Formal Social Control: Institutions and Social Order in Deviance

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the long-term consequences of incarceration on individuals and society?

Accepted Answer

Psychological trauma, social stigma, and economic marginalization

Answer

Increased social cohesion and reduced crime rates

Answer

Improved mental health and economic stability for inmates

Answer

Reduced recidivism and improved reintegration outcomes

Question 2

Which of the following is a primary goal of formal social control?

Accepted Answer

Preserving social order and stability

Answer

Encouraging non-conformist behavior

Answer

Reducing economic inequality

Answer

Promoting societal transformation

Question 3

Which of the following is a key mechanism of formal social control?

Accepted Answer

Law enforcement agencies

Answer

Family units

Answer

Peer groups

Answer

Social media platforms

Question 4

Which of the following can be a consequence of applying formal social control?

Accepted Answer

Social stigma and isolation

Answer

Improved economic opportunities

Answer

Increased educational attainment

Answer

Political empowerment

Question 5

What is the primary function of law enforcement in formal social control?

Accepted Answer

Enforcing laws and preventing crime

Answer

Providing social welfare services

Answer

Promoting educational opportunities

Answer

Encouraging civic engagement

Question 6

How do courts contribute to the process of formal social control?

Accepted Answer

Adjudicating legal disputes and imposing sanctions

Answer

Offering counseling and rehabilitation services

Answer

Providing legal assistance and protecting the rights of individuals

Answer

Educating the public about legal matters

Question 7

How does formal social control vary across different societies?

Accepted Answer

It is influenced by cultural norms and values

Answer

It is uniform across all cultures and societies

Answer

It is always more effective in industrialized nations

Answer

It remains unaffected by historical and political factors

Question 8

Which term refers to the process by which individuals are officially labeled as deviant?

Accepted Answer

Labeling

Answer

Stigmatization

Answer

Socialization

Answer

Criminalization

Question 9

The theory that views deviance as a breakdown in social norms is known as:

Accepted Answer

Functionalist theory

Answer

Interactionist theory

Answer

Control theory

Answer

Rational choice theory

Question 10

Which criticism of the criminal justice system highlights its potential to target and punish certain groups of people unfairly?

Accepted Answer

It discriminates against certain groups of people

Answer

It is too harsh and ineffective

Answer

It focuses too much on rehabilitation

Answer

It is too lenient and allows deviants to escape punishment

Question 11

What is the primary role of the police in formal social control?

Accepted Answer

Enforcing laws

Answer

Preventing crime

Answer

Providing social services

Answer

Regulating public behavior

Question 12

The theory that views deviance as a result of social inequality is known as:

Accepted Answer

Conflict theory

Answer

Functionalist theory

Answer

Symbolic interactionist theory

Answer

Rational choice theory

Question 13

The concept of moral panic refers to:

Accepted Answer

A widespread and exaggerated fear of a particular deviant behavior

Answer

A fear of moral decay and social disorder

Answer

A belief that deviance is caused by supernatural forces

Answer

A belief that deviance is a sign of mental illness

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a primary goal of formal social control?

Accepted Answer

Promoting social equality

Answer

Preventing crime

Answer

Punishing offenders

Answer

Reintegrating offenders

Question 15

Which of the following is a key mechanism of formal social control?

Accepted Answer

Policing

Answer

Informal community norms

Answer

Peer pressure

Answer

Religious beliefs

Question 16

The concept of 'labeling theory' suggests that:

Accepted Answer

Labeling individuals as deviant can lead to increased deviance

Answer

Formal institutions create and enforce social norms

Answer

Societal values play a role in shaping deviant behavior

Answer

Formal control measures have little impact on individuals

Question 17

Which feature sets formal social control apart from informal social control?

Accepted Answer

Enforced by written laws and regulations

Answer

Operates primarily within social networks

Answer

Based on internalized values and customs

Question 18

In the United States, which of the following is a primary goal of formal social control?

Accepted Answer

Deterrence of crime

Answer

Protection of individual rights

Answer

Rehabilitation of offenders

Answer

Promotion of social equality

Question 19

A key mechanism used by law enforcement agencies to control deviant behavior is:

Accepted Answer

Patrol and surveillance

Answer

Community policing

Answer

Sentencing and punishment

Answer

Rehabilitation and reintegration

Question 20

The primary role of courts in formal social control is to:

Accepted Answer

Adjudicate disputes and determine guilt

Answer

Establish legal norms and standards

Answer

Enforce punishments and deter crime

Answer

Provide rehabilitation and support services

Question 21

In urban environments, law enforcement faces unique challenges in controlling deviant behavior. Which of the following poses a significant hurdle?

Accepted Answer

High population density and anonymity

Answer

Abundant resources and manpower

Answer

Homogenous cultural and socioeconomic backgrounds

Answer

Minimal political interference

Question 22

For formal social control to be maximally effective, it should primarily:

Accepted Answer

Adopt a multifaceted approach that emphasizes both punishment and rehabilitation

Answer

Rely solely on deterrence and incarceration as crime prevention measures

Answer

Defer to informal community controls for behavioral regulation

Answer

Aim to eliminate all forms of deviant behavior within society

Question 23

Which of the following is NOT a primary objective of formal social control?

Accepted Answer

Facilitating upward social mobility for individuals

Answer

Maintaining societal order

Answer

Imposing sanctions for deviant behavior

Answer

Providing opportunities for rehabilitation of offenders

Question 24

Within the criminal justice system, which agency is entrusted with the responsibility of enforcing criminal laws and apprehending suspected criminals?

Accepted Answer

Law enforcement agencies

Answer

Courts

Answer

Prisons

Answer

Probation departments

Question 25

Which sociological theory of deviance emphasizes the significance of social labeling in shaping perceptions of deviant behavior?

Accepted Answer

Symbolic interactionism

Answer

Anomie theory

Answer

Strain theory

Answer

Social control theory

Question 26

What is the fundamental distinction between formal and informal social control?

Accepted Answer

Formal control is enforced by government institutions, while informal control is enforced by societal norms.

Answer

Informal control is enforced by government institutions, while formal control is enforced by societal norms.

Answer

Both forms of control are enforced by government institutions.

Answer

Both forms of control are enforced by societal norms.

Question 27

What is a key goal of alternative approaches to formal social control that focus on prevention?

Accepted Answer

Offering rehabilitation programs

Answer

Increasing punishment severity

Answer

Expanding the use of incarceration

Question 28

Evaluate the effectiveness of formal social control measures in deterring and reducing deviant behavior. Consider both the intended and unintended consequences of these measures.

Accepted Answer

Formal social control measures can be effective in deterring and reducing deviant behavior, but they may also have unintended consequences.

Answer

Formal social control measures are highly effective in deterring and reducing deviant behavior.

Answer

Formal social control measures are generally ineffective in deterring and reducing deviant behavior.

Answer

Formal social control measures are ineffective and always have unintended consequences.

Question 29

The primary purpose of formal social control is to:

Accepted Answer

Prevent and punish deviant behavior

Answer

Rehabilitate deviant individuals

Answer

Label deviant individuals

Answer

Provide support to deviant individuals

Question 30

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of formal social control?

Accepted Answer

Providing social services

Answer

Enforcing laws and regulations

Answer

Punishing deviant behavior

Answer

Maintaining social order

Question 31

Surveillance cameras in public spaces are an example of:

Accepted Answer

Formal social control

Answer

Informal social control

Answer

Self-control

Answer

Community policing

Question 32

The ultimate goal of rehabilitation within the criminal justice system is to:

Accepted Answer

Reintegrate offenders into society

Answer

Punish offenders

Answer

Deter crime

Answer

Protect the public from future crimes

Question 33

Situational factors, such as poverty or peer pressure, can:

Accepted Answer

Increase or decrease the likelihood of deviant behavior

Answer

Have no influence on deviant behavior

Answer

Are the sole cause of deviant behavior

Answer

Are only relevant for minor forms of deviance

Question 34

A primary goal of formal social control is to:

Accepted Answer

Deter crime and deviant behavior

Answer

Provide support and assistance to individuals in need

Answer

Limit government power

Answer

Rehabilitate offenders

Question 35

Which type of punishment involves restricting an individual's freedom?

Accepted Answer

Imprisonment

Answer

Fines

Answer

Community service

Answer

Probation

Question 36

A key principle of the Due Process Model is that:

Accepted Answer

Individuals accused of crimes have the right to a fair trial

Answer

Sentences should be proportionate to the severity of the crime

Answer

The rights of victims should be prioritized over the accused

Answer

The justice system should focus on rehabilitation rather than punishment

Question 37

The primary responsibility for enforcing criminal laws in the United States lies with:

Accepted Answer

Local police departments

Answer

Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)

Answer

Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)

Answer

National Guard

Question 38

Which type of social control is exerted through informal mechanisms such as social pressure and ridicule?

Accepted Answer

Informal social control

Answer

Institutional social control

Answer

Formal social control

Answer

Legal social control

Question 39

Which constitutional amendment in the United States abolished slavery?

Accepted Answer

Thirteenth Amendment

Answer

First Amendment

Answer

Nineteenth Amendment

Answer

Fifteenth Amendment

Question 40

To what extent are formal social control measures effective in reducing crime? Consider both quantitative and qualitative evidence in your answer.

Accepted Answer

Formal social control measures can be effective in reducing certain types of crime, but their effectiveness may vary.

Answer

Formal social control measures are always effective in reducing crime.

Answer

Formal social control measures are generally ineffective in reducing crime.

Answer

The effectiveness of formal social control measures is solely dependent on the severity of the crime.

Question 41

Which is a primary objective of formal social control?

Accepted Answer

Maintaining social order

Answer

Fostering cultural diversity

Answer

Reducing economic inequality

Answer

Promoting individual freedom

Question 42

Which type of formal social control involves the intentional infliction of pain or discomfort?

Accepted Answer

Punishment

Answer

Therapy

Answer

Regulation

Answer

Education

Question 43

What is the primary role of law enforcement agencies in formal social control?

Accepted Answer

Enforcing laws and maintaining public safety

Answer

Providing rehabilitation programs for offenders

Answer

Creating and amending laws

Answer

Educating the public about social norms

Question 44

Which is a potential consequence of formal social control?

Accepted Answer

Social stigma

Answer

Enhanced self-esteem

Answer

Improved mental health

Answer

Increased job opportunities

Question 45

How does the criminal justice system contribute to formal social control?

Accepted Answer

By processing cases and imposing sanctions

Answer

By creating and implementing laws

Answer

By setting social norms and values

Answer

By providing counseling services to offenders

Question 46

How do the media contribute to formal social control?

Accepted Answer

By reporting on deviant behavior and shaping public perceptions

Answer

By directly enforcing laws and regulations

Answer

By providing rehabilitation programs for offenders

Question 47

Formal social control can contribute to social change by:

Accepted Answer

Establishing and enforcing new norms and values through laws and regulations

Answer

Creating a society where fear and distrust prevail

Answer

Eliminating all forms of deviant behavior

Question 48

The primary objective of formal social control is to:

Accepted Answer

Maintain and enforce social order

Answer

Promote diversity and tolerance

Answer

Protect individual rights and freedoms

Answer

Resolve social conflicts

Question 49

The process of assigning a deviant label to an individual and imposing sanctions is known as:

Accepted Answer

Social labeling

Answer

Rehabilitation

Answer

Conformity

Answer

Socialization

Question 50

Which of the following can be a positive consequence of formal social control?

Accepted Answer

Reduced recidivism rates

Answer

Increased crime rates

Answer

Permanent social stigma

Answer

Weakened community bonds

Question 51

The perspective that views formal social control as a tool of social stratification and inequality is known as:

Accepted Answer

Conflict theory

Answer

Functionalist theory

Answer

Symbolic interactionist theory

Answer

Social exchange theory

Question 52

An example of primary deviance is:

Accepted Answer

An individual's first-time arrest for shoplifting

Answer

Repeated instances of drug use

Answer

Engaging in prostitution

Answer

Murdering a family member

Question 53

The process by which an individual's deviant behavior becomes normalized and ingrained in their identity is known as:

Accepted Answer

Secondary deviance

Answer

Recidivism

Question 54

Which of the following is a goal of rehabilitation in formal social control?

Accepted Answer

To help individuals overcome their deviant behavior

Answer

To deter others from committing crimes

Answer

To punish individuals for their crimes

Question 55

The principle that individuals should be punished only for their own actions, not for the actions of others, is known as:

Accepted Answer

Individual responsibility

Answer

Vicarious liability

Answer

Collective responsibility

Answer

Strict liability

Question 56

Which of the following is a criticism of the "war on drugs"?

Accepted Answer

It has led to mass incarceration, particularly of minority individuals

Answer

It has reduced drug use and drug-related crime

Answer

It has made drugs more affordable and accessible