Types of Cyber Threats: Learn and Test Your Knowledge

Question 1

Which among the following is NOT a type of malware?

Accepted Answer

Spam

Answer

Virus

Answer

Trojan horse

Answer

Ransomware

Question 2

What is the primary objective of a phishing attack?

Accepted Answer

To steal sensitive information from victims

Answer

To disrupt business operations

Answer

To spread malware

Answer

To damage data or hardware

Question 3

Which type of cyber threat involves encrypting a victim's files and demanding a ransom for their release?

Accepted Answer

Ransomware

Answer

Malware

Answer

Social engineering

Answer

Phishing

Question 4

What is a typical tactic employed in social engineering attacks?

Accepted Answer

Exploiting human weaknesses and emotions

Answer

Using technical exploits to gain unauthorized access

Answer

Sending malicious emails with infected attachments

Answer

Creating fake websites to trick victims

Question 5

What is the primary purpose of a worm?

Accepted Answer

To replicate itself and spread

Answer

To steal data

Answer

To encrypt data

Answer

To damage hardware

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a trait of ransomware?

Accepted Answer

It targets exclusively individuals.

Answer

It encrypts files.

Answer

It demands a ransom payment.

Answer

It can spread through email attachments.

Question 7

Why are regular software updates crucial for cybersecurity?

Accepted Answer

They patch vulnerabilities that attackers could exploit

Answer

They add new features to improve performance

Answer

They make the software compatible with new operating systems

Answer

They increase the storage capacity of the software

Question 8

Malware is a malicious software that can harm your computer system or network. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of malware?

Accepted Answer

It can perform beneficial tasks for your computer.

Answer

It operates without your knowledge or consent.

Answer

It can steal sensitive data.

Answer

It can damage files.

Question 9

Brute-force attacks are a common method used by cybercriminals to gain unauthorized access to a computer system. Which of the following describes the process of a brute-force attack?

Accepted Answer

Trying multiple passwords or combinations until the correct one is found

Answer

Exploiting vulnerabilities in a system's security

Answer

Tricking users into downloading malware

Answer

Using social engineering techniques

Question 10

Firewalls are an important part of cybersecurity. Which of the following is the primary function of a firewall?

Accepted Answer

To monitor and control incoming and outgoing network traffic

Answer

To detect and remove malware

Answer

To encrypt data stored on a computer

Answer

To provide antivirus protection

Question 11

Botnets are a significant threat in cybersecurity. Which of the following describes a botnet?

Accepted Answer

A network of computers infected with malware and controlled by a remote attacker

Answer

A type of malware that steals sensitive data

Answer

A group of hackers who work together to attack computer systems

Answer

A legitimate network of computers used for research purposes

Question 12

Encryption is an important tool for protecting sensitive data. Which of the following is a common type of encryption used to protect data in transit?

Accepted Answer

SSL (Secure Sockets Layer)

Answer

AES (Advanced Encryption Standard)

Answer

RSA (Rivest-Shamir-Adleman)

Answer

DES (Data Encryption Standard)

Question 13

Exploits are a serious threat in cybersecurity. Which of the following describes an exploit?

Accepted Answer

A vulnerability in a computer system's software that can be exploited by attackers

Answer

A type of malware that steals sensitive data

Answer

A method used to gain unauthorized access to a computer system

Answer

A legitimate tool used by security researchers to identify vulnerabilities

Question 14

Which distinguishing feature separates ransomware from other cyber threats?

Accepted Answer

Encrypts data and demands payment for its release.

Answer

Spreads rapidly through networks, infecting numerous devices.

Answer

Steals personal and financial data from users.

Answer

Targets specific individuals or organizations with personalized attacks.

Question 15

Which of the listed methods is not commonly employed in social engineering attacks?

Accepted Answer

Exploiting physical security vulnerabilities

Answer

Phishing emails

Answer

Phone scams

Answer

Text message scams

Question 16

Which type of cyber threat leverages software or system vulnerabilities for unauthorized access?

Accepted Answer

Zero-day attacks

Answer

Malware

Answer

Phishing

Answer

Ransomware

Question 17

Which of the following options accurately defines the function of social engineering in cyber attacks?

Accepted Answer

Leveraging human vulnerabilities to obtain confidential information or induce actions that compromise security

Answer

Exploiting software flaws to gain illicit access to computer systems

Answer

Preventing authorized users from accessing essential resources

Answer

Distributing malicious software through email attachments or infected websites

Question 18

Which type of malware can self-replicate and spread rapidly through computer networks?

Accepted Answer

Worm

Answer

Virus

Answer

Trojan horse

Answer

Rootkit

Question 19

What is the primary purpose of phishing attacks?

Accepted Answer

To steal personal information and credentials

Answer

To infect computers with ransomware

Answer

To disrupt business operations

Answer

To blackmail victims

Question 20

Which type of cyber threat encrypts data and demands payment to decrypt it?

Accepted Answer

Ransomware

Answer

Malware

Answer

Adware

Answer

Spyware

Question 21

What is a key characteristic of social engineering attacks?

Accepted Answer

They rely on human manipulation and deception

Answer

They always involve sophisticated hacking techniques

Answer

They are primarily aimed at large corporations

Answer

They cannot be prevented with proper security measures

Question 22

What is the primary purpose of cryptography in cyber security?

Accepted Answer

To encrypt and protect sensitive data

Answer

To detect and remove viruses

Answer

To prevent unauthorized access to computer systems

Answer

To enhance user experience and convenience

Question 23

Which cyber threat involves encrypting a victim's files and demanding payment to decrypt them?

Accepted Answer

Ransomware

Answer

Malware

Answer

Phishing

Answer

Social engineering

Question 24

What type of malware is designed to collect sensitive information such as passwords and financial data?

Accepted Answer

Keylogger

Answer

Virus

Answer

Trojan horse

Answer

Worm

Question 25

What is a main objective of social engineering attacks?

Accepted Answer

To obtain sensitive information by manipulating victims

Answer

To install malware on a victim's device

Answer

To disrupt business operations

Answer

To gain access to confidential systems

Question 26

Which characteristic is NOT associated with social engineering attacks?

Accepted Answer

They are highly technical

Answer

They involve human interaction

Answer

They can be effective

Answer

They often target businesses

Question 27

Which of the following is NOT considered a type of malware?

Accepted Answer

Firewall

Answer

Virus

Answer

Worm

Answer

Trojan horse

Question 28

Phishing attacks primarily aim to:

Accepted Answer

Trick individuals into disclosing sensitive information

Answer

Install malicious software on a device

Answer

Disrupt business operations through network attacks

Answer

Spread viruses through email attachments

Question 29

Ransomware is a type of cyber threat that:

Accepted Answer

Encrypts a victim's data and demands payment for its release

Answer

Attempts to spread malicious software to other devices

Answer

Steals sensitive information without the victim's knowledge

Answer

Disrupts network communications by flooding them with excessive traffic

Question 30

Which of the following is an example of a social engineering technique?

Accepted Answer

Phishing for sensitive information through deceptive emails

Answer

Hacking into a computer system remotely

Answer

Installing malware on a device without the user's consent

Answer

Denying authorized users access to a website or service

Question 31

A firewall is a security measure primarily designed to:

Accepted Answer

Block unauthorized access to a network or system

Answer

Detect and remove malware infections

Answer

Encrypt data to prevent unauthorized access

Answer

Perform regular scans for security vulnerabilities

Question 32

The primary objective of a denial-of-service attack is to:

Accepted Answer

Disrupt the normal functioning of a website or online service

Answer

Steal sensitive information from a targeted system

Answer

Install malware on a target system to gain control

Answer

Gain unauthorized access to a network for malicious purposes

Question 33

Unauthorized use of a person's identity or information for fraudulent purposes is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

Identity theft

Answer

Malware

Answer

Phishing

Answer

Ransomware

Question 34

Intrusion detection systems are primarily used to:

Accepted Answer

Continuously monitor a network for suspicious activities

Answer

Prevent unauthorized access to a system by blocking suspicious attempts

Answer

Encrypt sensitive data to protect it from unauthorized access

Answer

Provide backup and recovery options in case of a cyber attack

Question 35

Which of the following is a key characteristic of a strong password?

Accepted Answer

It is at least 8 characters long and contains a mix of lowercase and uppercase letters

Answer

It is easy to remember and consists primarily of common words

Answer

It includes special characters and numbers but is less than 10 characters long

Answer

It is the same password used for multiple online accounts for convenience

Question 36

What is the primary impact of ransomware attacks on businesses?

Accepted Answer

Data loss or inaccessibility

Answer

Increased customer satisfaction

Answer

Enhanced productivity

Answer

Improved financial performance

Question 37

What type of malicious software infects a computer by disguising itself as a legitimate program?

Accepted Answer

Trojan horse

Answer

Virus

Answer

Worm

Answer

Backdoor

Question 38

Phishing attacks primarily aim to:

Accepted Answer

Obtain sensitive information by impersonating a trusted source

Answer

Gain unauthorized access to computer systems

Answer

Hold data for ransom

Answer

Manipulate individuals into performing desired actions

Question 39

Which characteristic distinguishes ransomware from other malware types?

Accepted Answer

It encrypts files and demands payment for decryption

Answer

It spreads rapidly across computer networks

Answer

It exploits software vulnerabilities for unauthorized access

Answer

It uses social engineering tactics to trick individuals

Question 40

Social engineering attacks rely most heavily on:

Accepted Answer

Exploiting human weaknesses and trust

Answer

Technical vulnerabilities in software and systems

Answer

Distribution of malicious software through suspicious links

Answer

Encryption techniques to prevent data access

Question 41

The primary purpose of a worm is to:

Accepted Answer

Spread copies of itself rapidly across computer networks

Answer

Encrypt files and demand ransom payments

Answer

Steal confidential information from infected systems

Answer

Disrupt system operations and cause damage

Question 42

Which type of cyber threat involves sending fraudulent emails that appear legitimate?

Accepted Answer

Phishing

Answer

Malware

Answer

Ransomware

Answer

Social engineering

Question 43

What is a fundamental characteristic of social engineering attacks?

Accepted Answer

Exploitation of human vulnerabilities and trust

Answer

Use of technical exploits to gain unauthorized access

Answer

Distribution of malicious software through email attachments

Answer

Encryption of data for ransom purposes

Question 44

Which of the following is NOT a common type of malware?

Accepted Answer

Spam

Answer

Virus

Answer

Trojan horse

Answer

Worm

Question 45

A recommended defense measure against phishing attacks is:

Accepted Answer

Exercising caution when encountering suspicious emails and links

Answer

Installing antivirus software

Answer

Using strong passwords

Answer

Backing up important data regularly

Question 46

Identify the four common tactics employed in phishing attacks:

Accepted Answer

Email spoofing, Link manipulation, Social engineering, Brute force attacks

Answer

DDoS attacks, Man-in-the-middle attacks, SQL injection, Phishing attacks

Answer

Spamming, Keylogging, Credential stuffing, Phishing attacks

Answer

Trojan attacks, Virus attacks, Worms, Phishing attacks

Question 47

What is the primary function of an intrusion detection system (IDS)?

Accepted Answer

Monitor network traffic for suspicious patterns

Answer

Prevent unauthorized network access

Answer

Encrypt sensitive data

Answer

Perform regular backups of important data

Question 48

What is the primary objective of a denial-of-service attack?

Accepted Answer

To prevent access to a service

Answer

To steal sensitive data

Answer

To encrypt data for ransom

Answer

To gain unauthorized access to a system

Question 49

Which type of cyber threat involves attackers using malicious software to infiltrate, damage, or steal data from a targeted system?

Accepted Answer

Malware

Answer

Ransomware

Answer

Social engineering

Answer

Phishing

Question 50

Which type of cyber threat involves attackers sending fraudulent emails or messages to deceive individuals into surrendering sensitive personal or financial information?

Accepted Answer

Phishing

Answer

Social engineering

Answer

Ransomware

Answer

Malware

Question 51

Which type of cyber threat involves attackers encrypting a victim's data and demanding payment in exchange for restoring access?

Accepted Answer

Ransomware

Answer

Phishing

Answer

Malware

Answer

Social engineering

Question 52

Which type of cyber threat involves attackers using psychological manipulation to trick individuals into willingly divulging confidential information or performing specific actions?

Accepted Answer

Social engineering

Answer

Ransomware

Answer

Malware

Answer

Phishing

Question 53

Which of the following is a common tactic employed in phishing attacks?

Accepted Answer

Replicating legitimate websites or emails to trick victims into providing sensitive data

Answer

Encrypting data for financial gain

Answer

Exploiting software vulnerabilities

Question 54

Which of the following measures can businesses implement to reduce the risk of ransomware attacks?

Accepted Answer

Regularly backing up critical data in secure, isolated locations

Answer

Carelessly clicking on unfamiliar links and email attachments

Answer

Sharing sensitive company information over public Wi-Fi networks

Question 55

Which of the following is a recommended cybersecurity practice for individuals?

Accepted Answer

Utilizing robust passwords and updating them regularly

Answer

Carelessly opening every email attachment without verifying the sender

Answer

Sharing personal details freely on social media platforms

Answer

Disabling essential firewall and antivirus software

Question 56

Which of the following is a government agency's primary responsibility in protecting against cyber threats?

Accepted Answer

Creating and enforcing laws that criminalize cyber offenses

Answer

Unlawfully monitoring and examining private communications

Answer

Developing and distributing malware to specific targets

Question 57

Which of the following is an effective approach for businesses to foster a culture of cybersecurity awareness among employees?

Accepted Answer

Providing consistent training on cyber threats and best practices

Answer

Penalizing employees for reporting cybersecurity incidents

Answer

Permitting employees to use personal devices for work-related activities without restrictions