Gas Laws: Boyle's, Charles's, Gay-Lussac's, and Ideal Gas Law

Question 1

According to Boyle's law, the volume of a gas is inversely proportional to its:

Accepted Answer

Pressure (in atm)

Answer

Temperature (in Kelvin)

Answer

Number of moles (in mol)

Answer

Mass (in g)

Question 2

Charles's law states that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its:

Accepted Answer

Temperature (in Kelvin)

Answer

Pressure (in atm)

Answer

Number of moles (in mol)

Answer

Density (in g/L)

Question 3

In the context of gas laws, what is the significance of Avogadro's number?

Accepted Answer

Relates the number of gas particles to their volume

Answer

Describes the relationship between pressure and temperature

Answer

Determines the molar mass of gases

Answer

Predicts the rate of gas law reactions

Question 4

Which gas law describes the relationship between the volume and temperature of a gas at constant pressure?

Accepted Answer

Charles's law

Answer

Boyle's law

Answer

Gay-Lussac's law

Answer

Dalton's law

Question 5

A sample of gas occupies 5.0 L at 25 °C. What volume will it occupy at 50 °C, assuming constant pressure?

Accepted Answer

7.5 L

Answer

2.5 L

Answer

5.0 L

Answer

10.0 L

Question 6

Which gas law describes the relationship between the pressure and volume of a gas at constant temperature?

Accepted Answer

Boyle's law

Answer

Charles's law

Answer

Gay-Lussac's law

Answer

Dalton's law

Question 7

What is the value of the ideal gas constant (R) in L·atm/(mol·K)?

Accepted Answer

8.314

Answer

0.0821

Answer

0.821

Answer

82.1

Question 8

Which gas law describes the inverse relationship between the pressure and volume of a gas at constant temperature?

Accepted Answer

Boyle's law

Answer

Charles's law

Answer

Gay-Lussac's law

Answer

Ideal gas law

Question 9

A gas sample has a volume of 2.5 L at 25°C. If the temperature is increased to 50°C while the pressure remains constant, what will be the new volume of the gas?

Accepted Answer

5.0 L

Answer

1.25 L

Answer

2.5 L

Answer

10.0 L

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT an assumption of the ideal gas law?

Accepted Answer

Gas particles exert attractive forces on each other

Answer

Gas particles have negligible volume

Answer

Gas particles move randomly and collide elastically

Answer

Gas particles have constant average kinetic energy

Question 11

According to the kinetic molecular theory of gases, the average kinetic energy of gas particles is:

Accepted Answer

Proportional to the temperature

Answer

Fixed

Answer

Inversely proportional to the volume

Answer

Dependent on the pressure

Question 12

According to Boyle's law, at constant temperature, the volume of a gas:

Accepted Answer

Is inversely proportional to its pressure.

Answer

Is directly proportional to its pressure.

Answer

Is inversely proportional to the square of its pressure.

Answer

Is directly proportional to the square of its pressure.

Question 13

Charles's law states that the volume of an ideal gas at constant pressure:

Accepted Answer

Is directly proportional to its temperature.

Answer

Is inversely proportional to its temperature.

Answer

Is independent of its temperature.

Answer

Is inversely proportional to the square of its temperature.

Question 14

Which of the following factors does NOT affect the pressure of a gas?

Accepted Answer

Molecular weight

Answer

Temperature

Answer

Volume

Answer

Number of moles

Question 15

The ideal gas law is a combination of:

Accepted Answer

Boyle's law, Charles's law, and Gay-Lussac's law

Answer

Boyle's law and Charles's law

Answer

Charles's law and Gay-Lussac's law

Answer

Avogadro's law and Dalton's law

Question 16

Which of the following gases exhibits the most significant deviations from ideal gas behavior at high pressures and low temperatures?

Accepted Answer

Carbon dioxide

Answer

Hydrogen

Answer

Oxygen

Answer

Helium

Question 17

The root mean square (rms) speed of a gas molecule is proportional to:

Accepted Answer

Temperature

Answer

Pressure

Answer

Volume

Answer

Mass

Question 18

The molar mass of an unknown gas can be calculated using:

Accepted Answer

The ideal gas law

Answer

Avogadro's law

Answer

Charles's law

Answer

Gay-Lussac's law

Question 19

Boyle's law describes the relationship between which two variables?

Accepted Answer

Volume and Pressure

Answer

Volume and Temperature

Answer

Temperature and Pressure

Answer

Pressure and Number of moles

Question 20

Charles's law states that the volume of a gas at constant pressure is directly proportional to its:

Accepted Answer

Temperature

Answer

Pressure

Answer

Number of moles

Answer

Density

Question 21

The ideal gas law equation is:

Accepted Answer

PV = nRT

Answer

V/T = constant

Answer

P/V = constant

Answer

n/T = constant

Question 22

A mixture of gases has a total pressure of 1.2 atm. The partial pressure of nitrogen is 0.8 atm. What is the partial pressure of oxygen?

Accepted Answer

0.2 atm

Answer

0.4 atm

Answer

0.6 atm

Answer

1.0 atm

Question 23

The SI unit of pressure is the:

Accepted Answer

Pascal

Answer

Joule

Answer

Kelvin

Answer

Liter

Question 24

Summarize the fundamental assumptions of the ideal gas law and explain its limitations, identifying conditions where it may not be applicable.

Accepted Answer

The ideal gas law assumes gas particles are perfectly elastic, non-interacting, and have negligible volume.

Answer

The ideal gas law can accurately predict the behavior of all gases under all conditions.

Answer

The ideal gas law is only applicable to monatomic gases.

Answer

The assumptions of the ideal gas law are universally valid, holding true under all circumstances.

Question 25

According to Boyle's law, when the temperature of a gas remains constant, the gas's volume is:

Accepted Answer

Inversely proportional to its pressure

Answer

Directly proportional to its number of moles

Answer

Directly proportional to its temperature

Answer

Not affected by its pressure

Question 26

According to Charles's law, when a gas is held at constant pressure, its volume is:

Accepted Answer

Directly proportional to its temperature (in Kelvin)

Answer

Inversely proportional to its pressure

Answer

Directly proportional to its number of moles

Answer

Not affected by its temperature

Question 27

The ideal gas law combines Boyle's, Charles's, and Gay-Lussac's laws to describe the behavior of an ideal gas under various conditions. The ideal gas constant, R, is:

Accepted Answer

0.0821 Latm/(molK)

Answer

22.4 L

Answer

8.314 J/(molK)

Answer

1 atm

Question 28

A balloon filled with air at room temperature is placed in a freezer. According to Charles's law, what will happen to the volume of the balloon?

Accepted Answer

Decrease

Answer

Increase

Answer

Become unpredictable

Answer

Remain the same

Question 29

Which of the following gases is likely to behave most ideally under conditions of high pressure and low temperature?

Accepted Answer

Helium (He)

Answer

Oxygen (O2)

Answer

Carbon dioxide (CO2)

Answer

Ammonia (NH3)

Question 30

The root mean square velocity of gas molecules is:

Accepted Answer

Proportional to the square root of the absolute temperature

Answer

Inversely proportional to the absolute temperature

Answer

Proportional to the absolute temperature

Question 31

Which of the following is an important assumption of the kinetic molecular theory?

Accepted Answer

Gas molecules are in constant, random motion.

Answer

Gas molecules are perfectly elastic and collide without energy loss.

Answer

Gas molecules occupy a significant portion of the volume of the container.

Question 32

According to Boyle's law, if the temperature of a gas is held constant, the pressure will vary:

Accepted Answer

Inversely with volume

Answer

Independently of volume

Answer

Directly with volume

Answer

Directly with temperature

Question 33

Charles's law states that the volume of a gas at constant pressure is:

Accepted Answer

Directly proportional to temperature

Answer

Inversely proportional to temperature

Answer

Inversely proportional to pressure

Answer

Constant

Question 34

The ideal gas law combines all the gas laws into one equation. Which of the following represents the ideal gas law?

Accepted Answer

PV = nRT

Answer

PV = nT

Answer

PV/T = nR

Question 35

A gas sample has a volume of 2.0 L at 25 °C. If the temperature is increased to 50 °C while the pressure remains constant, what will be the new volume?

Accepted Answer

4.0 L

Answer

2.5 L

Answer

5.0 L

Answer

1.0 L

Question 36

A closed container contains a mixture of gases. The partial pressure of oxygen is 0.6 atm, and the partial pressure of nitrogen is 1.2 atm. What is the total pressure in the container?

Accepted Answer

1.8 atm

Answer

2.4 atm

Answer

3.0 atm

Answer

0.3 atm

Question 37

Which of the following statements about the ideal gas law is true?

Accepted Answer

It is an approximation that applies to real gases at low pressures and high temperatures

Answer

It applies to liquids and solids

Answer

It is an exact equation that describes the behavior of all gases

Answer

It applies to all gases under all conditions

Question 38

A gas sample has a pressure of 0.8 atm at 25 °C. If the temperature is decreased to 15 °C while the volume remains constant, what will be the new pressure?

Accepted Answer

0.7 atm

Answer

1.0 atm

Answer

1.2 atm

Answer

0.4 atm

Question 39

Which of the following variables does NOT affect the behavior of a gas?

Accepted Answer

Mass

Answer

Volume

Answer

Pressure

Answer

Temperature

Question 40

A sample of gas at constant temperature is compressed to half its original volume. According to Boyle's Law, what happens to the pressure of the gas?

Accepted Answer

The pressure doubles.

Answer

The pressure remains the same.

Answer

The pressure increases by a factor of four.

Answer

The pressure is halved.

Question 41

A balloon filled with helium is heated. What happens to the volume of the balloon?

Accepted Answer

The volume increases.

Answer

The volume fluctuates unpredictably.

Answer

The volume remains the same.

Answer

The volume decreases.

Question 42

A sealed container of gas is heated from 25°C to 50°C. What happens to the pressure of the gas inside the container?

Accepted Answer

The pressure increases.

Answer

The pressure fluctuates unpredictably.

Answer

The pressure decreases.

Answer

The pressure remains the same.

Question 43

Which of the following is NOT a standard unit used in the ideal gas law?

Accepted Answer

Liters per mole (L/mol)

Answer

Moles (mol)

Answer

Kelvin (K)

Answer

Atmospheres (atm)

Question 44

A sample of gas occupies 2.5 L at a pressure of 1.0 atm. What volume will the gas occupy if the pressure is increased to 2.0 atm, assuming the temperature remains constant?

Accepted Answer

1.25 L

Answer

2.5 L

Answer

5.0 L

Answer

0.5 L

Question 45

A gas sample has a volume of 100 mL at 27°C. What will be its volume at 54°C if the pressure remains constant?

Accepted Answer

111 mL

Answer

50 mL

Answer

100 mL

Answer

200 mL

Question 46

A 1.5 L container of gas at 20°C has a pressure of 1.2 atm. What will the pressure be if the temperature is increased to 40°C while the volume remains constant?

Accepted Answer

1.32 atm

Answer

0.6 atm

Answer

1.2 atm

Question 47

A sample of gas contains 0.5 moles of gas at 25°C and 1.0 atm. What is the volume of the gas?

Accepted Answer

12.2 L

Answer

24.4 L

Answer

6.1 L

Question 48

Which of the following is a key assumption of the ideal gas law?

Accepted Answer

Gas particles have no volume.

Answer

Gas particles move at constant velocity.

Answer

Gas particles interact strongly with each other.

Answer

Gas particles have significant intermolecular forces.

Question 49

A gas sample is collected over water at 20°C. The total pressure measured is 770 mmHg. The vapor pressure of water at 20°C is 17.5 mmHg. What is the partial pressure of the gas?

Accepted Answer

752.5 mmHg

Answer

770 mmHg

Answer

17.5 mmHg

Question 50

According to Boyle's law, the volume of a gas at constant temperature varies:

Accepted Answer

Inversely with its pressure

Answer

Directly with its pressure

Answer

Directly with its temperature

Question 51

Charles's law states that when the pressure of a gas is constant, the volume of the gas:

Accepted Answer

Increases linearly with its absolute temperature

Answer

Increases logarithmically with its absolute temperature

Answer

Decreases linearly with its absolute temperature

Answer

Remains constant regardless of its absolute temperature

Question 52

Gay-Lussac's law states that when the volume of a gas is constant, the pressure of the gas:

Accepted Answer

Increases linearly with its absolute temperature

Answer

Decreases exponentially with its absolute temperature

Answer

Decreases linearly with its absolute temperature

Answer

Remains constant regardless of its absolute temperature

Question 53

The ideal gas law combines Boyle's law, Charles's law, and Gay-Lussac's law into a single equation:

Accepted Answer

PV = nRT

Answer

RnT = PV

Answer

nV = RT/P

Answer

PV = RT/n

Question 54

A container holds 10.0 L of gas at a pressure of 1.0 atm. If the temperature is increased from 25 °C to 50 °C, what will be the new volume of the gas?

Accepted Answer

11.0 L

Answer

9.0 L

Answer

12.0 L

Answer

13.0 L

Question 55

A gas sample has a volume of 2.0 L at a pressure of 2.0 atm. If the volume is decreased to 1.0 L, what will be the new pressure?

Accepted Answer

4.0 atm

Answer

2.0 atm

Answer

1.0 atm

Answer

6.0 atm

Question 56

A mixture of gases has a total pressure of 1.2 atm. If the partial pressure of nitrogen is 0.6 atm and the partial pressure of oxygen is 0.4 atm, what is the mole fraction of nitrogen in the mixture?

Accepted Answer

0.5

Answer

0.75

Answer

0.25

Question 57

A gas sample contains 1.0 mol of nitrogen, 2.0 mol of helium, and 3.0 mol of argon. If the total volume of the gas is 10.0 L, what is the partial pressure of helium?

Accepted Answer

2.0 atm

Answer

1.0 atm

Answer

6.0 atm

Answer

3.0 atm

Question 58

A gas sample is collected over water at a temperature of 25 °C and a pressure of 1.0 atm. If the vapor pressure of water at 25 °C is 0.03 atm, what is the partial pressure of the dry gas?

Accepted Answer

0.97 atm

Answer

1.00 atm

Answer

1.06 atm

Answer

1.03 atm

Question 59

A gas sample has a mass of 2.0 g and a volume of 1.0 L at a temperature of 25 °C. If the gas is identified as helium, what is the pressure of the gas?

Accepted Answer

1.9 atm

Answer

2.9 atm

Answer

0.9 atm

Answer

3.9 atm