Genetics for 6th Graders: Uncover the Secrets of Heredity

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a nitrogenous base found in DNA?

Accepted Answer

Uracil

Answer

Adenine

Answer

Cytosine

Answer

Guanine

Question 2

Which part is NOT found in a DNA nucleotide?

Accepted Answer

Ribose

Answer

Adenine

Answer

Deoxyribose

Answer

Phosphate

Question 3

Which molecule in living organisms stores genetic information?

Accepted Answer

DNA

Answer

RNA

Answer

Protein

Answer

Carbohydrate

Question 4

Which component forms the backbone of the DNA molecule?

Accepted Answer

Phosphate

Answer

Ribose

Answer

Uridine

Answer

Thymine

Question 5

Which of the following is a temporary change to the DNA code?

Accepted Answer

Epigenetic change

Answer

Deletion

Answer

Duplication

Answer

Inversion

Question 6

Which process is NOT directly involved in the creation of a protein?

Accepted Answer

Replication

Answer

Transcription

Answer

Translation

Answer

Elongation

Question 7

Which of these is NOT a nitrogenous base found in DNA?

Accepted Answer

Uracil

Answer

Adenine

Answer

Cytosine

Answer

Guanine

Question 8

Which nitrogenous base is found in RNA but not in DNA?

Accepted Answer

Uracil

Answer

Adenine

Answer

Guanine

Answer

Cytosine

Question 9

What is the building block of DNA?

Accepted Answer

Nucleotide

Answer

Amino acid

Answer

Sugar

Answer

Lipid

Question 10

Which of these is NOT a nitrogenous base found in DNA?

Accepted Answer

Uracil

Answer

Adenine

Answer

Thymine

Answer

Cytosine

Question 11

Which nitrogenous base is NOT found in DNA?

Accepted Answer

Uracil

Answer

Adenine

Answer

Guanine

Answer

Cytosine

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a step in protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

Fermentation

Answer

Transcription

Answer

Splicing

Answer

Translation

Question 13

Which of the following is the correct order of the stages in protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

Transcription, translation, post-translational modifications

Answer

Translation, transcription, post-translational modifications

Answer

Post-translational modifications, transcription, translation

Answer

Replication, transcription, translation

Question 14

Which of these is NOT a nitrogenous base found in DNA?

Accepted Answer

Uracil (U)

Answer

Adenine (A)

Answer

Guanine (G)

Answer

Cytosine (C)

Question 15

Which nitrogenous base is unique to RNA and not found in DNA?

Accepted Answer

Uracil

Answer

Adenine

Answer

Cytosine

Question 16

Which of these is a chromosomal rearrangement, not a type of mutation?

Accepted Answer

Gene duplication

Answer

Frameshift mutation

Answer

Missense mutation

Answer

Nonsense mutation

Question 17

Which sequence correctly lists the nitrogenous bases found in a DNA molecule?

Accepted Answer

Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine

Answer

Adenine, Uracil, Cytosine, Guanine

Answer

Guanine, Thymine, Cytosine, Adenine

Answer

Cytosine, Adenine, Guanine, Thymine

Question 18

What is the correct order of events in the formation of a polypeptide?

Accepted Answer

Transcription, Translation, Polypeptide

Answer

Translation, Transcription, Polypeptide

Answer

Polypeptide, Transcription, Translation

Question 19

Which of the following topics is NOT part of the Genetics unit?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis

Answer

Structure of DNA

Answer

Protein Synthesis

Answer

Genetic Disorders

Question 20

Which nitrogenous base is found only in RNA, not in DNA?

Accepted Answer

Uracil

Answer

Adenine

Answer

Guanine

Answer

Cytosine

Question 21

Which type of bonds connect the two strands of the DNA molecule?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds

Answer

Covalent bonds

Answer

Ionic bonds

Question 22

How many pairs of chromosomes are found in a human karyotype?

Accepted Answer

23

Answer

10

Answer

20

Answer

30

Question 23

Which of these is NOT a nitrogenous base found in DNA?

Accepted Answer

Uracil

Answer

Adenine

Answer

Thymine

Answer

Cytosine

Question 24

Which of the following describes a recessive allele?

Accepted Answer

Appears only when homozygous

Answer

Appears only when paired with a dominant allele

Answer

Always appears in the phenotype

Answer

Always dominant over other alleles

Question 25

Which nitrogenous base is NOT found in DNA?

Accepted Answer

Uracil

Answer

Adenine

Answer

Thymine

Answer

Cytosine

Question 26

In DNA, which nitrogenous base pairs with adenine (A)?

Accepted Answer

Thymine (T)

Answer

Cytosine (C)

Answer

Guanine (G)

Question 27

In genetics, what does it mean for an individual to be homozygous?

Accepted Answer

They have two identical alleles for a particular gene.

Answer

They have two different alleles for a particular gene.

Answer

They have one dominant and one recessive allele for a particular gene.

Question 28

Who is widely recognized as the pioneer of genetics?

Accepted Answer

Gregor Mendel

Answer

Charles Darwin

Answer

James Watson

Question 29

What is the main reason people seek genetic counseling?

Accepted Answer

To learn about inherited diseases and make informed decisions.

Answer

To test for genetic disorders after a baby is born.

Answer

To get medicine for inherited diseases.

Question 30

Who is widely recognized as the 'Father of Genetics'?

Accepted Answer

Gregor Mendel

Answer

Charles Darwin

Answer

James Watson

Answer

Francis Crick

Question 31

Which term refers to a variation in a gene that can be expressed as either dominant or recessive?

Accepted Answer

Allele

Answer

Gene

Answer

Trait

Answer

Carrier

Question 32

Which of the following refers to a genetic condition caused by a single gene mutation?

Accepted Answer

Monogenic Disorder

Answer

Polygenic Disorder

Answer

Multifactorial Disorder

Answer

Chromosomal Abnormality

Question 33

Identify the technology used to make changes in the genetic makeup of organisms.

Accepted Answer

Gene Editing

Answer

DNA Fingerprinting

Answer

Molecular Cloning

Answer

Genetic Counseling

Question 34

What term refers to the ethical considerations surrounding the use of genetic information?

Accepted Answer

Bioethics

Answer

Genetic Discrimination

Answer

Informed Consent

Answer

Gene Therapy

Question 35

How can environmental factors affect how genes are expressed and how different traits appear in individuals with the same genetic makeup?

Accepted Answer

Environmental factors can affect gene expression and trait variation in individuals with the same genetic makeup.

Answer

Environmental factors have no impact on gene expression or trait variation.

Answer

Environmental factors can only affect gene expression, not trait variation.

Answer

Environmental factors only affect trait variation, not gene expression.

Question 36

How do mutations contribute to genetic diversity and the evolution of species?

Accepted Answer

Mutations introduce new traits that can be beneficial or harmful, impacting an organism's survival and ability to reproduce.

Answer

Mutations always lead to the extinction of species because they are always harmful.

Answer

Mutations only affect an organism's appearance, not its genetic makeup.

Answer

Mutations only occur in humans and not in other species.

Question 37

What are different versions of a gene called?

Accepted Answer

Alleles

Answer

Traits

Answer

Phenotypes

Answer

Genotypes

Question 38

Who is widely recognized as the 'Father of Genetics'?

Accepted Answer

Gregor Mendel

Answer

Charles Darwin

Answer

James Watson

Answer

Francis Crick

Question 39

What process allows DNA to produce an exact copy of itself?

Accepted Answer

Replication

Answer

Transcription

Answer

Translation

Answer

Mutation

Question 40

How does genetic recombination during meiosis increase genetic diversity?

Accepted Answer

By exchanging genetic material between homologous chromosomes, creating new combinations of traits.

Answer

By happening in body cells, causing visible differences in an organism's appearance.

Answer

By being identical to DNA replication, ensuring the accurate passing on of genetic information.

Answer

By not contributing to genetic diversity and only being involved in gene repair.

Question 41

What is the primary reason why genetic material is essential for heredity?

Accepted Answer

It contains the instructions for an organism's traits and development.

Answer

It determines an organism's size and shape.

Answer

It is only found in plants.

Answer

It can change over time.

Question 42

In Gregor Mendel's experiments with pea plants, he focused on a key aspect. Which of the following describes this aspect?

Accepted Answer

Crossing different traits of pea plants and observing inheritance patterns in offspring

Answer

Studying DNA structure to identify genetic material for inherited traits

Answer

Using various organisms to prove the universality of genetic principles

Question 43

What is the main function of DNA in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Store and transmit genetic information

Answer

Regulate body temperature

Answer

Generate energy for the body

Question 44

What are some potential benefits of gene editing technologies?

Accepted Answer

Curing genetic diseases

Accepted Answer

Creating crops that are more resistant to pests

Accepted Answer

Growing organs for transplant in the lab

Answer

Creating designer babies

Question 45

Discuss the ethical concerns that come with using genetic information in criminal investigations.

Accepted Answer

Privacy

Accepted Answer

Fairness

Accepted Answer

Accuracy

Answer

Cost

Question 46

Which of the following is the basic unit of heredity, carrying the instructions for traits?

Accepted Answer

Gene

Answer

Chromosome

Answer

Organ

Answer

Cell

Question 47

Name the molecule that stores and transmits genetic information:

Accepted Answer

DNA

Answer

RNA

Answer

Carbohydrate

Answer

Protein

Question 48

What term describes different versions of a gene?

Accepted Answer

Alleles

Answer

Genotypes

Answer

Phenotypes

Question 49

What field of science investigates heredity and variation?

Accepted Answer

Genetics

Answer

Ecology

Answer

Biology

Answer

Evolution

Question 50

Which of the following is known as the basic unit of heredity?

Accepted Answer

Gene

Answer

Nucleus

Answer

Chromosome

Question 51

What is the term for the different versions or forms of a gene?

Accepted Answer

Alleles

Answer

Dominant

Answer

Recessive

Answer

Codons

Question 52

Who is known as the 'Father of Genetics'?

Accepted Answer

Gregor Mendel

Answer

Francis Crick

Answer

Charles Darwin

Answer

James Watson

Question 53

Which part of the cell contains the genetic material?

Accepted Answer

Nucleus

Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Cytoplasm

Answer

Ribosome

Question 54

Which of the following is NOT an example of a sex-linked trait?

Accepted Answer

Height

Answer

Hemophilia

Answer

Color blindness

Answer

Muscular Dystrophy

Question 55

Which molecule in DNA stores the genetic information?

Accepted Answer

Nucleotide

Answer

Lipid

Answer

Amino acid

Answer

Monosaccharide

Question 56

Who discovered the double helix structure of DNA?

Accepted Answer

James Watson and Francis Crick

Answer

Rosalind Franklin

Answer

Gregor Mendel

Question 57

What molecule carries genetic information in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

DNA

Answer

Lipid

Answer

Protein

Answer

RNA

Question 58

Which term describes the passing of genetic traits from parents to offspring?

Accepted Answer

Inheritance

Answer

Fertilization

Answer

Natural selection

Answer

Mutation

Question 59

What tool is used to demonstrate possible allele combinations in offspring?

Accepted Answer

Punnett square

Answer

Karyotype

Answer

Pedigree chart

Answer

DNA fingerprint

Question 60

Which allele is expressed even when paired with a recessive allele?

Accepted Answer

Dominant allele

Answer

Recessive allele

Answer

Codominant allele

Question 61

What is the probability of inheriting a recessive trait from two heterozygous parents?

Accepted Answer

25%

Answer

50%

Answer

75%

Answer

100%

Question 62

Which of these traits is carried on the X chromosome?

Accepted Answer

Color blindness

Answer

Eye color

Answer

Skin color

Answer

Height

Question 63

What term describes a permanent change in the DNA sequence?

Accepted Answer

Mutation

Answer

Translocation

Answer

Inversion

Answer

Deletion

Question 64

What is the smallest unit of DNA that contains the instructions for an inherited trait?

Accepted Answer

Gene

Answer

Protein

Answer

Chromosome

Answer

Cell