Gene Expression and Regulation: Interactive Learning Quizzes

Question 1

In eukaryotes, which of the following is NOT required for the initiation of transcription?

Accepted Answer

C. Ribosomes

Answer

A. RNA polymerase II

Answer

B. General transcription factors

Answer

D. Promoters

Question 2

Which of the following directly affects gene expression in eukaryotes?

Accepted Answer

A. Histone modifications

Accepted Answer

B. Protein-DNA interactions

Answer

C. DNA damage

Answer

D. Temperature

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT explicitly involved in the central dogma of gene expression?

Accepted Answer

Replication

Answer

Transcription

Answer

Translation

Answer

Post-translational modification

Question 4

What is the primary function of a transcription factor?

Accepted Answer

To bind to specific DNA sequences and regulate gene expression

Answer

To translate mRNA into proteins

Answer

To replicate DNA

Answer

To package DNA into chromosomes

Question 5

Which of the following is an example of a common post-translational modification?

Accepted Answer

Phosphorylation

Answer

Splicing

Answer

Transcription

Answer

Translation

Question 6

According to the central dogma of molecular biology, genetic information flows from:

Accepted Answer

DNA to RNA to protein

Answer

Protein to RNA to DNA

Answer

RNA to DNA to protein

Answer

Protein to DNA to RNA

Question 7

The enzyme responsible for initiating and catalyzing the transcription of DNA into RNA is:

Accepted Answer

RNA polymerase

Answer

DNA polymerase

Answer

Helicase

Answer

Ligase

Question 8

Which sequence of the DNA molecule is recognized by RNA polymerase to initiate transcription?

Accepted Answer

Promoter

Answer

Coding sequence

Answer

Intron

Answer

Terminator

Question 9

The structures in the cell responsible for assembling amino acids into polypeptide chains during translation are:

Accepted Answer

Ribosomes

Answer

Lysosomes

Answer

Golgi apparatus

Answer

Mitochondria

Question 10

Which of the following processes involves the removal of introns (non-coding sequences) from pre-mRNA to create mature mRNA?

Accepted Answer

Splicing

Answer

Transcription

Answer

Translation

Answer

Replication

Question 11

Proteins known as __ bind to specific DNA sequences to regulate the rate of gene transcription.

Accepted Answer

Transcription factors

Answer

Enzymes

Answer

Hormones

Answer

Antibodies

Question 12

Gene regulatory networks allow for:

Accepted Answer

Coordinated regulation of gene expression in response to environmental cues

Answer

Random expression of genes

Answer

Equal expression of all genes

Answer

Prevention of gene expression

Question 13

Which technology is commonly employed to measure the expression levels of thousands of genes simultaneously?

Accepted Answer

Microarrays

Answer

PCR

Answer

Sanger sequencing

Answer

Gel electrophoresis

Question 14

Which of the following is not a fundamental step in the process of gene expression?

Accepted Answer

Replication

Answer

Transcription

Answer

Translation

Answer

Gene regulation

Question 15

What is the primary function of RNA polymerase in gene expression?

Accepted Answer

To assemble mRNA from DNA

Answer

To translate mRNA into proteins

Answer

To regulate gene expression

Answer

To bind to specific DNA sequences

Question 16

How do ATP-dependent chromatin remodelers change the position of nucleosomes?

Accepted Answer

By sliding or removing nucleosomes

Answer

By chemically modifying histones

Answer

By attracting transcription factors alone

Question 17

The enzyme responsible for catalyzing the synthesis of RNA from a DNA template is:

Accepted Answer

RNA polymerase

Answer

Topoisomerase II

Answer

Reverse transcriptase

Answer

Primase

Question 18

RNA splicing, a process that removes introns from pre-mRNA, primarily occurs in the:

Accepted Answer

Nucleus

Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Cytoplasm

Answer

Ribosomes

Question 19

Which of the following processes is essential for identifying the start codon during translation?

Accepted Answer

Ribosome scanning

Answer

Polysome formation

Answer

tRNA charging

Answer

Codon recognition

Question 20

The region of DNA that serves as the binding site for RNA polymerase to initiate transcription is called the:

Accepted Answer

Promoter

Answer

Operator

Answer

Silencer

Answer

Enhancer

Question 21

The protein complex that binds to the promoter to initiate transcription in eukaryotes is:

Accepted Answer

Transcription factor II D (TFIID)

Answer

Helicase

Answer

Histone acetyltransferase

Answer

RNA polymerase I

Question 22

The process by which regulatory proteins modify chromatin structure to influence gene expression is known as:

Accepted Answer

Epigenetic regulation

Answer

Post-transcriptional regulation

Answer

Transcriptional regulation

Answer

RNA interference

Question 23

Which of the following is NOT a function of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs)?

Accepted Answer

Protein synthesis

Answer

Regulation of gene expression

Answer

Chromatin remodeling

Question 24

The primary purpose of gene expression regulation is to:

Accepted Answer

Ensure appropriate protein production for cellular function

Answer

Maintain genetic stability

Answer

Prevent DNA damage

Answer

Facilitate DNA replication