive components

Answer

To store large amounts of data, such as operating systems and application software

Question 32

Which of the following factors does NOT significantly affect the performance characteristics of a memory device?

Accepted Answer

Distance from the processor

Answer

Access time

Answer

Voltage range and stability

Answer

Capacity and organization

Question 33

In a memory device, the write enable signal is primarily used to:

Accepted Answer

Control and regulate the writing of data to specific memory locations

Answer

Read data from the selected memory location

Answer

Select the specific memory location to be accessed

Answer

Erase or clear the contents of the entire memory device

Question 34

Direct addressing is an addressing mode used in memory devices that provides:

Accepted Answer

A direct and straightforward mapping between a memory address and the corresponding data location

Answer

Flexible and dynamic addressing based on the contents of other registers

Answer

Reduced memory access time and improved performance

Answer

Enhanced security and protection against unauthorized access

Question 35

The fundamental distinction between volatile and non-volatile memory lies in:

Accepted Answer

Volatile memory loses its stored data when power is removed, while non-volatile memory retains its data even without power

Answer

Volatile memory is used for temporary data storage, while non-volatile memory is used for permanent data storage

Answer

Volatile memory is typically faster and more expensive than non-volatile memory

Question 36

Which of the following is NOT a commonly found programmable logic block within a programmable logic device (PLD)?

Accepted Answer

Analog-to-digital converter (ADC)

Answer

Logic gate

Answer

Flip-flop

Answer

Multiplier

Question 37

The primary advantage of using a JTAG (Joint Test Action Group) interface for PLD programming is:

Accepted Answer

It enables in-circuit testing and boundary-scan diagnostics without requiring dedicated test pins

Answer

It simplifies the programming process and reduces the number of required programming steps

Answer

It supports multiple programming algorithms and provides faster programming speeds

Answer

It enhances security and prevents unauthorized access during programming

Question 38

Which type of memory utilizes a capacitor to store data as an electrical charge?

Accepted Answer

DRAM - Dynamic Random Access Memory

Answer

SRAM - Static Random Access Memory

Answer

ROM - Read-Only Memory

Answer

EEPROM - Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory

Question 39

What distinctive advantage does ROM offer over RAM?

Accepted Answer

Non-volatility - Retains data even without power supply

Answer

Faster data access speed

Answer

Easier programming process

Answer

Lower cost of production

Question 40

In a memory system, what is the primary function of a decoder?

Accepted Answer

Selects the specific memory location based on address

Answer

Converts digital signals to analog

Answer

Amplifies data signals for clarity

Answer

Stores the program instructions for execution

Question 41

Which type of programmable logic device is best suited for implementing complex circuits with sequential behavior?

Accepted Answer

FPGA - Field-Programmable Gate Array

Answer

EPROM - Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory

Answer

PAL - Programmable Array Logic

Answer

PROM - Programmable Read-Only Memory

Question 42

In a memory system, what is the purpose of an address bus?

Accepted Answer

Specifies the memory location to be accessed

Answer

Transfers data to and from the memory

Answer

Controls the read/write operations

Answer

Provides power to the memory chips

Question 43

What is one of the key advantages of using programmable logic devices instead of discrete logic gates?

Accepted Answer

Reduced component count and increased design flexibility

Answer

Significantly faster circuit speeds

Answer

Substantially lower power consumption

Question 44

Which of the following is a common application of programmable logic devices?

Accepted Answer

Implementing digital signal processing algorithms

Answer

Amplifying analog signals

Answer

Storing large datasets

Answer

Generating high-frequency analog waveforms

Question 45

Which type of memory requires periodic refreshing to retain stored data?

Accepted Answer

Dynamic RAM (DRAM)

Answer

Static RAM (SRAM)

Answer

Programmable ROM (PROM)

Answer

Read-Only Memory (ROM)

Question 46

A memory chip has 16 address lines. What is the total storage capacity of this chip if it has 8 data lines?

Accepted Answer

64 KB

Answer

512 KB

Answer

128 KB

Answer

256 KB

Question 47

What is the primary advantage of using Static RAM (SRAM) over Dynamic RAM (DRAM) in high-performance computing applications?

Accepted Answer

Faster access time

Answer

Lower power consumption

Answer

Higher storage density

Question 48

Which type of Programmable Logic Device (PLD) is known for its high logic density and is widely used in complex digital systems?

Accepted Answer

Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA)

Answer

Simple Programmable Logic Device (SPLD)

Answer

Complex Programmable Logic Device (CPLD)

Answer

Programmable Array Logic (PAL)

Question 49

What is the role of a configuration memory cell in a Programmable Logic Device (PLD)?

Accepted Answer

Stores the programming data that defines the device's logic function

Answer

Provides temporary storage for data during program execution

Answer

Controls the clock signals used for timing and synchronization

Question 50

Which of the following is a key advantage of using Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs) in digital circuit design?

Accepted Answer

Flexibility to modify and reprogram the circuit's functionality

Answer

Reduced power consumption compared to equivalent discrete logic circuits

Answer

Lower overall circuit cost for low-volume production

Question 51

What type of memory is commonly used in microcontrollers to store program instructions and constant data?

Accepted Answer

Flash Memory

Answer

Static RAM (SRAM)

Answer

Read-Only Memory (ROM)

Answer

Dynamic RAM (DRAM)

Question 52

A memory system has a latency of 100 nanoseconds and a bandwidth of 100 megabytes per second. What is the maximum number of memory accesses that can be performed in one microsecond?

Accepted Answer

10

Answer

10,000

Answer

1,000

Answer

100

Question 53

What logic function does a Look-Up Table (LUT) within a Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) implement?

Accepted Answer

Any arbitrary Boolean function with a limited number of inputs

Answer

Only basic logic gates such as AND, OR, and NOT

Answer

Arithmetic operations like addition and subtraction

Question 54

What is the purpose of a 'place and route' tool in the context of Programmable Logic Device (PLD) design?

Accepted Answer

Maps the logical design to the physical resources of the chosen PLD and determines the routing of interconnections

Answer

Simulates the behavior of the designed circuit to verify its functionality