Cardiovascular Disorders: Practice Questions and Quizzes for Nursing Students

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease?

Accepted Answer

Healthy diet

Answer

Smoking

Answer

Physical inactivity

Answer

High blood pressure

Question 2

What is the most common type of heart attack?

Accepted Answer

ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI)

Answer

Non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI)

Question 3

Which of the following devices is primarily used to measure blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

Sphygmomanometer

Answer

Holter monitor

Answer

Echocardiogram

Answer

Electrocardiogram

Question 4

Which of the following is a major modifiable risk factor for developing coronary artery disease (CAD)?

Accepted Answer

High cholesterol

Answer

Family history of CAD

Answer

Advancing age

Answer

Male gender

Question 5

Among the following, which is the most common cause of acquired valvular heart disease?

Accepted Answer

Rheumatic fever

Answer

Endocarditis

Answer

Congenital heart defect

Answer

Atherosclerosis

Question 6

Which of the following diagnostic tests is used to assess electrical activity of the heart?

Accepted Answer

Electrocardiogram

Answer

Cardiac catheterization

Answer

Echocardiogram

Answer

Blood test

Question 7

What is the primary goal of antihypertensive therapy?

Accepted Answer

To lower blood pressure

Answer

To improve circulation

Answer

To increase heart rate

Question 8

Which of the following lifestyle modifications is recommended in patients with cardiovascular disorders?

Accepted Answer

Regular exercise

Answer

Smoking

Answer

Excessive alcohol consumption

Answer

High-fat diet

Question 9

Which of the following is a hallmark symptom of heart failure?

Accepted Answer

Persistent shortness of breath, even at rest or with minimal exertion

Answer

Diarrhea

Answer

Skin rash

Answer

Headache

Question 10

The leading modifiable risk factor for developing coronary artery disease is:

Accepted Answer

Smoking

Answer

Diabetes

Answer

Obesity

Answer

Physical inactivity

Question 11

Which of the following is a type of abnormal heart rhythm (arrhythmia)?

Accepted Answer

Atrial fibrillation

Answer

Pneumonia

Answer

Heart murmur

Answer

Stroke

Question 12

The primary role of a nurse in providing care to a patient with a cardiovascular disorder is to:

Accepted Answer

Provide education, emotional support, and assist with disease management

Answer

Perform diagnostic tests

Answer

Interpret lab results independently

Answer

Prescribe medications

Question 13

Which of the following is an established treatment for hypertension?

Accepted Answer

Medications, such as ACE inhibitors or beta-blockers

Answer

Acupuncture alone

Answer

Prayer

Answer

Herbal supplements

Question 14

What is the main difference between a heart attack and a stroke?

Accepted Answer

A heart attack affects blood flow to the heart, while a stroke affects blood flow to the brain

Answer

A heart attack affects the lungs, while a stroke affects the brain

Answer

A heart attack affects the kidneys, while a stroke affects the brain

Question 15

Which of the following is a modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease?

Accepted Answer

Smoking

Answer

Gender

Answer

Race

Answer

Age

Question 16

The pericardium primarily functions to:

Accepted Answer

Enclose and protect the heart

Answer

Pump blood

Answer

Produce hormones

Answer

Regulate heart rate

Question 17

A cardiac catheterization procedure is primarily used to:

Accepted Answer

Diagnose and treat heart conditions, such as coronary artery disease

Answer

Monitor heart function non-invasively

Answer

Perform open-heart surgery

Answer

Transplant a heart

Question 18

Which of the following is a significant risk factor for developing cardiovascular disease?

Accepted Answer

High blood pressure

Answer

Young age

Answer

Regular physical activity

Answer

Plant-based diet

Question 19

What is the most common type of heart attack?

Accepted Answer

ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI)

Answer

Pericarditis

Answer

Non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI)

Answer

Myocardial ischemia

Question 20

Which of the following is a symptom of heart failure?

Accepted Answer

Shortness of breath

Answer

Headache

Answer

Nausea

Answer

Confusion

Question 21

Which of the following is a non-modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease?

Accepted Answer

Age

Answer

Physical inactivity

Answer

Smoking

Question 22

What is the nurse's primary role in caring for patients with cardiovascular disorders?

Accepted Answer

To provide education, support, and monitoring

Answer

To perform surgery and prescribe medications

Answer

To develop treatment plans

Answer

To diagnose and interpret test results

Question 23

Which of the following medications is used to treat hypertension?

Accepted Answer

ACE inhibitor

Answer

Antibiotic

Answer

Muscle relaxant

Question 24

What is the purpose of a stress test?

Accepted Answer

To evaluate the heart's response to physical exertion

Answer

To measure blood pressure

Answer

To detect structural abnormalities of the heart

Question 25

Which of the following is a common surgical intervention for heart failure?

Accepted Answer

Heart transplant

Answer

Appendectomy

Answer

Prostatectomy

Answer

Gastrectomy

Question 26

Distinguish between systolic and diastolic blood pressure.

Accepted Answer

Systolic pressure occurs when the heart contracts, and diastolic pressure occurs when the heart rests.

Answer

Systolic pressure is measured in the arteries, and diastolic pressure is measured in the veins.

Question 27

Which of the following major risk factors contributes to the development of cardiovascular disorders?

Accepted Answer

Tobacco smoking

Answer

Low-fat diet

Answer

Regular physical activity

Answer

Sufficient sleep

Question 28

The most common initial symptom of an acute myocardial infarction (heart attack) is:

Accepted Answer

Chest discomfort

Answer

Shortness of breath

Answer

Lightheadedness

Answer

Nausea and vomiting

Question 29

Which class of medications is primarily used to lower elevated blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

Antihypertensive medications

Answer

Antidepressants

Answer

Anticoagulants

Answer

Antibiotics

Question 30

Which imaging technique is used to visualize the arteries supplying blood to the heart and diagnose coronary artery disease?

Accepted Answer

Coronary angiography

Answer

Electrocardiogram (ECG)

Answer

Echocardiogram

Answer

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Question 31

The initial treatment approach for uncomplicated hypertension typically involves:

Accepted Answer

Lifestyle modifications such as diet and exercise

Answer

Immediate prescription medications

Answer

Surgical intervention

Answer

Radiation therapy

Question 32

Which of the following symptoms may indicate peripheral artery disease?

Accepted Answer

Leg pain or cramping with walking (claudication)

Answer

Nausea

Answer

Shortness of breath

Answer

Chest pain

Question 33

Which blood test is used to evaluate cardiac muscle injury?

Accepted Answer

Troponin

Answer

Hemoglobin

Answer

Creatinine

Answer

Glucose

Question 34

Identify a significant risk factor contributing to the development of cardiovascular disease:

Accepted Answer

Smoking

Answer

Advanced level of education

Answer

High socioeconomic status

Answer

Manual labor occupations

Question 35

Which type of heart attack is characterized by complete blockage of a coronary artery, leading to irreversible damage to heart muscle?

Accepted Answer

ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI)

Answer

Unstable angina

Answer

Stable angina

Answer

Non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI)

Question 36

Which of the following is a common symptom experienced by individuals with heart failure?

Accepted Answer

Shortness of breath, especially when lying down

Answer

Chest discomfort radiating to the left arm

Answer

Persistent headache

Answer

Frequent nausea and vomiting

Question 37

In the context of cardiovascular care, what is the primary responsibility of a nurse?

Accepted Answer

Providing comprehensive patient education and emotional support

Answer

Conducting diagnostic tests and interpreting results

Answer

Prescribing medications and performing surgeries

Answer

Monitoring vital signs and administering medications

Question 38

Which class of medications is commonly used to lower blood pressure in patients with hypertension?

Accepted Answer

ACE inhibitors

Answer

Aspirin

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Antibiotics

Question 39

Describe the distinction between a cardiologist and a cardiovascular surgeon:

Accepted Answer

Cardiologists diagnose and treat cardiovascular conditions, while cardiovascular surgeons perform surgical procedures to correct heart and vascular abnormalities.

Answer

Cardiovascular surgeons diagnose and treat cardiovascular conditions, while cardiologists perform surgical procedures.

Question 40

Which lifestyle modification is recommended to reduce the risk of developing cardiovascular disease?

Accepted Answer

Regular physical exercise

Answer

Consuming a diet high in saturated fats

Answer

Smoking

Answer

Excessive alcohol consumption

Question 41

Nurses play a vital role in supporting patients with cardiovascular disorders. Which approach is most effective in providing this support?

Accepted Answer

Offering emotional support, providing clear and accessible information, and actively listening to their concerns

Answer

Overwhelming them with excessive medical jargon

Answer

Ignoring their emotional needs

Answer

Focusing solely on managing their physical symptoms

Question 42

Identify the key risk factor for the development of coronary artery disease (CAD).

Accepted Answer

High blood pressure

Answer

Regular physical activity

Answer

Balanced diet

Answer

Low cholesterol

Question 43

Which symptom is most commonly experienced during an acute myocardial infarction (AMI)?

Accepted Answer

Chest pain or discomfort

Answer

Nausea and vomiting

Answer

Shortness of breath

Answer

Fatigue and weakness

Question 44

Select the medication commonly used in the treatment of heart failure.

Accepted Answer

Digoxin

Answer

Ibuprofen

Answer

Antibiotics

Answer

Statins

Question 45

State the primary objective of cardiac rehabilitation programs.

Accepted Answer

To enhance physical function and alleviate symptoms

Answer

To establish a diagnosis for cardiovascular conditions

Answer

To conduct cardiovascular surgical procedures

Answer

To provide emergency medical care

Question 46

Identify the appropriate nursing intervention for a patient diagnosed with atrial fibrillation.

Accepted Answer

Monitor for signs and symptoms of stroke

Answer

Encourage strenuous exercise

Answer

Administer antibiotic medications

Question 47

Which type of congenital heart defect is the most prevalent?

Accepted Answer

Septal defects

Answer

Heart valve defects

Answer

Pulmonary stenosis

Answer

Congenital arrhythmias

Question 48

Identify the modifiable risk factor associated with peripheral artery disease (PAD).

Accepted Answer

Smoking

Answer

Optimal cholesterol levels

Answer

High levels of physical activity

Answer

Low body mass index (BMI)

Question 49

Indicate the first-line treatment for acute pulmonary embolism.

Accepted Answer

Anticoagulant therapy

Answer

Antibiotics

Answer

Surgical intervention

Answer

Oxygen administration

Question 50

Select the potential complication that may arise following heart surgery.

Accepted Answer

Infection

Answer

Reduced pain levels

Answer

Increased mobility

Answer

Improved cardiac function

Question 51

Describe the primary role of nurses in the management of cardiovascular disorders.

Accepted Answer

Providing patient education, monitoring symptoms, and administering medications

Answer

Establishing a diagnosis for cardiovascular conditions

Answer

Performing cardiovascular surgical procedures