Sorting Algorithms: Master Bubble, Insertion, Merge, and Quick Sort

Question 1

In Insertion Sort, the list is repeatedly divided into which two sublists?

Accepted Answer

Sorted and unsorted

Answer

Small and large

Answer

Even and odd

Answer

Positive and negative

Question 2

Which of the following statements about Merge Sort is accurate?

Accepted Answer

It is a recursive algorithm.

Answer

It is an in-place sorting algorithm.

Answer

It is not stable.

Answer

It has a worst-case time complexity of O(n^3).

Question 3

Which of the following is a characteristic of Bubble Sort?

Accepted Answer

An in-place sorting algorithm

Answer

An online sorting algorithm

Answer

A stable sorting algorithm

Answer

An efficient sorting algorithm

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a property of Merge Sort?

Accepted Answer

In-place

Answer

Stable

Answer

Recursive

Answer

O(nlogn) time complexity

Question 5

Which sorting algorithm is known for its simplicity and makes repeated comparisons between adjacent elements?

Accepted Answer

Bubble Sort

Answer

Insertion Sort

Answer

Merge Sort

Answer

Quick Sort

Question 6

Which sorting algorithm recursively divides the array into smaller subarrays to build the sorted list?

Accepted Answer

Merge Sort

Answer

Bubble Sort

Answer

Insertion Sort

Answer

Quick Sort

Question 7

Which sorting algorithm is suited for nearly sorted datasets where elements are only slightly out of order?

Accepted Answer

Insertion Sort

Answer

Bubble Sort

Answer

Merge Sort

Answer

Quick Sort

Question 8

Which sorting algorithm partitions the array using a pivot element and recursively sorts the smaller subarrays?

Accepted Answer

Quick Sort

Answer

Bubble Sort

Answer

Insertion Sort

Answer

Merge Sort

Question 9

Which sorting algorithm maintains a sorted subarray while iterating through the list?

Accepted Answer

Insertion Sort

Answer

Bubble Sort

Answer

Merge Sort

Answer

Quick Sort

Question 10

Which sorting algorithm is considered the most straightforward and easy to implement?

Accepted Answer

Bubble Sort

Answer

Insertion Sort

Answer

Merge Sort

Answer

Quick Sort

Question 11

Insertion Sort is particularly efficient for which scenario?

Accepted Answer

Small or nearly sorted datasets

Answer

Large, unsorted datasets

Answer

Datasets with many duplicate elements

Answer

Real-time sorting applications

Question 12

Merge Sort employs which algorithmic paradigm?

Accepted Answer

Divide and Conquer

Answer

Greedy

Answer

Dynamic Programming

Answer

Backtracking

Question 13

What is the average-case time complexity of Bubble Sort?

Accepted Answer

O(n^2)

Answer

O(n)

Answer

O(n log n)

Answer

O(2^n)

Question 14

Merge Sort recursively divides the array until each subarray contains how many elements?

Accepted Answer

1

Answer

2

Answer

3

Answer

4

Question 15

What is the worst-case time complexity of Quick Sort?

Accepted Answer

O(n^2)

Answer

O(n)

Answer

O(log n)

Answer

O(n log n^2)

Question 16

Insertion Sort is considered a stable sorting algorithm. What does this imply?

Accepted Answer

Elements with equal values maintain their relative order after sorting

Answer

Sorted elements are always placed at the beginning of the array

Answer

The sorting process does not depend on the initial order of the elements

Answer

The algorithm can handle duplicate elements efficiently

Question 17

What is the fundamental principle behind Insertion Sort?

Accepted Answer

Repeatedly inserting the unsorted element into its correct position within the sorted portion of the array

Answer

Dividing and conquering the array recursively

Answer

Swapping adjacent elements if they are out of order

Answer

Creating a heap data structure and sorting the heap

Question 18

Provide an example of a real-world application of sorting algorithms.

Accepted Answer

Organizing a list of students based on their grades

Answer

Finding the maximum value in a dataset

Answer

Searching for a specific element in an array

Answer

Reversing the order of elements in a list

Question 19

Explain the fundamental difference between Bubble Sort and Insertion Sort.

Accepted Answer

Insertion Sort is stable, whereas Bubble Sort is not.

Answer

Bubble Sort is in-place, whereas Insertion Sort is not.

Answer

Bubble Sort has O(n log n) time complexity, whereas Insertion Sort has O(n^2) time complexity.

Answer

Insertion Sort is recursive, whereas Bubble Sort is not.

Question 20

What is the average-case time complexity of Bubble Sort?

Accepted Answer

O(n^2)

Answer

O(n)

Answer

O(n log n)

Answer

O(log n)

Question 21

What is the best-case time complexity of Quick Sort?

Accepted Answer

O(n)

Answer

O(n log n)

Answer

O(n^2)

Answer

O(log n)

Question 22

What is the worst-case time complexity of Insertion Sort?

Accepted Answer

O(n^2)

Answer

O(n)

Answer

O(n log n)

Answer

O(log n)

Question 23

In the realm of sorting algorithms, which algorithm stands out for its in-place operation, iteratively comparing and swapping adjacent elements to achieve a sorted array?

Accepted Answer

Bubble Sort

Answer

Insertion Sort

Answer

Merge Sort

Answer

Quick Sort

Question 24

For Quick Sort, what is its worst-case time complexity, representing the scenario where the algorithm exhibits its least efficient performance?

Accepted Answer

O(n^2)

Answer

O(n log n)

Answer

O(n)

Answer

O(1)

Question 25

Which sorting algorithm employs an insertion-based approach, repeatedly inserting elements into their appropriate positions within a sorted subarray?

Accepted Answer

Insertion Sort

Answer

Bubble Sort

Answer

Merge Sort

Answer

Quick Sort

Question 26

For Bubble Sort, what is its average-case time complexity, representing its typical performance across various datasets?

Accepted Answer

O(n^2)

Answer

O(n log n)

Answer

O(n)

Answer

O(1)

Question 27

For Bubble Sort, what is its optimal time complexity, representing the best-case scenario where the algorithm exhibits its highest efficiency?

Accepted Answer

O(1)

Answer

O(n^2)

Answer

O(n log n)

Answer

O(n)

Question 28

What is the best-case time complexity of Bubble Sort?

Accepted Answer

O(1)

Answer

O(n)

Answer

O(n^2)

Answer

O(n log n)

Question 29

In Insertion Sort, which operation is used to find the correct position for an element?

Accepted Answer

Linear search

Answer

Binary search

Answer

Sequential search

Answer

Bubble sort

Question 30

Which factor does NOT influence the performance of a sorting algorithm?

Accepted Answer

Programming language

Answer

Size of the input

Answer

Nature of the input (e.g., already sorted)

Answer

Hardware architecture

Question 31

What is the worst-case time complexity of Insertion Sort?

Accepted Answer

O(n^2)

Answer

O(n)

Answer

O(n log n)

Answer

O(log n)

Question 32

Which sorting algorithm is best suited for small datasets or nearly sorted data?

Accepted Answer

Insertion Sort

Answer

Merge Sort

Answer

Bubble Sort

Answer

Quick Sort

Question 33

What is the time complexity of Bubble Sort?

Accepted Answer

O(n^2)

Answer

O(n log n)

Answer

O(n)

Answer

O(log n)

Question 34

Which algorithm follows a 'divide and conquer' strategy, recursively sorting and merging subarrays?

Accepted Answer

Merge Sort

Answer

Quick Sort

Answer

Bubble Sort

Answer

Insertion Sort

Question 35

What is the average-case time complexity of Quick Sort?

Accepted Answer

O(n log n)

Answer

O(n)

Answer

O(n^2)

Answer

O(1)

Question 36

Which algorithm employs a divide-and-conquer approach, using a pivot to partition the array?

Accepted Answer

Quick Sort

Answer

Merge Sort

Answer

Bubble Sort

Answer

Insertion Sort

Question 37

What is the best-case time complexity of Bubble Sort?

Accepted Answer

O(n)

Answer

O(n^2)

Answer

O(log n)

Answer

O(n log n)

Question 38

What is the primary role of the 'pivot' element in Quick Sort?

Accepted Answer

To partition the array into two subarrays

Answer

To demarcate sorted and unsorted portions of the array

Answer

To determine the final sorted order of the array

Answer

To facilitate element comparison and swapping

Question 39

What is the best-case time complexity of Quick Sort?

Accepted Answer

O(n log n)

Answer

O(1)

Answer

O(n^2)

Answer

O(n)

Question 40

Which sorting algorithm is most efficient for small arrays?

Accepted Answer

Insertion Sort

Answer

Merge Sort

Answer

Quick Sort

Answer

Bubble Sort

Question 41

What is the purpose of the inner loop in Bubble Sort?

Accepted Answer

To compare adjacent elements and swap them if necessary.

Answer

To find the minimum element in the array.

Answer

To merge two sorted subarrays.

Question 42

Which of the following is NOT a step in the Merge Sort algorithm?

Accepted Answer

Swap the elements in the two subarrays.

Answer

Merge the two sorted halves.

Answer

Recursively sort each half.

Answer

Divide the array into two halves.

Question 43

What is the average-case time complexity of Insertion Sort?

Accepted Answer

O(n^2)

Answer

O(n log n)

Answer

O(n)

Answer

O(1)

Question 44

What is the space complexity of Bubble Sort?

Accepted Answer

O(1)

Answer

O(n^2)

Answer

O(n log n)

Answer

O(n)

Question 45

Which of the following is the time complexity of Bubble Sort for an array of size n?

Accepted Answer

O(n^2)

Answer

O(n)

Answer

O(n log n)

Answer

O(log n)

Question 46

What is the key idea behind Insertion Sort?

Accepted Answer

Build the sorted list one item at a time by inserting each unsorted element into its correct position.

Answer

Divide the array into sorted and unsorted parts and repeatedly merge them.

Question 47

What is the worst-case time complexity of Quick Sort?

Accepted Answer

O(n^2)

Answer

O(n log n)

Answer

O(log n)

Answer

O(n)

Question 48

Which sorting algorithm is efficient for nearly sorted arrays?

Accepted Answer

Insertion Sort

Answer

Quick Sort

Answer

Bubble Sort

Answer

Merge Sort

Question 49

What is the role of the 'pivot' element in Quick Sort?

Accepted Answer

Divide the array into two partitions: elements smaller and greater than the pivot.

Answer

Determine the number of swaps needed to sort the array.

Answer

Mark the sorted part of the array.

Question 50

What is the worst-case space complexity of Merge Sort?

Accepted Answer

O(n)

Answer

O(n log n)

Answer

O(1)

Answer

O(n^2)

Question 51

What is the average-case time complexity of Quick Sort?

Accepted Answer

O(n log n)

Answer

O(n)

Answer

O(n^2)

Answer

O(n log^2 n)