Historical and Theoretical Foundations of Community Health Nursing: Practice-Shaping Insights

Question 1

Credited as the founder of modern community health nursing, who revolutionized nursing practice?

Accepted Answer

Lillian Wald

Answer

Florence Nightingale

Answer

Mary Breckinridge

Answer

Margaret Sanger

Question 2

In the Ecological Model, the level that encompasses individuals and their immediate surroundings is known as the:

Accepted Answer

Micro level

Answer

Meso level

Answer

Exo level

Answer

Macro level

Question 3

Collaborating with community partners to address health issues is best described as:

Accepted Answer

Community partnership

Answer

Interdisciplinary collaboration

Answer

Interprofessional collaboration

Answer

Community engagement

Question 4

Which theoretical framework emphasizes the interconnectedness of health, environment, and social factors?

Accepted Answer

Ecological Model

Answer

Social Determinants of Health Framework

Answer

Health Belief Model

Answer

Transtheoretical Model

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a core function of community health nurses?

Accepted Answer

Surgery

Answer

Assessment

Answer

Case management

Answer

Policy advocacy

Question 6

The "Healthy People 2030" initiative aims to improve overall health and well-being in the United States by:

Accepted Answer

Setting national health goals

Answer

Providing funding for community health programs

Answer

Regulating health insurance policies

Answer

Enforcing environmental protection laws

Question 7

In community health nursing, which ethical principles guide ethical decision-making?

Accepted Answer

Beneficence, Non-Maleficence, Justice, Autonomy, Veracity

Answer

Confidentiality, Privacy, Non-Disclosure, Truthfulness

Answer

Paternalism, Justice, Fidelity, Respect for Autonomy, Beneficence

Answer

Autonomy, Veracity, Justice, Beneficence, Paternalism

Question 8

Which of the following is **not** a primary benefit of evaluating community health nursing programs?

Accepted Answer

Guaranteeing continued funding

Answer

Measuring the effectiveness of interventions

Answer

Improving future programs based on evidence

Answer

Demonstrating accountability to stakeholders

Question 9

Which of the following programs is recognized as the first organized community health nursing initiative in the United States?

Accepted Answer

Visiting Nurse Service of New York City

Answer

Henry Street Settlement

Answer

Hull House

Answer

National Organization for Public Health Nursing

Question 10

Who is widely recognized as the pioneer of modern community health nursing?

Accepted Answer

Lillian Wald

Answer

Mary Breckinridge

Answer

Clara Barton

Answer

Jane Addams

Question 11

Which of the following is a crucial step in the nursing process specifically tailored to community health?

Accepted Answer

Assessment

Answer

Diagnosis

Answer

Planning

Answer

Evaluation

Question 12

Which organization holds the responsibility of accrediting community health nursing programs in the United States?

Accepted Answer

Accreditation Commission for Education in Nursing (ACEN)

Answer

Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education (CCNE)

Answer

National League for Nursing (NLN)

Answer

American Public Health Association (APHA)

Question 13

Which population group faces a higher risk of health disparities due to socioeconomic factors?

Accepted Answer

Low-income individuals

Answer

Children

Answer

Elderly

Answer

Immigrants

Question 14

Which type of community assessment involves gathering data from multiple sources to gain a comprehensive understanding of a community's health status and needs?

Accepted Answer

Community health needs assessment

Answer

Windshield survey

Answer

Key informant interview

Answer

Secondary data analysis

Question 15

Which principle underpins community health nursing practice according to the Social Ecological Model?

Accepted Answer

Health is impacted by factors at various levels, from the individual to the community.

Answer

Health is mainly influenced by personal decisions and actions.

Answer

Immediate interventions are more effective than long-term strategies in promoting health.

Answer

Biomedical interventions are crucial for improving health outcomes.

Question 16

Which strategy is most effective for community health nurses to reduce health disparities using the Social Determinants of Health (SDOH) framework?

Accepted Answer

Collaborating with community organizations and advocating for policies that address SDOH

Answer

Ignoring the SDOH framework and focusing on individual health behaviors

Answer

Educating individuals about the SDOH without considering their circumstances

Answer

Disregarding the impact of SDOH on health outcomes and focusing on medical interventions

Question 17

How did Lillian Wald's leadership impact the development of community health nursing, particularly its focus on vulnerable populations?

Accepted Answer

Wald emphasized accessible and equitable healthcare for marginalized communities.

Answer

Wald primarily focused on building hospitals and medical facilities.

Answer

Wald's influence had little impact on the development of community health nursing.

Answer

Wald's work was limited to urban areas, with no focus on rural communities.

Question 18

Who is widely recognized as the founder of modern community health nursing?

Accepted Answer

Lillian Wald

Answer

Florence Nightingale

Answer

Mary Breckinridge

Answer

Margaret Sanger

Question 19

Which theoretical framework emphasizes the role of social factors in shaping health outcomes in community health nursing?

Accepted Answer

Ecological Model

Answer

Health Belief Model

Answer

Transcultural Nursing Theory

Answer

Roy Adaptation Model

Question 20

Which ethical principle emphasizes the importance of respecting clients' choices in community health nursing?

Accepted Answer

Respect for autonomy

Answer

Beneficence

Answer

Non-maleficence

Answer

Justice

Question 21

Which approach in community health nursing focuses on addressing the health needs of an entire population?

Accepted Answer

Conducting a community health assessment

Answer

Providing health education to a specific group

Answer

Providing case management services to individuals

Answer

Offering home visits to high-risk clients

Question 22

Who is widely acknowledged as the 'Father of Community Health Nursing'?

Accepted Answer

Lillian Wald

Answer

Mary Breckinridge

Answer

Linda Richards

Answer

Florence Nightingale

Question 23

Which of the following is NOT a fundamental principle guiding the practice of community health nursing?

Accepted Answer

Individualism

Answer

Social justice

Answer

Collaboration

Answer

Evidence-based practice

Question 24

The ecological model is a theoretical framework that underscores the:

Accepted Answer

Interconnectedness of individuals within their environment

Answer

Influence of lifestyle on health

Answer

Primacy of genetic factors in health

Answer

Role of health professionals as gatekeepers of health

Question 25

How does the Ecological Model assist community health nurses in assessing and addressing the health needs of a diverse population?

Accepted Answer

By recognizing the interplay of environmental, social, and behavioral factors that influence health outcomes

Answer

By identifying individual risk factors and developing targeted interventions

Answer

By prioritizing interventions that address the needs of the majority population

Answer

By focusing solely on changing individual behaviors without considering social determinants of health

Question 26

Who is credited as the founder of modern nursing and is considered a pioneer in community health nursing?

Accepted Answer

Florence Nightingale

Answer

Jane Addams

Answer

Lillian Wald

Answer

Mary Breckinridge

Question 27

According to the social determinants of health framework, what are the primary factors that shape health outcomes?

Accepted Answer

Social, economic, and environmental factors

Answer

Individual behavior alone

Answer

The healthcare system exclusively

Answer

Genetic predisposition solely

Question 28

Which theoretical framework places emphasis on empowering individuals and communities to improve their own health?

Accepted Answer

Social Ecological Model

Answer

Health Belief Model

Answer

Transtheoretical Model

Answer

Social Cognitive Theory

Question 29

What is the main purpose of conducting a community health assessment?

Accepted Answer

To determine community health needs and available resources

Answer

To evaluate the effectiveness of health interventions

Answer

To create a detailed health plan

Answer

To provide individual patient care

Question 30

Which ethical principle guides community health nurses to safeguard the privacy of individuals and communities?

Accepted Answer

Confidentiality

Answer

Autonomy

Answer

Beneficence

Answer

Justice

Question 31

Who is widely regarded as the pioneer of modern nursing?

Accepted Answer

Florence Nightingale

Answer

Clara Barton

Answer

Lillian Wald

Answer

Mary Seacole

Question 32

Which theoretical framework emphasizes empowering communities to foster social change?

Accepted Answer

Community organizing model

Answer

Behavioral change model

Answer

Ecological model

Answer

Epidemiological model

Question 33

Who is widely recognized as the founder of modern community health nursing?

Accepted Answer

Lillian Wald

Answer

Jane Addams

Answer

Clara Barton

Answer

Margaret Sanger

Question 34

Which of the following is a fundamental principle of the ecological model?

Accepted Answer

Health is influenced by multiple factors interacting at various levels.

Answer

Health interventions should focus solely on biomedical factors.

Answer

Health is primarily determined by individual behaviors.

Question 35

Which of the following is a core function of community health nursing?

Accepted Answer

Case management

Answer

Intensive care

Answer

Physical examinations

Answer

Emergency care

Question 36

What is the primary objective of the National Health Service Corps (NHSC)?

Accepted Answer

To provide health care services to underserved communities.

Answer

To regulate the practice of nurses.

Answer

To conduct research on health disparities.

Question 37

Which of the following is a challenge faced by community health nurses working in rural areas?

Accepted Answer

Limited access to resources

Answer

Abundant transportation options

Answer

High population density

Question 38

What is the central goal of Healthy People 2030?

Accepted Answer

To improve the health and well-being of all Americans.

Answer

To eliminate specific diseases.

Answer

To increase the number of health care providers.

Question 39

Which of the following is a key responsibility of community health nurses in working with vulnerable populations?

Accepted Answer

Advocating for their rights and improving access to care.

Answer

Providing direct medical care only.

Answer

Educating the public about health risks.

Question 40

The 'Alma Ata Declaration' (1978) emphasized the importance of:

Accepted Answer

Primary Health Care

Answer

Universal Health Insurance

Answer

Mental Health Services

Answer

Specialized Health Services

Question 41

The 'Health for All' movement advocated for:

Accepted Answer

Universal Access to Healthcare

Answer

Emphasis on Curative Medicine

Answer

Specialized Care for the Elite

Answer

Increased Hospitalization Rates

Question 42

Which of the following is a fundamental principle of community health nursing?

Accepted Answer

Community involvement in health promotion and disease prevention

Answer

Emphasis on individual responsibility for health

Answer

Exclusive focus on curative care

Question 43

The 'Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion' (1986) proposed five key strategies for health promotion. Which of the following is NOT one of them?

Accepted Answer

Focus on treating disease

Answer

Mediation

Answer

Enablement

Answer

Advocacy

Question 44

Which theoretical framework emphasizes the importance of social support and social networks in health?

Accepted Answer

Social Network Theory

Answer

Health Belief Model

Answer

Transtheoretical Model

Answer

Ecological Model

Question 45

The 'Declaration of Alma Ata' (1978) is considered a landmark event in community health nursing because it:

Accepted Answer

Established the concept of Primary Health Care

Answer

Abolished the role of community health nurses

Answer

Focused exclusively on curative care

Answer

Mandated the use of specific theoretical models

Question 46

Which ethical principle emphasizes the right of individuals to make informed decisions about their health?

Accepted Answer

Autonomy

Answer

Justice

Answer

Non-maleficence

Answer

Beneficence

Question 47

The 'Healthy People 2030' initiative aims to achieve:

Accepted Answer

Improved Health Outcomes for All Americans

Answer

Reduced Access to Healthcare

Answer

Exclusive Focus on Disease Prevention

Answer

Increased Healthcare Spending

Question 48

Who is credited with establishing the first organized visiting nurse service in the United States?

Accepted Answer

Lillian Wald

Answer

Florence Nightingale

Answer

Clara Barton

Answer

Jane Addams

Question 49

Which of the following is a core concept of the Health Belief Model (HBM)?

Accepted Answer

Perceived susceptibility, severity, benefits, and barriers

Answer

Genetics and biological predispositions

Answer

Social support and environmental factors

Question 50

A community health nurse is working with a group of people at high risk for heart disease. Which intervention aligns with the principles of the Health Promotion Model?

Accepted Answer

Educating the group about managing risk factors associated with heart disease.

Answer

Screening for high blood pressure and cholesterol levels.

Answer

Providing individual counseling on stress management.

Question 51

The 'upstream' approach in community health nursing emphasizes:

Accepted Answer

Addressing social determinants of health to prevent health problems.

Answer

Providing direct care to individuals with existing health conditions.

Answer

Focusing on health education and disease prevention.

Question 52

Which of the following is NOT a core principle of public health nursing?

Accepted Answer

Emphasis on individual-level interventions

Answer

Commitment to social justice and health equity

Answer

Promotion of population health and community well-being

Answer

Use of evidence-based practices

Question 53

The 'district nursing' model emerged in the 19th century and was significant because it:

Accepted Answer

Introduced the concept of community health services being provided in people's homes.

Answer

Focused on the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases.

Answer

Established the first formal nursing schools.

Question 54

What is the primary role of community health nurses in promoting health equity?

Accepted Answer

Advocating for policies and programs that address social factors contributing to health disparities.

Answer

Educating individuals and communities on healthy behaviors.

Answer

Providing medical treatment to individuals with limited access to healthcare.

Question 55

The shift towards a 'health promotion' approach in community health nursing led to a focus on:

Accepted Answer

Empowering communities and individuals to take ownership of their health.

Answer

Treating chronic illnesses and managing disease.

Answer

Reducing mortality rates and infectious disease outbreaks.