Social Psychology in Action: Apply Principles to Real-World Issues

Question 1

In social psychology, which theory explains the tendency for people to favor their own group over others?

Accepted Answer

Social Identity Theory

Answer

Cognitive Dissonance Theory

Answer

Attribution Theory

Answer

Social Learning Theory

Question 2

What motivates people to change their behavior when their beliefs and actions don't match up, according to cognitive dissonance theory?

Accepted Answer

A need to keep beliefs and actions consistent

Answer

A fear of negative outcomes

Answer

A desire for social approval

Answer

A wish to save mental energy

Question 3

How does our social environment typically affect our behavior, according to social psychology?

Accepted Answer

It shapes our values and beliefs.

Answer

It has no significant impact on our choices.

Answer

It only influences our behavior in large groups.

Answer

It only influences our behavior when explicitly stated.

Question 4

Which fundamental principle of social psychology highlights the significant influence of the social context on individuals' behavior?

Accepted Answer

Social behavior is primarily shaped by the social environment.

Answer

Behavior is solely driven by biological and genetic factors.

Answer

Social psychology primarily examines social institutions and their impact on individuals.

Answer

Social psychology is a branch of economics that explores economic influences on social behavior.

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a recognized perspective within the field of social psychology?

Accepted Answer

Astrological

Answer

Cognitive

Answer

Behavioral

Answer

Evolutionary

Question 6

Which social psychology perspective emphasizes the influence of unconscious processes and early life experiences?

Accepted Answer

Psychoanalytic perspective

Answer

Social-cognitive perspective

Answer

Behavioral perspective

Answer

Evolutionary perspective

Question 7

In social psychology, which concept describes the tendency for people to favor their own social group and potentially discriminate against those seen as outsiders or belonging to different groups?

Accepted Answer

Ethnocentrism

Answer

Cognitive dissonance

Answer

Social facilitation

Answer

Group polarization

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a direct factor influencing conformity in social psychology?

Accepted Answer

Personal beliefs and values

Answer

Group size and composition

Answer

Unanimity or presence of a dissenting opinion

Answer

Social status and power dynamics

Question 9

Within social psychology, which perspective highlights the profound influence of social context on shaping an individual's actions and thoughts?

Accepted Answer

Sociocultural Perspective

Answer

Intrapersonal Perspective

Answer

Biopsychosocial Perspective

Answer

Behavioral Perspective

Question 10

In social psychology, what is the term for the tendency for people to favor members of their own group over outsiders?

Accepted Answer

Ingroup bias

Answer

Conformity

Answer

Cognitive dissonance

Answer

Obedience

Question 11

In social psychology, ingroup bias refers to the tendency of individuals to:

Accepted Answer

Favor their own group, regardless of its merits.

Answer

Cooperate more with their own group members.

Answer

Conform to norms set by their own group.

Answer

Show less prejudice towards their own group members.

Question 12

In social psychology, which perspective focuses on how an individual's beliefs, thoughts, and attitudes shape their behavior and interactions?

Accepted Answer

Cognitive perspective

Answer

Intrapersonal perspective

Answer

Sociocultural perspective

Answer

Behavioral perspective

Question 13

In social psychology, which perspective emphasizes the powerful impact of social situations on an individual's thoughts and actions?

Accepted Answer

Situational perspective

Answer

Dispositional perspective

Answer

Biological perspective

Answer

Evolutionary perspective

Question 14

In social identity theory, what is essential for shaping an individual's self-concept?

Accepted Answer

Identification with social groups

Answer

Positive views of one's group

Answer

Negative views of other groups

Answer

Belief in the superiority of one's group

Question 15

In social psychology, which perspective prioritizes the influence of evolutionary forces on human behavior and cognition, rather than focusing on mental processes or observable actions?

Accepted Answer

Evolutionary psychology

Answer

Cognitive perspective

Answer

Behavioral perspective

Answer

Social-cognitive perspective

Question 16

Which perspective in social psychology emphasizes the role of individuals' thoughts, beliefs, and attitudes in shaping their social behavior?

Accepted Answer

Social-cognitive perspective

Answer

Evolutionary perspective

Answer

Sociocultural perspective

Answer

Behavioral perspective

Question 17

In social psychology, which perspective highlights the impact of social contexts on individual behavior?

Accepted Answer

Social constructivist perspective

Answer

Biological perspective

Answer

Cognitive perspective

Answer

Evolutionary perspective

Question 18

According to cognitive dissonance theory, what primarily motivates individuals to maintain consistency between their beliefs and actions?

Accepted Answer

Reduce psychological discomfort

Answer

Gain social approval

Answer

Enhance self-esteem

Answer

Avoid negative consequences

Question 19

In social psychology, which perspective emphasizes the impact of social and cultural factors on individual behavior?

Accepted Answer

Sociocultural Perspective

Answer

Social-Cognitive Perspective

Answer

Biological Perspective

Answer

Evolutionary Perspective

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of group members exhibiting groupthink, according to Irving Janis's theory?

Accepted Answer

Critically evaluating alternative perspectives

Answer

Seeking consensus at all costs

Answer

Exaggerating the group's abilities

Answer

Ignoring input from outside experts

Question 21

What fundamental assumption sets social psychology apart from other psychology disciplines?

Accepted Answer

Social psychology highlights the influence of social situations and interactions on behavior.

Answer

Social psychology exclusively examines internal factors affecting behavior.

Answer

Social psychology principles apply universally across all cultures and contexts.

Answer

Social psychology assumes unconscious processes primarily drive individual behaviors.

Question 22

According to the Elaboration Likelihood Model, which of the following does NOT influence attitude change?

Accepted Answer

Distractions

Answer

Source credibility

Answer

Message complexity

Answer

Personal relevance

Question 23

Which perspective in social psychology focuses on the impact of unconscious processes and childhood experiences on adult behavior?

Accepted Answer

Psychodynamic perspective

Answer

Social cognitive perspective

Answer

Evolutionary perspective

Answer

Behavioral perspective

Question 24

What is a fundamental principle of social psychology?

Accepted Answer

Social behavior is influenced by interactions between individuals and their environment.

Answer

Behavior is solely determined by internal thoughts and emotions.

Answer

Social psychology is not a scientific field.

Answer

Social psychologists focus on studying abnormal behavior.

Question 25

Which perspective is **NOT** a central focus in social psychology?

Accepted Answer

Psychoanalytic

Answer

Biological

Answer

Cognitive

Answer

Evolutionary

Question 26

What is the most accurate definition of social psychology?

Accepted Answer

The study of how individuals and groups think, feel, and behave in social situations.

Answer

The study of how society influences individual behavior.

Answer

The study of how culture shapes psychological processes.

Answer

The study of how biology affects social behavior.

Question 27

Which perspective in social psychology highlights the significant impact of social situations on an individual's behavior?

Accepted Answer

Situational perspective

Answer

Biological perspective

Answer

Cognitive perspective

Question 28

In social psychology, which of these is a key concept?

Accepted Answer

Social perception

Accepted Answer

Attitude change

Answer

Physiological processes

Answer

Genetic predisposition

Question 29

In social psychology, which approach emphasizes understanding the individual's thoughts, feelings, and motivations?

Accepted Answer

Intrapersonal

Answer

Interpersonal

Answer

Sociocultural

Answer

Biological

Question 30

Which perspective is NOT a core theoretical approach in social psychology?

Accepted Answer

Humanistic perspective

Answer

Social cognitive perspective

Answer

Sociocultural perspective

Answer

Evolutionary perspective

Question 31

In social psychology, which perspective is NOT considered a primary framework for understanding social behavior?

Accepted Answer

Psychodynamic

Answer

Cognitive

Answer

Behavioral

Question 32

Where would you expect social psychology to be least applicable?

Accepted Answer

Quantum Physics

Answer

Education

Answer

Business

Answer

Healthcare

Question 33

Cognitive dissonance theory focuses on the discomfort caused by holding two or more conflicting beliefs. Which of the following is a key element of this theory?

Accepted Answer

The presence of conflicting beliefs

Answer

The belief in the correctness of one's own behavior

Answer

The tendency to seek information that supports existing beliefs

Question 34

Which perspective is NOT considered a core foundation of social psychology?

Accepted Answer

Psychoanalytic Perspective

Answer

Cognitive Perspective

Answer

Evolutionary Perspective

Answer

Behavioural Perspective

Question 35

What is the primary focus of social psychology?

Accepted Answer

Investigating the social factors that influence people's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors.

Answer

Examining an individual's internal thoughts and feelings in isolation.

Answer

Utilizing only qualitative research methods in its studies.

Answer

Having no practical applications in the real world.

Question 36

In an emergency, which action is an example of prosocial behavior?

Accepted Answer

Helping injured people and joining rescue efforts

Answer

Taking supplies from others to survive

Answer

Keeping resources and not sharing with others

Question 37

In the Asch conformity experiment, why did participants conform to the incorrect majority response, despite privately disagreeing with it?

Accepted Answer

Informational influence

Answer

Social loafing

Answer

Groupthink

Answer

Obedience to authority

Question 38

Groupthink occurs when group members prioritize maintaining _____, even if it hinders critical thinking and independent judgment.

Accepted Answer

An illusion of consensus

Answer

A respectful exchange of ideas

Answer

A focus on long-term planning

Answer

A high tolerance for ambiguity

Question 39

In groupthink, which of the following describes the tendency for members to avoid expressing differing opinions to preserve group harmony?

Accepted Answer

Conformity pressure

Answer

Social loafing

Answer

Group polarization

Question 40

Cognitive dissonance theory centers on the idea of:

Accepted Answer

The discomfort we feel when our beliefs clash.

Answer

Seeking out information that contradicts our beliefs.

Answer

Unconsciously aligning beliefs with our actions.

Answer

Believing our culture is superior to others.

Question 41

Which perspective highlights the influence of learning and conditioning on social behavior?

Accepted Answer

Behaviorism

Answer

Cognitive-affective

Answer

Social constructivism

Answer

Evolutionary psychology

Question 42

Which of the following is typically NOT a factor that motivates individuals to engage in prosocial behavior?

Accepted Answer

Self-interest

Answer

Empathy

Answer

Self-esteem

Answer

Altruism

Question 43

What is the defining characteristic of social psychology?

Accepted Answer

Examines how social norms and cultural values influence behavior

Answer

Emphasizes biological factors in social behavior

Answer

Focuses on individual personality differences

Answer

Relies solely on qualitative research methods

Question 44

In social psychology, which perspective is NOT considered a primary approach?

Accepted Answer

Motivational

Answer

Social-cognitive

Answer

Behavioral

Question 45

Which perspective is typically NOT considered a core perspective in social psychology?

Accepted Answer

Psychodynamic perspective

Answer

Cognitive perspective

Answer

Sociocultural perspective

Answer

Evolutionary perspective

Question 46

According to cognitive dissonance theory, individuals experiencing psychological discomfort due to conflicting beliefs tend to:

Accepted Answer

Adjust their beliefs or actions to minimize the inconsistency

Answer

Seek information that aligns with their current beliefs

Answer

Avoid situations that highlight the inconsistency

Answer

Disregard the inconsistencies entirely

Question 47

Which intervention has been proven to effectively promote positive attitudes between different groups in the context of prejudice reduction?

Accepted Answer

Emphasizing shared identities and common goals

Answer

Punishing individuals for prejudice

Answer

Separating groups from each other

Answer

Providing financial incentives for intergroup interactions

Question 48

Which perspective is NOT a recognized approach within the field of social psychology?

Accepted Answer

Freudian

Answer

Cognitive

Answer

Biological

Answer

Evolutionary

Question 49

Which intervention is most effective in reducing prejudice?

Accepted Answer

Intergroup contact theory

Answer

Subliminal messaging

Answer

Mere exposure to outgroup members

Answer

Cognitive dissonance

Question 50

Which principle of social psychology is crucial for reducing prejudice and promoting harmony between different groups?

Accepted Answer

Attitude change towards outgroups influences behavioral outcomes

Answer

Conformity to the views of perceived ingroup members

Answer

Increased likelihood of helping those perceived as different

Answer

Prejudice is an inherent and unchangeable human trait

Question 51

Identify an instance of prosocial behavior from the following scenarios:

Accepted Answer

An individual assisting a stranger with carrying heavy bags

Answer

A politician delivering a speech emphasizing the significance of voting

Answer

A student preparing for an upcoming examination

Answer

A group of friends engaged in casual conversation

Question 52

What is a potential challenge that can arise from promoting diversity and inclusion in the workplace?

Accepted Answer

Potential for increased miscommunication and conflict

Answer

Enhanced cognitive functioning

Answer

Increased employee engagement

Answer

Improved customer satisfaction

Question 53

Which combination of factors is most likely to encourage pro-environmental behavior?

Accepted Answer

Positive attitudes towards the environment, strong environmental values, and a desire to conform to social norms

Answer

Negative attitudes towards the environment, weak environmental values, and a desire to rebel against social norms

Answer

Positive attitudes towards the environment, weak environmental values, and a desire to conform to social norms

Answer

Negative attitudes towards the environment, strong environmental values, and a desire to rebel against social norms

Question 54

Which statement best describes the strengths and weaknesses of different research methods in social psychology?

Accepted Answer

Quantitative methods are better for large groups, while qualitative methods offer deeper insights into individual experiences.

Accepted Answer

Mixed-methods approaches combine the strengths of both methods, but can be more time-consuming.

Answer

Qualitative methods are superior to quantitative methods because they provide more control.

Answer

The choice of method depends only on the researcher's preference, as all methods are equally valid.

Question 55

According to social identity theory, how does group membership contribute to discrimination?

Accepted Answer

Dominant group members develop negative stereotypes about outgroup members, creating a need for social distance.

Answer

Competition between groups for limited resources naturally leads to discrimination.

Answer

Discrimination is solely caused by individual differences in personality traits, such as prejudice.

Question 56

Which strategy has proven most effective in reducing prejudice and promoting cooperation between different groups?

Accepted Answer

Contact between group members under positive conditions

Answer

Educational campaigns highlighting the harmful effects of prejudice

Answer

Legal measures punishing discriminatory behavior

Question 57

To effectively reduce aggression, which approach is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Incorporate both individual and contextual factors, tailoring strategies to specific populations and settings.

Answer

Focus solely on individual cognitive distortions and maladaptive beliefs.

Answer

Prioritize contextual factors, such as poverty and social inequality, over individual-level interventions.

Answer

Acknowledge that social psychological interventions cannot effectively reduce aggression due to its biological and evolutionary basis.

Question 58

How does social media influence social behavior? Discuss both the positive and negative effects of social media on individuals and society.

Accepted Answer

The impact of social media on individuals and society is multifaceted, involving both positive and negative effects.

Answer

Social media has exclusively positive effects, enhancing communication, fostering community, and promoting activism.

Answer

Social media merely reinforces existing social norms and behaviors, lacking any significant impact on attitudes or behavior change.

Answer

Social media primarily leads to negative outcomes, including cyberbullying, addiction, and social division.

Question 59

Which approach aligns with social psychology principles for effectively promoting environmental sustainability?

Accepted Answer

Emphasizing the personal benefits and relevance of adopting sustainable practices

Answer

Using fear-inducing messages about environmental consequences

Answer

Using complex scientific language to explain environmental issues

Question 60

In social psychology research, which ethical principle prioritizes minimizing participants' discomfort and harm, safeguarding their physical and psychological well-being?

Accepted Answer

Beneficence

Answer

Justice

Answer

Fidelity

Question 61

How do social norms influence our behavior? Discuss the different types and origins of social norms, and explain their impact on our thoughts, emotions, and actions.

Accepted Answer

Social norms are informal guidelines that shape our behavior in social situations, influencing our thoughts, feelings, and actions.

Answer

Social norms are only enforced through legal consequences, ensuring adherence to societal expectations.

Answer

Social norms have a negligible impact on individual behavior, as personal beliefs and desires drive our actions.

Answer

Social norms are immutable and unchanging, remaining consistent across different cultures and historical periods.

Question 62

Which principle of prejudice reduction involves increasing positive interactions between groups?

Accepted Answer

Contact theory

Answer

Cognitive dissonance theory

Answer

Social exchange theory

Answer

Expectancy-value theory

Question 63

When applying social psychology principles to real-world problems, it is essential to:

Accepted Answer

Consider cultural and contextual factors

Answer

Rely solely on established theories

Answer

Ignore practical constraints

Answer

Focus exclusively on individual-level interventions

Question 64

Which research method is commonly used in social psychology to investigate real-world applications?

Accepted Answer

Field experiments

Answer

Laboratory experiments

Answer

Qualitative interviews

Answer

Meta-analyses