Types of Hydropower Systems: A Comprehensive Guide for Students

Question 1

Which hydropower system uses a reservoir behind a dam to store water for controlled electricity generation?

Accepted Answer

Dam-based Hydropower System

Answer

Run-of-the-river System

Answer

Pumped-storage Hydropower System

Answer

Tidal Hydropower System

Question 2

Which aspect is NOT an advantage of run-of-the-river hydropower systems?

Accepted Answer

Large water storage capacity

Answer

Low ecological impact on the natural river flow

Answer

High energy generation efficiency

Answer

Low construction and maintenance costs

Question 3

For meeting peak electricity demands, which hydropower system type is the most appropriate choice?

Accepted Answer

Pumped-storage

Answer

Run-of-the-river

Answer

Dam-based

Answer

Tidal

Question 4

In a hydropower system, what is the main function of a turbine?

Accepted Answer

Generating electricity

Answer

Regulating water flow

Answer

Storing energy

Answer

Pumping water

Question 5

When selecting a site for a hydropower system, which factor is NOT a relevant consideration?

Accepted Answer

Capacity of the turbine

Answer

Rate of water flow

Answer

Potential environmental impact

Answer

Distance from transmission lines

Question 6

In a hydropower system, what is the primary purpose of a penstock?

Accepted Answer

Directing the flow of water

Answer

Controlling water pressure

Answer

Housing the turbine

Answer

Pumping water uphill

Question 7

Among the various hydropower system types, which one has the lowest ecological impact?

Accepted Answer

Run-of-the-river

Answer

Dam-based

Answer

Tidal

Answer

Wave

Question 8

Compared to other hydropower systems, what is the main advantage of tidal hydropower systems?

Accepted Answer

Predictable energy generation patterns

Answer

High energy conversion efficiency

Answer

Low construction and maintenance costs

Answer

Minimal environmental impact

Question 9

How does the height of the water (head) affect the efficiency of a hydropower system?

Accepted Answer

Higher head leads to increased efficiency

Answer

Higher head results in decreased efficiency

Answer

Head has no impact on efficiency

Answer

Efficiency is inversely proportional to head

Question 10

Which type of hydropower system operates without the need for a reservoir?

Accepted Answer

Run-of-the-river

Answer

Dam-based

Answer

Pumped-storage

Answer

Tidal

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of dam-based hydropower systems?

Accepted Answer

Environmentally sustainable

Answer

Large-scale energy production

Answer

Flood control

Answer

Navigation

Question 12

Which type of hydropower system is suitable for areas with varying water flow?

Accepted Answer

Run-of-the-river

Answer

Dam-based

Answer

Tidal

Answer

Wave

Question 13

What is a major challenge associated with tidal hydropower systems?

Accepted Answer

Intermittent energy production

Answer

Environmental concerns

Answer

High installation costs

Answer

Low energy density

Question 14

Which type of hydropower system utilizes an underground reservoir?

Accepted Answer

Pumped-storage

Answer

Run-of-the-river

Answer

Dam-based

Answer

Tidal

Question 15

Which hydropower system generates electricity by utilizing the natural flow of a river without constructing a dam?

Accepted Answer

Run-of-the-river system

Answer

Dam-based system

Answer

Pumped-storage system

Question 16

What is the key advantage of dam-based hydropower systems?

Accepted Answer

High electricity generation capacity

Answer

Minimal environmental impact

Answer

Low operating expenses

Question 17

Which hydropower system stores energy during low-demand periods and releases it during high-demand periods?

Accepted Answer

Pumped-storage system

Answer

Run-of-the-river system

Answer

Dam-based system

Question 18

What is a limitation of run-of-the-river hydropower systems?

Accepted Answer

Limited electricity generation during low water flow

Answer

Necessity of large dams

Answer

Negative ecological impacts

Question 19

What is the primary environmental concern associated with pumped-storage hydropower systems?

Accepted Answer

Habitat alteration

Answer

Greenhouse gas emissions

Answer

Water pollution

Question 20

Which type of turbine is commonly used in dam-based hydropower systems?

Accepted Answer

Francis turbine

Answer

Kaplan turbine

Answer

Pelton turbine

Question 21

What is the primary function of the penstock in a hydropower system?

Accepted Answer

Conveying water to the turbine

Answer

Generating electricity

Answer

Storing water

Question 22

Which of the following is NOT a renewable energy source utilized in hydropower systems?

Accepted Answer

Solar energy

Answer

Wind energy

Answer

Water flow

Question 23

What is the main purpose of a spillway in a dam-based hydropower system?

Accepted Answer

Regulating water flow over the dam

Answer

Generating electricity

Answer

Storing water

Question 24

Which type of hydropower system utilizes water's energy without constructing a dam?

Accepted Answer

Run-of-the-river system

Answer

Dam-based system

Answer

Pumped-storage system

Answer

Tidal power system

Question 25

Which hydropower system type is most effective for balancing grid frequency and managing load variations?

Accepted Answer

Pumped-storage system

Answer

Run-of-the-river system

Answer

Dam-based system

Answer

Tidal power system

Question 26

Which of the following is NOT a key advantage of run-of-the-river hydropower systems?

Accepted Answer

High energy density

Answer

Low construction costs

Answer

Reduced environmental impact

Answer

Flexibility in power generation

Question 27

What is the defining characteristic of dam-based hydropower systems?

Accepted Answer

They use a dam to create a large reservoir of water

Answer

They are typically located in remote areas with high water flow

Answer

They have a low energy density compared to other hydropower systems

Answer

They can generate power even during periods of drought

Question 28

Which type of hydropower system uses a reversible turbine to store energy by pumping water between two reservoirs?

Accepted Answer

Pumped-storage

Answer

Run-of-the-river

Answer

Dam-based

Answer

Tidal

Question 29

Which type of hydropower system is best suited for meeting peak electricity demand?

Accepted Answer

Pumped-storage

Answer

Run-of-the-river

Answer

Dam-based

Answer

Tidal

Question 30

Which factor is NOT considered when selecting a site for a hydropower project?

Accepted Answer

Proximity to transportation networks

Answer

Water availability

Answer

Geological stability

Answer

Environmental impact

Question 31

Which international organization plays a leading role in promoting the sustainable development of hydropower?

Accepted Answer

International Hydropower Association (IHA)

Answer

World Bank

Answer

International Energy Agency (IEA)

Answer

United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)

Question 32

Which statement accurately compares the environmental impacts of run-of-the-river and dam-based hydropower systems?

Accepted Answer

Run-of-the-river systems have less environmental impact than dam-based systems.

Answer

Dam-based systems primarily affect land ecosystems, while run-of-the-river systems affect water ecosystems.

Answer

The environmental impact of hydropower systems depends on their size, not their type.

Answer

Both run-of-the-river and dam-based systems have no significant environmental impacts.

Question 33

Which type of hydropower system diverts water from a river without constructing a dam?

Accepted Answer

Run-of-the-river system

Answer

Reservoir system

Answer

Pumped-storage system

Answer

Tidal system

Question 34

What is the primary advantage of dam-based hydropower systems?

Accepted Answer

Reliable power generation capability and high energy density

Answer

Flexibility in power output

Answer

Minimal environmental impact

Answer

Low maintenance costs

Question 35

What is the primary function of a pumped-storage hydropower system?

Accepted Answer

Storing water during off-peak periods and releasing it during peak demand to balance the electrical grid

Answer

Supplementing other renewable energy sources

Answer

Generating power continuously without external water sources

Question 36

Which type of hydropower system is best suited for areas with limited water flow?

Accepted Answer

Run-of-the-river system

Answer

Tidal system

Answer

Dam-based system

Answer

Pumped-storage system

Question 37

What is a major environmental concern associated with dam-based hydropower systems?

Accepted Answer

Potential disruption of natural river ecosystems and fish migration

Answer

Depletion of water resources

Answer

Noise and air pollution

Question 38

Which characteristic is unique to pumped-storage hydropower systems?

Accepted Answer

The use of reversible turbines that can generate power and pump water

Answer

Low maintenance requirements

Answer

Extremely high efficiency ratings

Question 39

What term refers to the vertical difference between the upper and lower reservoirs in a pumped-storage hydropower system?

Accepted Answer

Head

Answer

Capacity

Answer

Flow rate

Question 40

Which factor is irrelevant when selecting a site for a hydropower system?

Accepted Answer

Availability of fossil fuels

Answer

Water flow rate

Answer

Environmental impact

Answer

Geological stability

Question 41

Which type of hydropower system is likely to have the most significant effect on local aquatic ecosystems?

Accepted Answer

Dam-based system

Answer

Run-of-the-river system

Answer

Tidal system

Answer

Pumped-storage system