Carboxylic Acids and Derivatives: Comprehensive Learning Quizzes

Question 1

Which of the following is the characteristic functional group of carboxylic acids?

Accepted Answer

-COOH

Answer

-OH

Answer

-NH2

Answer

-CH3

Question 2

What is the general formula for an ester?

Accepted Answer

RCOOR'

Answer

RCOOH

Answer

RCONH2

Answer

RCOCl

Question 3

Which of the following compounds has the highest boiling point?

Accepted Answer

Butanoic acid

Answer

Ethyl acetate

Answer

Butylamine

Answer

Butane

Question 4

What is the conjugate base of a carboxylic acid?

Accepted Answer

Carboxylate anion

Answer

Carboxylic acid anion

Answer

Carboxylic acid salt

Answer

Hydroxide anion

Question 5

Which of the following carboxylic acids is the strongest?

Accepted Answer

Formic acid

Answer

Acetic acid

Answer

Propanoic acid

Answer

Butyric acid

Question 6

What type of reaction takes place when a nucleophile attacks the carbonyl carbon of a carboxylic acid derivative?

Accepted Answer

Nucleophilic acyl substitution

Answer

Electrophilic aromatic substitution

Answer

Radical addition

Answer

Pericyclic reactions

Question 7

Using which spectroscopic technique is the presence of an amide group in an organic molecule determined?

Accepted Answer

Infrared spectroscopy

Answer

Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy

Answer

Mass spectrometry

Answer

Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy

Question 8

In a carboxylic acid, what is the hybridization of the carbon atom in the carbonyl group?

Accepted Answer

sp2

Answer

sp

Answer

sp3

Answer

sp3d

Question 9

Which of the following is a characteristic physical property of carboxylic acids?

Accepted Answer

High boiling point

Answer

Solubility in organic solvents

Answer

Low acidity

Answer

Strong oxidizing agent

Question 10

Which of the following compounds is not a derivative of carboxylic acid?

Accepted Answer

Ketone

Answer

Ester

Answer

Amide

Answer

Acid chloride

Question 11

How does resonance stabilization affect the acidity of carboxylic acids?

Accepted Answer

It lowers the energy of the carboxylate ion, making it more stable and more likely to form.

Answer

It increases the energy of the carboxylate ion, making it less stable and less likely to form.

Answer

It has no effect on the energy of the carboxylate ion.

Answer

It only occurs in carboxylic acids with a conjugated double bond.

Question 12

Which ester is widely used in the food industry to impart a fruity flavor to candies and baked goods?

Accepted Answer

Methyl acetate

Answer

Ethyl chloride

Answer

Acetic anhydride

Question 13

Revised: Which reagent, when reacted with a carboxylic acid, yields an ester?

Accepted Answer

Sodium ethoxide

Answer

Sodium hydroxide

Answer

Sodium bicarbonate

Answer

Sodium chloride

Question 14

Revised: The characteristic functional group of amides is:

Accepted Answer

-CONH2

Answer

-COOH

Answer

-OH

Answer

-NH2

Question 15

Revised: Which reaction pathway can be employed to synthesize an acid chloride?

Accepted Answer

Carboxylic acid + SOCl2

Answer

Carboxylic acid + NaOH

Answer

Carboxylic acid + NH3

Answer

Carboxylic acid + H2O

Question 16

Revised: The hybridization state of the carbon atom in the carbonyl group of a carboxylic acid is:

Accepted Answer

sp2

Answer

sp

Answer

sp3

Answer

sp3d

Question 17

Revised: When a carboxylic acid reacts with an alcohol in the presence of an acid catalyst, the resulting reaction type is:

Accepted Answer

Esterification

Answer

Amide formation

Answer

Acid chloride formation

Answer

Neutralization

Question 18

Revised: The product formed from the reaction of an acid chloride with an amine is:

Accepted Answer

Amide

Answer

Ester

Answer

Carboxylic acid

Answer

Alcohol

Question 19

Which carboxylic acid is the most acidic?

Accepted Answer

Formic acid, pKa=3.75

Answer

Acetic acid, pKa=4.76

Answer

Benzoic acid, pKa=4.20

Answer

Propanoic acid, pKa=4.87

Question 20

Which is the product of the reaction between an ester and a strong base, for instance, sodium hydroxide?

Accepted Answer

Carboxylic acid (e.g., CH3COOH) and alcohol (e.g., CH3OH)

Answer

Amide and alcohol

Answer

Ketone and alcohol

Answer

Aldehyde and alcohol

Question 21

Which method is commonly used for preparing amides?

Accepted Answer

Reaction of an acid chloride (e.g., CH3COCl) with an amine (e.g., NH3)

Answer

Reaction of an ester (e.g., CH3COOCH3) with an amine

Answer

Reaction of an alcohol (e.g., CH3OH) with an ammonia

Answer

Reaction of a ketone (e.g., CH3COCH3) with an amine

Question 22

Which reaction is characteristic of acid chlorides?

Accepted Answer

Nucleophilic acyl substitution (e.g., reaction with alcohols, amines)

Answer

Electrophilic addition (e.g., reaction with alkenes)

Answer

Free radical substitution (e.g., reaction with halogens)

Answer

Diels-Alder reaction (e.g., reaction with conjugated dienes)

Question 23

What is the major product of the reaction between an acid chloride and an alcohol?

Accepted Answer

Ester (e.g., CH3COOCH3)

Answer

Amide

Answer

Ketone

Answer

Aldehyde

Question 24

Which functional group is present in both esters and amides?

Accepted Answer

-C(=O)-O-

Answer

-COOH

Answer

-C(=O)-NH2

Answer

-OH

Question 25

What is the IUPAC name of the compound CH3CH2COOH?

Accepted Answer

Propanoic acid

Answer

Butanoic acid

Answer

Pentanoic acid

Answer

Hexanoic acid

Question 26

Which of the following factors contributes to formic acid being more acidic than acetic acid?

Accepted Answer

Formic acid has a stronger electron-withdrawing inductive effect than acetic acid.

Answer

Formic acid has a smaller molecular weight than acetic acid.

Answer

Acetic acid has more resonance structures than formic acid.

Answer

Formic acid has a weaker hydrogen bond than acetic acid.

Question 27

Which carboxylic acid has the lowest boiling point due to weaker intermolecular forces?

Accepted Answer

Formic acid

Answer

Acetic acid

Answer

Propionic acid

Answer

Butyric acid

Question 28

Which carboxylic acid has the strongest acidity due to inductive effects?

Accepted Answer

Formic acid (HCOOH)

Answer

Butanoic acid (C3H7COOH)

Answer

Acetic acid (CH3COOH)

Answer

Propanoic acid (C2H5COOH)

Question 29

Which reaction type produces an ester?

Accepted Answer

Carboxylic acid + Alcohol

Answer

Carboxylic acid + Acid chloride

Answer

Carboxylic acid + Amine

Answer

Carboxylic acid + Aldehyde

Question 30

What are the products of amide hydrolysis?

Accepted Answer

Carboxylic acid + Amine

Answer

Ester + Amide

Answer

Alcohol + Amide

Question 31

Which functional group has the highest priority for oxidation?

Accepted Answer

Acid chloride

Answer

Ester

Answer

Carboxylic acid

Answer

Amide

Question 32

Classify the following reaction: CH3COOH + NaOH → CH3COONa + H2O

Accepted Answer

Neutralization

Answer

Amide formation

Answer

Esterification

Answer

Alkylation

Question 33

Which of the following compounds is a cyclic anhydride?

Accepted Answer

(CH3CO)2O

Answer

CH3CONH2

Answer

CH3COOCH3

Answer

CH3COCl

Question 34

Which reagent can convert an acid chloride to an ester?

Accepted Answer

Alcohol

Answer

Carboxylic acid

Answer

Amine

Answer

Aldehyde

Question 35

Which reaction converts an amide to a carboxylic acid?

Accepted Answer

Hydrolysis

Answer

Decarboxylation

Answer

Esterification

Answer

Saponification

Question 36

Which compound is NOT a derivative of carboxylic acids?

Accepted Answer

Aldehyde

Answer

Ester

Answer

Acid chloride

Answer

Amide

Question 37

What is the product of the reaction between an acyl chloride and an alcohol?

Accepted Answer

Ester

Answer

Amide

Answer

Ketone

Question 38

Which of the following reactions would yield an amide?

Accepted Answer

Reaction between an acyl chloride and an amine

Answer

Reaction between an acid and a ketone

Answer

Reaction between an aldehyde and an amine

Answer

Reaction between an ester and an alcohol

Question 39

Which of the following is a characteristic IR absorption band for carboxylic acids?

Accepted Answer

1710-1760 cm^-1

Answer

1600-1680 cm^-1

Answer

2500-3000 cm^-1

Answer

3200-3600 cm^-1

Question 40

What is the major product of the following reaction: CH3CH2COOH + NaOH →?

Accepted Answer

CH3CH2COONa

Answer

CH3CH2OH

Answer

CH3CH2Cl

Question 41

Which of the following compounds is a stronger electrophile?

Accepted Answer

Acetyl chloride

Answer

Methyl acetate

Answer

Acetamide

Answer

Acetic acid

Question 42

What is the name of the reaction in which an ester is hydrolyzed to form a carboxylic acid and an alcohol?

Accepted Answer

Saponification

Answer

Esterification

Answer

Neutralization

Answer

Transesterification

Question 43

Which of the following carboxylic acids has the lowest pKa value, indicating the strongest acidity?

Accepted Answer

Formic acid

Answer

Propionic acid

Answer

Acetic acid

Question 44

What is the primary product formed when a carboxylic acid reacts with an alcohol in the presence of an acid catalyst?

Accepted Answer

Ester

Answer

Acid chloride

Answer

Amide

Answer

Ketone

Question 45

Hydrolysis of an amide typically yields which two products?

Accepted Answer

Carboxylic acid and amine

Answer

Ester and water

Answer

Alcohol and amine

Answer

Ketone and ammonia

Question 46

Which of the following reagents is commonly used to convert a carboxylic acid to an acid chloride?

Accepted Answer

Thionyl chloride (SOCl2)

Answer

Ethanol

Answer

Ammonia (NH3)

Answer

Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)

Question 47

What is the hybridization of the carbon atom in the carbonyl group (C=O) of carboxylic acids?

Accepted Answer

sp2

Answer

sp3

Answer

sp

Answer

sp3d

Question 48

Which of the following carboxylic acids has the highest boiling point due to stronger intermolecular forces?

Accepted Answer

Butanoic acid

Answer

Ethanoic acid

Answer

Methanoic acid

Answer

Propanoic acid

Question 49

Which of the following compounds is an example of a cyclic carboxylic acid?

Accepted Answer

Cyclohexanecarboxylic acid

Answer

Benzoic acid

Answer

Acetic acid

Answer

Butyric acid

Question 50

Which of the following compounds is the strongest acid?

Accepted Answer

CH3COOH (Acetic acid)

Answer

H2O (Water)

Answer

CH3CH2OH (Ethanol)

Answer

CH3NH2 (Methylamine)

Question 51

What is the product formed when an acid chloride reacts with an alcohol?

Accepted Answer

Ester

Answer

Aldehyde

Answer

Ketone

Answer

Amide

Question 52

Which type of reaction is primarily used to synthesize amides?

Accepted Answer

Condensation reaction

Answer

Substitution reaction

Answer

Addition reaction

Question 53

What is the hybridization state of the carbonyl carbon atom in carboxylic acids?

Accepted Answer

sp2

Answer

sp3d

Answer

sp

Answer

sp3

Question 54

Which of the following infrared (IR) absorption bands is characteristic of carboxylic acids?

Accepted Answer

1710 cm-1 (C=O stretch)

Answer

2900 cm-1 (C-H stretch)

Answer

1650 cm-1 (C=C stretch)

Answer

3300 cm-1 (O-H stretch)

Question 55

What is the IUPAC name for the compound with the following structure: CH3CH2CH(COOH)CH3?

Accepted Answer

3-Methylbutanoic acid

Answer

3-Methylpentanoic acid

Answer

2-Methylpentanoic acid

Answer

2-Methylbutanoic acid

Question 56

Which reagent can be used to convert an acid chloride to a carboxylic acid?

Accepted Answer

Water (H2O)

Answer

Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)

Answer

Ammonia (NH3)

Answer

Ethanol (CH3CH2OH)

Question 57

What is the hybridization of the nitrogen atom in amides?

Accepted Answer

sp2

Answer

sp3d

Answer

sp3

Answer

sp

Question 58

What is the product formed when a carboxylic acid reacts with a base?

Accepted Answer

Carboxylate salt

Answer

Ester

Answer

Acid chloride

Answer

Amide