Thoracic Surgery Quizzes: Test Your Knowledge in Chest Surgery

Question 1

Which of the following is the most common type of lung resection?

Accepted Answer

Lobectomy

Answer

Pneumonectomy

Answer

Segmentectomy

Answer

Wedge resection

Question 2

Which of the following is an inappropriate indication for lung resection?

Accepted Answer

Pneumonia

Answer

Lung cancer

Answer

Bronchiectasis

Answer

Lung abscess

Question 3

What is the most common type of esophageal surgery performed in the United States?

Accepted Answer

Esophagectomy

Answer

Fundoplication

Answer

Pyloroplasty

Answer

Gastrostomy

Question 4

What is the primary goal of performing a lobectomy?

Accepted Answer

Removal of a diseased portion of the lung

Answer

Improvement of lung function

Answer

Prevention of cancer spread

Answer

Alleviation of pain

Question 5

Which of the following surgical techniques is commonly employed in esophageal surgery?

Accepted Answer

Both minimally invasive and open surgery

Answer

Minimally invasive approach

Answer

Open surgery

Answer

Robotic surgery

Question 6

What type of lung cancer is the most prevalent?

Accepted Answer

Non-small cell lung cancer

Answer

Small cell lung cancer

Answer

Mesothelioma

Answer

Sarcoma

Question 7

Which of the following is not a recognized type of lung resection?

Accepted Answer

Thoracotomy

Answer

Wedge resection

Answer

Segmental resection

Answer

Lobectomy

Question 8

Which type of esophageal anastomosis involves connecting the end of the esophagus to the side of the stomach?

Accepted Answer

End-to-side

Answer

End-to-end

Answer

Side-to-side

Answer

Gastric pull-up

Question 9

The primary blood supply to the lungs is derived from the:

Accepted Answer

Pulmonary artery

Answer

Aorta

Answer

Bronchial arteries

Answer

Intercostal arteries

Question 10

The most common histological type of lung cancer is:

Accepted Answer

Adenocarcinoma

Answer

Squamous cell carcinoma

Answer

Small cell lung cancer

Answer

Large cell lung cancer

Question 11

Which surgical technique utilizes a robotic system to assist with esophageal resection?

Accepted Answer

Robotic esophagectomy

Answer

Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery

Answer

Open thoracotomy

Answer

Transoral robotic surgery

Question 12

The diaphragm separates the thoracic cavity from the:

Accepted Answer

Abdominal cavity

Answer

Mediastinum

Answer

Pelvic cavity

Answer

Cranial cavity

Question 13

Which indication is most common for performing lung resection?

Accepted Answer

Lung cancer

Answer

Pneumonia

Answer

Emphysema

Answer

Pulmonary embolism

Question 14

In esophageal cancer surgery, which surgical approach is primarily utilized?

Accepted Answer

Transthoracic esophagectomy

Answer

Transhiatal esophagectomy

Answer

Laparoscopic esophagectomy

Answer

Robotic esophagectomy

Question 15

Which anesthetic method is typically employed for major thoracic surgeries?

Accepted Answer

General anesthesia with double-lumen endotracheal intubation

Answer

Regional anesthesia with epidural analgesia

Answer

Local anesthesia with sedation

Answer

Spinal anesthesia

Question 16

What is the primary benefit of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) in thoracic surgery?

Accepted Answer

Less invasive approach for lung resection and mediastinal exploration

Answer

Alternative to traditional open surgery

Answer

Used primarily for diagnostic purposes

Answer

Suitable only for small lung tumors

Question 17

What is the aim of neoadjuvant therapy in thoracic oncology?

Accepted Answer

To reduce the size of the tumor before surgery

Answer

To improve patient survival

Answer

To eliminate the need for surgery

Answer

To minimize postoperative discomfort

Question 18

Which lung cancer type is known for its aggressive and rapid growth pattern?

Accepted Answer

Small cell lung cancer

Answer

Adenocarcinoma

Answer

Squamous cell carcinoma

Answer

Large cell lung cancer

Question 19

In preoperative assessment for lung resection surgery, what factor is most important in determining the extent of resection?

Accepted Answer

Size and location of the lesion

Answer

Patient's age and overall health

Answer

Type of anesthetic to be used

Question 20

Which indication accounts for the majority of esophageal resections performed?

Accepted Answer

Esophageal cancer

Answer

Gastroesophageal reflux disease

Answer

Achalasia

Answer

Zenker's diverticulum

Question 21

Among mediastinal tumors, which type is most prevalent, representing approximately half of all cases?

Accepted Answer

Thymoma

Answer

Cystic hygroma

Answer

Neurogenic tumor

Answer

Liposarcoma

Question 22

For tracheal resection, which technique offers the best outcomes by allowing for precise excision and reconstruction of the affected tracheal segment?

Accepted Answer

Tracheal sleeve resection

Answer

Carinal resection

Answer

Open tracheal reconstruction

Answer

Laser-assisted tracheoplasty

Question 23

After lung resection, which potential complication is least likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

Renal failure

Answer

Pneumonia

Answer

Atelectasis

Answer

Empyema

Question 24

When anastomosing the esophagus after resection, which technique provides the most secure and reliable connection?

Accepted Answer

End-to-end anastomosis

Answer

End-to-side anastomosis

Answer

Side-to-side anastomosis

Answer

Conductotomy

Question 25

Which imaging modality is considered the gold standard for evaluating mediastinal structures due to its high resolution and ability to provide cross-sectional images?

Accepted Answer

Computed tomography (CT)

Answer

Chest X-ray

Answer

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Answer

Bronchoscopy

Question 26

Following esophageal surgery, which complication is most commonly encountered and poses the greatest risk to patient recovery?

Accepted Answer

Anastomotic leak

Answer

Pulmonary embolism

Answer

Cardiac arrhythmia

Answer

Wound infection

Question 27

What is the primary surgical treatment for stage I non-small cell lung cancer?

Accepted Answer

Lobectomy

Answer

Pneumonectomy

Answer

Wedge resection

Answer

Radiation therapy alone

Question 28

What is the most frequently performed type of esophageal anastomosis after esophageal resection?

Accepted Answer

Esophagogastrostomy

Answer

Cervicothoracic esophagogastrectomy

Answer

Gastrectomy

Answer

Jejunostomy

Question 29

Which of the following is the most common cause of esophageal perforation during surgical procedures?

Accepted Answer

Instrument trauma

Answer

Electrocautery injury

Answer

Iatrogenic injury

Answer

Tumor erosion

Question 30

In thoracic surgery, what is the main reason for performing a lung resection?

Accepted Answer

Lung cancer

Answer

COPD

Answer

Emphysema

Answer

Pulmonary embolism

Question 31

In thoracic surgery, informed consent is crucial for patient autonomy and ethical practice. Which statement accurately describes the core principle of informed consent?

Accepted Answer

Providing patients with comprehensive information about their condition and treatment, ensuring they understand the potential risks and benefits.

Answer

Seeking consent from a patient's family if the patient is unable to provide it themselves.

Answer

Assuming consent if a patient does not explicitly decline a procedure.

Question 32

What is the primary objective of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in thoracic surgery?

Accepted Answer

To reduce tumor size and improve resectability

Answer

To increase survival rates

Answer

To completely eradicate cancer cells

Answer

To prevent metastasis

Question 33

Which condition is typically a contraindication for thymectomy?

Accepted Answer

Diffuse myasthenia gravis

Answer

Localized myasthenia gravis

Answer

Thymoma

Answer

Thymic hyperplasia

Question 34

What is the most common cause of spontaneous pneumothorax?

Accepted Answer

Rupture of subpleural blebs

Answer

Lung cancer

Answer

Emphysema

Answer

Chest trauma

Question 35

For stage III esophageal cancer, what is the recommended primary treatment approach?

Accepted Answer

Neoadjuvant chemoradiation followed by esophagectomy

Answer

Esophagectomy alone

Answer

Chemoradiation alone

Question 36

In the context of thoracic surgery, what is the most common indication for lung resection?

Accepted Answer

Lung cancer

Answer

Benign tumors that are causing significant symptoms or complications

Answer

Severe emphysema affecting one lung

Answer

Recurrent lung abscesses despite adequate medical therapy

Question 37

In patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer, what is the primary goal of preoperative induction therapy, which typically consists of chemotherapy and radiation therapy?

Accepted Answer

Reduce tumor size and improve the likelihood of successful surgical resection

Answer

Increase overall survival

Answer

Prevent distant metastases

Answer

Palliate symptoms and improve quality of life

Question 38

Among the various histological subtypes of lung cancer, which one is the most prevalent?

Accepted Answer

Adenocarcinoma

Answer

Small cell lung cancer

Answer

Squamous cell carcinoma

Answer

Large cell lung cancer

Question 39

In the management of patients undergoing thoracic surgery, what is the fundamental role played by pulmonologists?

Accepted Answer

Preoperative evaluation and optimization of patients' pulmonary function and overall health

Answer

Providing pathological diagnosis of lung and mediastinal lesions

Answer

Assisting in surgical procedures and providing intraoperative care

Answer

Providing postoperative care and monitoring patients' recovery

Question 40

Which surgical approach is most commonly used for lung lobectomy and pneumonectomy?

Accepted Answer

Lateral thoracotomy

Answer

Mediastinoscopy

Answer

Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS)

Answer

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)

Question 41

What is the most frequent indication for esophageal resection?

Accepted Answer

Esophageal cancer

Answer

Achalasia

Answer

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

Answer

Benign esophageal stricture

Question 42

What is the primary objective of preoperative evaluation in thoracic surgery?

Accepted Answer

To identify and mitigate potential risks and complications.

Answer

To provide pre-operative counseling

Answer

To optimize patient candidacy for surgery

Answer

To establish a surgical diagnosis

Question 43

Which of the following is a contraindication for thoracic surgery?

Accepted Answer

Severe respiratory distress

Answer

Obesity

Answer

Smoking history

Answer

Advanced age

Question 44

Which surgical approach is most appropriate for a patient requiring a right upper lobectomy?

Accepted Answer

Right posterolateral thoracotomy

Answer

Left posterolateral thoracotomy

Answer

Left axillary thoracotomy

Answer

Median sternotomy

Question 45

What is the primary indication for esophageal resection?

Accepted Answer

Esophageal cancer

Answer

Benign esophageal stricture

Answer

Gastroesophageal reflux disease

Answer

Achalasia

Question 46

Which surgical technique is commonly employed for the resection of anterior mediastinal masses?

Accepted Answer

Median sternotomy

Answer

Left axillary thoracotomy

Answer

Clamshell incision

Answer

Right lateral thoracotomy

Question 47

Which imaging modality is most commonly used for pre-operative assessment of patients with suspected lung cancer?

Accepted Answer

Chest CT scan

Answer

Ultrasound

Answer

Chest X-ray

Answer

MRI

Question 48

Which type of lung resection involves the removal of an entire lobe?

Accepted Answer

Lobectomy

Answer

Pneumonectomy

Answer

Wedge resection

Answer

Segmentectomy

Question 49

What is the most common benign esophageal tumor?

Accepted Answer

Leiomyoma

Answer

Adenocarcinoma

Answer

Squamous cell carcinoma

Answer

Carcinoid tumor

Question 50

Which type of mediastinal mass is characterized by enlarged lymph nodes?

Accepted Answer

Lymphoma

Answer

Neurogenic tumor

Answer

Sarcoma

Answer

Thymoma

Question 51

What is the main goal of neoadjuvant therapy in thoracic surgery?

Accepted Answer

To shrink the tumor and improve resectability

Answer

To prevent recurrence of cancer

Answer

To eliminate the need for surgery

Answer

To alleviate symptoms