Big Data and Database Systems: Master Data Management Techniques

Question 1

Which database model is most appropriate for storing and processing unstructured big data?

Accepted Answer

NoSQL database

Answer

Relational database

Answer

Graph database

Answer

Object-oriented database

Question 2

When working with big data, which data analysis method is most effective for identifying patterns and trends?

Accepted Answer

Exploratory data analysis

Answer

Descriptive analysis

Answer

Predictive analysis

Answer

Prescriptive analysis

Question 3

Which algorithm is commonly used for distributed data processing in big data systems, enabling parallel processing of large datasets on multiple computers?

Accepted Answer

MapReduce

Answer

Apriori

Answer

k-Means Clustering

Answer

Linear Regression

Question 4

Which of the following data storage technologies is designed specifically to handle large-scale, unstructured data?

Accepted Answer

NoSQL databases

Answer

Relational databases

Answer

Cloud-based storage

Answer

Data warehouses

Question 5

Which of the following is a key characteristic of a horizontally partitioned database?

Accepted Answer

Data is distributed across multiple rows

Answer

Data is distributed across multiple columns

Answer

Data is distributed across multiple tables

Answer

Data is stored in a single table

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a recognized category of NoSQL databases, which differ from traditional relational databases?

Accepted Answer

Object-relational databases

Answer

Document-oriented databases

Answer

Key-value stores

Answer

Graph databases

Question 7

For storing Big Data, which approach is commonly employed?

Accepted Answer

NoSQL databases

Answer

Relational databases

Answer

Data warehouses

Answer

Traditional file systems

Question 8

Which of these is NOT a component of the Hadoop ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

PostgreSQL

Answer

Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS)

Answer

Yarn

Answer

Spark

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a volume characteristic of big data?

Accepted Answer

High precision and accuracy

Answer

Exabytes or even zettabytes in size

Answer

Grows rapidly over time

Answer

Stored across multiple distributed systems

Question 10

Which database management system is specifically designed for distributed processing of big data?

Accepted Answer

Apache Hadoop

Answer

MySQL

Answer

Oracle Database

Answer

Microsoft SQL Server

Question 11

Which database model is tailored specifically for handling large-scale, diverse data sets?

Accepted Answer

NoSQL database

Answer

Relational database

Answer

Hierarchical database

Answer

Object-relational database

Question 12

Why is data quality crucial in big data analysis? Describe methods for assessing and enhancing data quality in big data systems.

Accepted Answer

Data cleansing, data standardization, and data integration are techniques for improving data quality.

Answer

Data quality has no significant impact on the accuracy of big data analysis results.

Answer

Manual inspection is the only method for evaluating data quality.

Answer

High-quality data sources guarantee data quality in big data systems.

Question 13

In big data systems, what unique challenge arises when managing and processing unstructured data?

Accepted Answer

Diverse types and formats of data

Answer

High volume and rapid arrival of data

Answer

Maintaining data quality and consistency

Answer

Ensuring data security and privacy

Question 14

How does big data influence decision-making in various industries? Give specific examples of how big data analytics is transforming business practices.

Accepted Answer

In finance, big data analytics helps predict market trends and identify investment opportunities.

Accepted Answer

In healthcare, big data analytics aids in disease diagnosis, personalized treatment plans, and drug discovery.

Accepted Answer

In manufacturing, big data analytics optimizes production processes, reduces downtime, and enhances quality control.

Answer

Big data analytics has no significant impact on decision-making in any industry.

Question 15

Which data storage technique is employed for large-scale datasets in big data systems?

Accepted Answer

NoSQL databases

Answer

Hierarchical databases

Answer

Relational databases

Answer

Object-oriented databases

Question 16

Describe a characteristic of MapReduce, a popular data processing framework for big data.

Accepted Answer

It processes data in parallel across distributed servers.

Answer

It allows for iterative data processing on large datasets.

Answer

It supports real-time data analysis and visualization.

Answer

It is designed for processing structured data only.

Question 17

Which database design approach is suitable for managing large and complex data relationships in big data systems?

Accepted Answer

Wide column store modeling

Answer

Entity-relationship modeling

Answer

Object-oriented modeling

Answer

Document-oriented modeling

Question 18

Provide an example of a real-world application of big data in the healthcare industry.

Accepted Answer

Personalized medicine

Answer

Fraud detection

Answer

Targeted marketing

Answer

Financial analysis

Question 19

Which characteristic is not typically associated with big data?

Accepted Answer

Veracity

Answer

Volume

Answer

Velocity

Answer

Variety

Question 20

NoSQL databases are designed to specifically handle:

Accepted Answer

Unstructured and semi-structured data

Answer

Structured data only

Answer

Numeric data only

Answer

Text data only

Question 21

Hadoop is primarily used for:

Accepted Answer

Data storage and processing

Answer

Data visualization and analysis

Answer

Database management

Answer

Cloud computing

Question 22

Which technique is commonly used to address data inconsistency in big data systems?

Accepted Answer

Data reconciliation

Answer

Data replication

Answer

Data deduplication

Answer

Data encryption

Question 23

Spark SQL, a component of Apache Spark, is primarily used for:

Accepted Answer

Structured data processing

Answer

Unstructured data analysis

Answer

Real-time data streaming

Answer

Data visualization

Question 24

Data lakes are primarily designed for:

Accepted Answer

Unstructured data storage

Answer

Structured data storage

Answer

Real-time data processing

Answer

Data visualization

Question 25

Which database system falls under the NoSQL category?

Accepted Answer

MongoDB

Answer

PostgreSQL

Answer

MySQL

Answer

Oracle

Question 26

Which technique is employed for data compression in big data systems?

Accepted Answer

LZ4 compression

Answer

Columnar storage

Answer

Data partitioning

Answer

Denormalization

Question 27

Which database model is most suitable for managing unstructured, non-relational data?

Accepted Answer

NoSQL

Answer

Relational

Answer

Hierarchical

Answer

Object-oriented

Question 28

What is the role of a data lake in a big data ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

Store raw, unprocessed data in its native format for future analysis

Answer

Provide a central platform for data integration, cleansing, and transformation

Answer

Support real-time data analytics and reporting for immediate insights

Answer

Improve data quality and governance across multiple data sources

Question 29

How do data marts differ from data warehouses in terms of scope and purpose?

Accepted Answer

Data marts are smaller, subject-specific subsets of data warehouses, designed for specific business functions.

Answer

Data warehouses are smaller, subject-specific subsets of data marts, designed for specific business functions.

Answer

Data marts and data warehouses are essentially the same concept, with no significant differences.

Answer

Data warehouses are used for operational data, while data marts are used for historical data.

Question 30

Which data governance strategy sets policies, standards, and processes to ensure the ethical and responsible use of big data throughout its lifecycle?

Accepted Answer

Data ethics and compliance framework

Answer

Data classification and protection

Answer

Data quality and integrity management

Answer

Data lineage and auditability

Question 31

Which characteristic is NOT typically associated with big data?

Accepted Answer

Consistency

Answer

Volume

Answer

Velocity

Answer

Variety

Question 32

What is the primary purpose of using a distributed DBMS for managing big data?

Accepted Answer

To distribute data across multiple physical servers for efficient storage and processing

Answer

To guarantee real-time updates of data across all servers

Answer

To ensure strict data consistency across all servers

Answer

To enhance data query performance

Question 33

What is the purpose of partitioning data in big data processing?

Accepted Answer

To divide large datasets into smaller, manageable chunks for efficient processing

Answer

To improve data security by isolating sensitive data

Answer

To ensure data integrity by preventing unauthorized data modifications

Answer

To reduce storage costs by optimizing data storage

Question 34

What is the primary function of a data lake in a big data architecture?

Accepted Answer

To provide a central repository for storing raw and unstructured data from various sources

Answer

To offer real-time data analytics capabilities for insights generation

Answer

To ensure compliance with data governance and regulatory requirements

Answer

To visualize and explore data for interactive analysis

Question 35

What is the main objective of data virtualization in a big data environment?

Accepted Answer

To provide a unified view of data across multiple sources, simplifying data integration and analysis

Answer

To enhance data performance and reduce latency by optimizing data access

Answer

To ensure data security and compliance by restricting unauthorized data access

Answer

To simplify data integration and analysis by eliminating the need for data movement

Question 36

Define the key characteristics of big data, contrasting them with traditional data types and discussing their implications for data management strategies.

Accepted Answer

Volume, Velocity, Variety, Veracity, and Value

Answer

Structured, Semi-structured, Unstructured

Answer

High dimensionality, Scalability, Real-time analysis

Answer

Computational complexity, Data locality, Data lineage

Question 37

Which type of data storage architecture is specifically designed for processing large-scale datasets?

Accepted Answer

Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS)

Answer

Relational databases

Answer

NoSQL databases

Answer

Cloud storage platforms

Question 38

What is the primary purpose of a data lake in a big data management system?

Accepted Answer

To store raw, unprocessed data in its native format for future analysis

Answer

To provide real-time access to analyzed and refined data

Answer

To ensure the security and compliance of sensitive data

Answer

To perform complex data transformations and calculations

Question 39

Which of the following techniques is commonly employed to process large datasets in a parallel and distributed manner?

Accepted Answer

MapReduce

Answer

Spark SQL

Answer

Streaming analytics

Answer

In-memory computing

Question 40

What is a key advantage of utilizing columnar databases for big data analysis?

Accepted Answer

Improved query execution speed and performance

Answer

Higher data compression ratios

Answer

Enhanced data accuracy and reliability

Answer

Reduced storage space requirements

Question 41

Which data storage technique is most suitable for handling extremely large, distributed datasets?

Accepted Answer

NoSQL database

Answer

Relational database

Answer

Object-oriented database

Answer

Network database

Question 42

Which data analysis technique is primarily used to discover hidden patterns and trends within vast datasets?

Accepted Answer

Data mining

Answer

Machine learning

Answer

Statistical analysis

Answer

Data visualization

Question 43

What is a key advantage of NoSQL databases over traditional relational databases when managing big data?

Accepted Answer

Flexible data schema

Answer

Strong data consistency

Answer

High transaction throughput

Answer

Advanced query optimization

Question 44

Which data storage model is recommended for managing unstructured data, such as text and social media data?

Accepted Answer

NoSQL database

Answer

Relational database

Answer

Object-oriented database

Answer

Hierarchical database

Question 45

Which technique is commonly employed for processing large-scale datasets, enabling parallel computation and data distribution?

Accepted Answer

MapReduce

Answer

Data mining

Answer

Machine learning

Answer

Artificial intelligence

Question 46

What is the primary purpose of Apache Hadoop in the context of big data management?

Accepted Answer

Provides a distributed data storage and processing framework

Answer

Offers data analytics tools for extracting insights

Answer

Serves as a visualization platform for displaying big data

Answer

Optimizes queries for efficient data retrieval

Question 47

Which database system is specifically designed to handle time-series data, a common data type in IoT and sensor applications?

Accepted Answer

Cassandra

Answer

MySQL

Answer

PostgreSQL

Answer

MongoDB

Question 48

What is the fundamental distinction between structured and unstructured data?

Accepted Answer

Structured data conforms to a predefined schema, while unstructured data does not.

Answer

Unstructured data can be easily processed using traditional database techniques.

Answer

Structured data is typically larger in size than unstructured data.

Answer

Unstructured data is simpler to analyze than structured data.

Question 49

What is the primary purpose of a data lake in big data management?

Accepted Answer

Serves as a centralized repository for storing raw and diverse data

Answer

Provides a platform for data analysis and processing

Answer

Offers a dedicated storage solution for structured data only

Answer

Enables real-time data access through a query engine

Question 50

In the context of big data environments, which of the following strategies is ineffective for ensuring data security and privacy?

Accepted Answer

Replicating data without employing encryption measures

Answer

Implementing robust encryption algorithms

Answer

Enforcing strict access control mechanisms

Answer

Applying data anonymization techniques

Question 51

For a large financial dataset that demands high security to safeguard sensitive information, which data compression method is most suitable?

Accepted Answer

Lossless compression (Huffman coding)

Answer

Lossy compression (JPEG)

Answer

Hybrid compression (JPEG 2000)

Answer

Run-length encoding (RLE)

Question 52

Which of the following is not a defining characteristic of big data?

Accepted Answer

High accuracy

Answer

Massive volume

Answer

Wide variety

Answer

Rapid velocity

Question 53

Which data storage model is commonly employed for managing large-scale, distributed datasets in big data systems?

Accepted Answer

Key-value store

Answer

Relational database

Answer

Object-oriented database

Answer

Document-oriented database

Question 54

What is the primary objective of data partitioning in big data systems?

Accepted Answer

Enhance data locality and reduce network overhead

Answer

Bolster data security and privacy measures

Answer

Optimize query performance and efficiency

Answer

Facilitate data replication and fault tolerance

Question 55

What is the central role of Hadoop in the context of big data systems?

Accepted Answer

A distributed computing framework for processing vast datasets

Answer

A database management system for storing and querying big data

Answer

A data visualization tool for exploring big data

Answer

A cloud computing platform for deploying big data applications

Question 56

What is the primary purpose of data pipelines in big data systems?

Accepted Answer

To automate the processes of data ingestion, transformation, and analysis

Answer

To provide real-time data access for various applications

Answer

To guarantee data consistency and integrity

Answer

To enhance data visualization capabilities

Question 57

Describe the fundamental difference between a data lake and a data warehouse.

Accepted Answer

A data lake stores raw data in its native format, whereas a data warehouse stores structured data

Answer

A data lake prioritizes query optimization, while a data warehouse focuses on data storage efficiency

Answer

A data lake is managed by database administrators, while a data warehouse is managed by business analysts

Answer

There is no distinction between a data lake and a data warehouse

Question 58

Which data handling method is generally **not** suitable for big data environments due to potential data loss?

Accepted Answer

Deletion

Answer

Imputation

Answer

Clustering

Answer

Machine Learning

Question 59

To ensure compliance with legal and regulatory frameworks for big data management, which of the following is crucial?

Accepted Answer

Appoint a data protection officer

Answer

Ignore data privacy regulations

Answer

Acquire data without consent

Question 60

Which of the following are characteristics of big data?

Accepted Answer

Volume, Velocity, Variety

Answer

Atomicity, Durability, Isolation

Answer

Accuracy, Consistency, Timeliness

Answer

Portability, Scalability, Reusability

Question 61

Which of the following is NOT a type of NoSQL database?

Accepted Answer

Relational database

Answer

Key-value store

Answer

Document database

Answer

Graph database

Question 62

Which of the following is a technique used for processing and analyzing large datasets in big data environments?

Accepted Answer

MapReduce

Answer

Data warehousing

Answer

Entity-Relationship Modeling

Answer

Normalization

Question 63

Which of the following is a key challenge in managing big data?

Accepted Answer

Scalability and Performance

Answer

Data Security

Answer

Data Analysis

Answer

Data Integration

Question 64

Which of the following is a potential benefit of leveraging big data analytics?

Accepted Answer

Improved Decision Making

Answer

Enhanced Data Integrity

Answer

Reduced Data Redundancy

Answer

Increased Data Storage