File System Implementation: A Comprehensive Guide for University Students

Question 1

What is the primary function of a file allocation table (FAT) in a file system?

Accepted Answer

To track block allocation for files

Answer

To store file names

Answer

To map logical to physical addresses

Answer

To manage disk space

Question 2

Which journaling mechanism ensures critical file system metadata is written to non-volatile storage before data modifications?

Accepted Answer

Write-ahead logging (WAL)

Answer

Shadow paging

Answer

Checksumming

Answer

Parity checking

Question 3

What is the main benefit of using a linked list for implementing file allocation?

Accepted Answer

Simplified free space management

Answer

Faster file access

Answer

Optimized disk space usage

Answer

Improved data security

Question 4

Which file allocation method is optimal for large, infrequently modified files?

Accepted Answer

Extent-based allocation

Answer

Indexed allocation

Answer

Linked allocation

Answer

Bit map allocation

Question 5

What is the purpose of a boot sector in a file system?

Accepted Answer

To contain the master boot record (MBR)

Answer

To hold the operating system kernel

Answer

To provide a file directory

Answer

To manage disk partitioning

Question 6

Which data structure is used to track free space in a bit map allocation file system?

Accepted Answer

Allocation bitmap

Answer

Free block list

Answer

Inode table

Answer

Directory tree

Question 7

What is the main goal of file system journaling?

Accepted Answer

Ensuring data consistency after system failures

Answer

Enhanced file access performance

Answer

Reducing disk fragmentation

Answer

Protecting against malware

Question 8

Which disk allocation method allocates a single, uninterrupted block of disk space to a file?

Accepted Answer

Contiguous Allocation

Answer

Linked Allocation

Answer

Indexed Allocation

Answer

Extent-Based Allocation

Question 9

Which disk allocation method assigns disk blocks to files consecutively, without gaps?

Accepted Answer

Contiguous allocation

Answer

Linked allocation

Answer

Indexed allocation

Answer

Extent-based allocation

Question 10

What is the primary role of a file allocation table (FAT)?

Accepted Answer

Maintaining the physical location of file data on the disk

Answer

Managing user permissions and file access

Answer

Providing a hierarchical structure for file organization

Answer

Caching frequently accessed file data to improve performance

Question 11

What is the central principle behind journaling in file systems?

Accepted Answer

Recording changes to the file system before applying them permanently

Answer

Creating multiple copies of critical file system data for redundancy

Answer

Utilizing checksums to ensure data integrity

Answer

Implementing a distributed architecture for file storage

Question 12

Which scenario would most benefit from using an indexed allocation scheme?

Accepted Answer

Files containing a large number of small records

Answer

Files that undergo frequent updates and insertions

Answer

Files that are rarely modified

Answer

Files with a wide range of file sizes

Question 13

Which file system operation is a common cause of file fragmentation?

Accepted Answer

Modifying an existing file

Answer

Creating a new file

Answer

Deleting a file

Answer

Duplicating a file

Question 14

What is the primary function of a superblock in a file system?

Accepted Answer

Storing critical file system metadata

Answer

Maintaining a list of all files in the system

Answer

Providing a directory structure for file organization

Answer

Managing file permissions and access control

Question 15

Which file system feature plays a crucial role in safeguarding data integrity?

Accepted Answer

Journaling

Answer

Error correction codes

Answer

File encryption

Answer

Data compression

Question 16

What is the key distinction between a hard link and a symbolic link in a file system?

Accepted Answer

Hard links point to the same physical file, while symbolic links point to the file's path.

Answer

Symbolic links can be created for directories, but hard links cannot.

Answer

Hard links are permanent, whereas symbolic links can be broken.

Answer

Symbolic links can reference files on other file systems, but hard links cannot.

Question 17

Which disk allocation method assigns a contiguous block of disk space to a file, ensuring faster access time?

Accepted Answer

Contiguous Allocation

Answer

Indexed Allocation

Answer

Linked Allocation

Answer

Extent-Based Allocation

Question 18

What is the primary role of a file allocation table (FAT) in a file system?

Accepted Answer

To map logical file blocks to their physical locations on the disk

Answer

To manage file access permissions and attributes

Answer

To store the actual data contents of files

Answer

To provide a hierarchical directory structure for organizing files

Question 19

Which journaling technique guarantees the integrity of a file system by recording transactions in a non-volatile log before updating the actual file system?

Accepted Answer

Write-ahead logging

Answer

Copy-on-write

Answer

Shadow copying

Answer

Atomic transactions

Question 20

Which advantage does extent-based allocation offer over linked allocation?

Accepted Answer

Reduced file fragmentation, leading to improved performance

Answer

Simplified file management due to fewer pointers

Answer

Enhanced data security through encryption

Answer

Increased storage capacity by eliminating gaps between file blocks

Question 21

What is the distinction between a logical file and a physical file?

Accepted Answer

A logical file represents the user's perspective of a file, while a physical file represents its actual storage on disk.

Answer

A physical file represents the user's perspective of a file, while a logical file represents its metadata.

Answer

There is no difference between a logical file and a physical file.

Answer

A logical file is stored in memory, while a physical file is stored on disk.

Question 22

What is a key benefit of utilizing a journaling file system?

Accepted Answer

Enhanced data integrity through transaction logging

Answer

Improved file access speed by reducing disk seeks

Answer

Reduced file fragmentation by optimizing file placement

Answer

Increased storage capacity by eliminating redundant data

Question 23

What is the primary function of a file system driver in an operating system?

Accepted Answer

Serving as an intermediary between the operating system and the file system, facilitating communication

Answer

Managing disk space allocation and deallocation for files

Answer

Performing file operations like reading, writing, and deleting

Answer

Enforcing access control policies to protect files

Question 24

What is the purpose of file system metadata?

Accepted Answer

Storing essential information about files and directories, such as size, creation date, and permissions

Answer

Providing a graphical user interface for managing files

Answer

Protecting files from unauthorized access through encryption

Answer

Improving file search performance by indexing file content

Question 25

How does a defragmentation tool enhance file system performance?

Accepted Answer

By consolidating fragmented file segments into contiguous blocks, reducing seek time and improving access speed.

Answer

By identifying and correcting file system errors to ensure data integrity.

Answer

By compressing files to minimize storage space requirements.

Question 26

Which disk allocation method assigns contiguous blocks of disk space to files?

Accepted Answer

File Allocation Table (FAT)

Answer

Linked Allocation

Answer

Indexed Allocation

Answer

Bit Map Allocation

Question 27

What is the primary function of a File Allocation Table (FAT) in a file system?

Accepted Answer

To track the location of file data on disk

Answer

To manage user access permissions

Answer

To perform disk formatting

Answer

To cache frequently accessed files

Question 28

Which advantage does a journaling file system offer over a non-journaling file system?

Accepted Answer

Enhanced data integrity during system failures

Answer

Reduced write performance

Answer

Larger file size limits

Answer

Support for multiple file systems on a single disk

Question 29

Which of the following is NOT a commonly used file system in operating systems?

Accepted Answer

MySQL

Answer

NTFS

Answer

FAT32

Answer

EXT4

Question 30

What is the purpose of the boot sector in a file system?

Accepted Answer

To contain information about the file system's structure and boot process

Answer

To store the operating system kernel

Answer

To manage file permissions and access control

Answer

To provide direct access to user data

Question 31

What is the primary purpose of a file descriptor?

Accepted Answer

To represent an open file within a running process

Answer

To store file metadata and attributes

Answer

To manage disk space allocation for files

Answer

To control access permissions and security settings for files

Question 32

Which of the following is a potential limitation of using a hierarchical file system?

Accepted Answer

Difficulty in organizing and managing large numbers of files

Answer

Limited support for file sharing and collaboration

Answer

Reduced file access speed and performance

Answer

Increased susceptibility to data loss and corruption

Question 33

How does fragmentation primarily impact file system performance?

Accepted Answer

Increased disk access time

Answer

Reduced storage capacity

Answer

Improved system reliability

Answer

Increased file size

Question 34

Which disk allocation method assigns continuous blocks of disk space to files and uses a file allocation table (FAT) to record the location of these blocks?

Accepted Answer

Contiguous allocation

Answer

Linked allocation

Answer

Indexed allocation

Question 35

Which disk allocation method optimizes file access speed by storing files in adjacent disk blocks?

Accepted Answer

Contiguous Allocation

Answer

Linked Allocation

Answer

Indexed Allocation

Answer

Hybrid Allocation

Question 36

Which disk allocation method is ideal for storing large files that are accessed sequentially?

Accepted Answer

Contiguous allocation

Answer

Indexed allocation

Answer

Linked allocation

Answer

Hybrid allocation

Question 37

Which of the following is NOT a disk allocation method commonly used in file system implementations?

Accepted Answer

RAID

Answer

Contiguous Allocation

Answer

Linked Allocation

Answer

Indexed Allocation

Question 38

Which disk allocation method assigns consecutive disk blocks to a file, irrespective of their physical location?

Accepted Answer

Contiguous Allocation

Answer

Linked Allocation

Answer

Indexed Allocation

Answer

Hybrid Allocation

Question 39

What is the primary role of a file allocation table (FAT)?

Accepted Answer

To map logical file blocks to physical disk blocks

Answer

To manage file access permissions

Answer

To store file metadata

Question 40

Which journaling technique records file system metadata changes in a separate log before updating the actual file system?

Accepted Answer

Write-Ahead Logging

Answer

Shadow Copying

Answer

Mirroring

Answer

Checksumming

Question 41

What is an advantage of using an indexed allocation method in a file system?

Accepted Answer

Faster file retrieval and reduced fragmentation

Answer

Simplified file management

Answer

Enhanced data privacy

Answer

Lower storage overhead

Question 42

Which file system optimization technique regularly reorganizes file data to minimize fragmentation?

Accepted Answer

Defragmentation

Answer

Journaling

Answer

Caching

Question 43

What is a key benefit of using a log-structured file system?

Accepted Answer

Improved write performance and reduced fragmentation

Answer

Simplified file management

Answer

Enhanced data security

Question 44

Which of the following is not a fundamental component of a file system?

Accepted Answer

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

Answer

Metadata

Answer

Journal

Answer

File Allocation Table

Question 45

What is the primary purpose of a file descriptor?

Accepted Answer

To provide a unique identifier for an open file

Answer

To manage file access permissions

Answer

To store file metadata

Answer

To track file modifications

Question 46

Which disk allocation method allocates disk space to files in a consecutive manner?

Accepted Answer

Contiguous allocation

Answer

Indexed allocation

Answer

Linked allocation

Answer

Scattered allocation

Question 47

What is the purpose of a file allocation table (FAT)?

Accepted Answer

To keep track of which disk blocks are allocated to a file

Answer

To store the contents of a file

Answer

To manage access permissions to a file

Question 48

Which type of file system uses journaling to ensure data integrity?

Accepted Answer

Journaling file system

Answer

Ext4 file system

Answer

NTFS file system

Answer

Non-journaling file system

Question 49

What is the advantage of using indexed allocation in a file system?

Accepted Answer

Improved performance for accessing non-consecutive file blocks

Answer

Reduced fragmentation

Answer

Increased data reliability

Question 50

Which of the following is NOT a disadvantage of linked allocation?

Accepted Answer

Reduced disk space utilization

Answer

Potential for file fragmentation

Answer

Increased file access time

Answer

Complex implementation

Question 51

What is the purpose of a superblock in a file system?

Accepted Answer

To store metadata about the file system

Answer

To manage file permissions

Answer

To allocate disk space to files

Answer

To improve file access performance

Question 52

Which of the following is a benefit of using a hierarchical file system?

Accepted Answer

Improved organization and navigation of files

Answer

Faster file access

Answer

Reduced file fragmentation

Answer

Increased data security

Question 53

What is the difference between a hard link and a symbolic link?

Accepted Answer

A symbolic link is a pointer to a file, while a hard link creates another reference to the same file

Answer

Hard links are only supported in Linux, while symbolic links are supported in all operating systems

Answer

Symbolic links can point to directories, while hard links cannot

Question 54

Which of the following file system types is typically used in embedded systems?

Accepted Answer

FAT file system

Answer

Ext4 file system

Answer

ZFS file system

Answer

NTFS file system

Question 55

What is a RAID system, and what are its advantages?

Accepted Answer

A Redundant Array of Independent Disks (RAID) system uses multiple disks to improve data reliability and performance

Answer

RAID systems are only used in high-performance computing environments