Earth's Structure and Composition: Interactive Learning Quizzes

Question 1

Which part of the Earth is a solid layer made up of rocks and minerals?

Accepted Answer

Crust

Answer

Mantle

Answer

Outer core

Answer

Inner core

Question 2

Which type of rock is formed when melted rock cools and solidifies?

Accepted Answer

Igneous

Answer

Sedimentary

Answer

Metamorphic

Answer

Foliated

Question 3

What is the process by which sediments become compacted and cemented together over time?

Accepted Answer

Lithification

Answer

Weathering

Answer

Erosion

Answer

Subduction

Question 4

Which type of plate boundary occurs when two plates move away from each other?

Accepted Answer

Divergent boundary

Answer

Convergent boundary

Answer

Transform boundary

Answer

Subduction zone

Question 5

What is the primary cause of most earthquakes?

Accepted Answer

Movement of tectonic plates

Answer

Volcanic eruptions

Answer

Landslides

Answer

Tsunamis

Question 6

Which layer of the Earth has the highest temperature?

Accepted Answer

Inner Core

Answer

Crust

Answer

Mantle

Answer

Outer Core

Question 7

Which Earth layer is responsible for plate movement?

Accepted Answer

Mantle

Answer

Crust

Answer

Outer Core

Answer

Inner Core

Question 8

Which Earth layer is believed to generate the magnetic field?

Accepted Answer

Outer Core

Answer

Crust

Answer

Mantle

Answer

Inner Core

Question 9

At mid-ocean ridges, how is new crust formed?

Accepted Answer

Seafloor spreading

Answer

Subduction

Answer

Metamorphism

Answer

Volcanism

Question 10

What is the outermost solid layer of the Earth called?

Accepted Answer

Crust

Answer

Mantle

Answer

Core

Answer

Atmosphere

Question 11

What is the hottest layer of the Earth?

Accepted Answer

Core

Answer

Crust

Answer

Mantle

Answer

Atmosphere

Question 12

Which layer of the Earth is responsible for the movement of the Earth's plates?

Accepted Answer

Mantle

Answer

Crust

Answer

Core

Answer

Atmosphere

Question 13

What is the most common mineral in the Earth's crust?

Accepted Answer

Quartz

Answer

Iron

Answer

Nickel

Answer

Gold

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT found in the Earth's core?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen

Answer

Iron

Answer

Nickel

Answer

Magnesium

Question 15

What is the boundary between the Earth's crust and mantle called?

Accepted Answer

Moho

Answer

Gutenberg

Answer

Lehmann

Answer

Wiechert

Question 16

Which layer of the Earth is the thickest?

Accepted Answer

Mantle

Answer

Crust

Answer

Outer Core

Answer

Inner Core

Question 17

What is the main material that makes up the Earth's crust?

Accepted Answer

Rocks and minerals

Answer

Iron and nickel

Answer

Water

Question 18

Which layer of the Earth is the hottest, even though we cannot feel it?

Accepted Answer

Core

Answer

Crust

Answer

Mantle

Question 19

What is the main reason why Earth's large pieces, called plates, move around?

Accepted Answer

Convection currents in the mantle

Answer

Volcanic eruptions

Answer

Earthquakes

Question 20

What is the name of the boundary between the crust and the mantle?

Accepted Answer

Moho discontinuity

Answer

Gutenberg discontinuity

Answer

Asthenosphere

Question 21

Approximately how old is the Earth?

Accepted Answer

4.5 billion years

Answer

10 billion years

Answer

2 billion years

Question 22

Which type of rock is formed when lava cools and hardens?

Accepted Answer

Igneous rock

Answer

Metamorphic rock

Answer

Sedimentary rock

Question 23

Which of the following is NOT a layer of the Earth?

Accepted Answer

Atmosphere

Answer

Crust

Answer

Mantle

Answer

Core

Question 24

Which layer of the Earth is the hottest?

Accepted Answer

Core

Answer

Crust

Answer

Mantle

Answer

Atmosphere

Question 25

Which of the following is the thickest layer of the Earth?

Accepted Answer

Mantle

Answer

Crust

Answer

Core

Answer

Atmosphere

Question 26

What is the name of the boundary between the crust and the mantle?

Accepted Answer

Moho

Answer

Mohr

Answer

Mahoney

Answer

Mantle

Question 27

What is the process by which new crust is formed at mid-ocean ridges?

Accepted Answer

Divergence

Answer

Subduction

Answer

Convection

Answer

Erosion

Question 28

As you move deeper into the Earth, what happens to the temperature of the mantle?

Accepted Answer

Increases

Answer

Decreases

Answer

Stays the same

Question 29

Which of these is NOT a solid layer of the Earth?

Accepted Answer

Atmosphere

Answer

Crust

Answer

Mantle

Answer

Core

Question 30

Which layer of the Earth is the hottest and innermost?

Accepted Answer

Inner core

Answer

Crust

Answer

Mantle

Answer

Outer core

Question 31

What is the main component of the Earth's mantle?

Accepted Answer

Silicates

Answer

Iron

Answer

Carbon

Answer

Water

Question 32

Which layer of the Earth is solid and makes up the highest point of Mount Everest?

Accepted Answer

Continental crust

Answer

Upper mantle

Answer

Lower mantle

Answer

Inner core

Question 33

Why is the Earth's outer core liquid?

Accepted Answer

Extreme temperature and pressure

Answer

Presence of water

Answer

High concentration of metals

Answer

Rapid rotation of the Earth

Question 34

What is the name of the boundary between the mantle and the core?

Accepted Answer

Gutenberg discontinuity

Answer

Mohorovičić discontinuity

Answer

Conrad discontinuity

Answer

Crust-mantle boundary

Question 35

Which of the following is NOT a major layer of the Earth?

Accepted Answer

Lithosphere

Answer

Crust

Answer

Mantle

Answer

Core

Question 36

What is the collective term for the crust and upper mantle?

Accepted Answer

Lithosphere

Answer

Asthenosphere

Answer

Mesosphere

Answer

Outer crust

Question 37

Which of the following is the densest layer of the Earth?

Accepted Answer

Lower mantle

Answer

Crust

Answer

Upper mantle

Answer

Outer core

Question 38

What is the main factor responsible for the movement of tectonic plates?

Accepted Answer

Convection currents in the mantle

Answer

Gravitational pull of the moon

Answer

Earth's rotation

Answer

Solar radiation

Question 39

Which of the following scientific methods is used to study the Earth's interior?

Accepted Answer

Seismology

Answer

Paleontology

Answer

Microscopy

Answer

Remote sensing

Question 40

Which part of the Earth is on the outside?

Accepted Answer

The crust

Answer

The mantle

Answer

The core

Answer

The atmosphere

Question 41

Which part of the Earth creates convection currents?

Accepted Answer

The mantle

Answer

The crust

Answer

The core

Answer

The atmosphere

Question 42

What is the center of the Earth mostly made of?

Accepted Answer

Iron and nickel

Answer

Rocks and minerals

Answer

Water and ice

Answer

Carbon dioxide and oxygen

Question 43

How do we learn about what's inside the Earth?

Accepted Answer

Using seismic waves

Answer

Digging straight down

Answer

Looking through telescopes

Answer

Using microscopes

Question 44

Which part of the Earth is the warmest?

Accepted Answer

The core

Answer

The crust

Answer

The mantle

Answer

The atmosphere

Question 45

What is the boundary between the crust and mantle called?

Accepted Answer

The Moho

Answer

The Asthenosphere

Answer

The Mesosphere

Answer

The Exosphere

Question 46

What does the Earth's magnetic field do for us?

Accepted Answer

Shields us from harmful radiation

Answer

Helps animals find their way

Answer

Controls the tides

Answer

Provides us with energy

Question 47

The Earth is made up of several layers. Which layer is the thinnest?

Accepted Answer

Crust

Answer

Mantle

Answer

Core

Question 48

Which part of the Earth is the hottest?

Accepted Answer

Core

Answer

Crust

Answer

Mantle

Question 49

The mantle is how dense?

Accepted Answer

Between 3 and 5 g/cm³

Answer

Less than 3 g/cm³

Answer

Greater than 5 g/cm³

Question 50

What is the outermost layer of the Earth called?

Accepted Answer

Crust

Answer

Mantle

Answer

Core

Question 51

Which layer of the Earth is the hottest?

Accepted Answer

Core

Answer

Crust

Answer

Mantle

Question 52

What is the layer of the Earth primarily made of iron and nickel?

Accepted Answer

Core

Answer

Crust

Answer

Mantle

Question 53

What is the name of the field of science that studies the Earth's structure and composition?

Accepted Answer

Geology

Answer

Geography

Answer

Astronomy

Question 54

Which layer of Earth is the thickest and accounts for more than 3/4 of the planet's mass?

Accepted Answer

Mantle

Answer

Crust

Answer

Core

Question 55

The Earth's core is primarily composed of which two elements and is also believed to be extremely hot?

Accepted Answer

Iron and nickel

Answer

Rocks and minerals

Answer

Water and gases

Question 56

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the mantle, the region of Earth that lies between the crust and the core?

Accepted Answer

Very cold

Answer

Solid and rocky

Answer

Contains magma

Question 57

What is the name of the boundary that separates the crust from the mantle and is characterized by a change in composition?

Accepted Answer

Moho

Answer

Asthenosphere

Answer

Plate boundary

Question 58

How does the temperature of Earth's layers change as you move from the crust towards the core?

Accepted Answer

Increases gradually

Answer

Decreases gradually

Answer

Remains constant

Question 59

Which process is responsible for the formation of new oceanic crust?

Accepted Answer

Seafloor spreading

Answer

Subduction

Answer

Metamorphism

Question 60

What is the primary source of energy that drives the movement of tectonic plates on Earth?

Accepted Answer

Convection currents in the mantle

Answer

Gravitational forces

Answer

Solar energy

Question 61

What is the lithosphere in Earth's structure?

Accepted Answer

The outermost, rigid layer that includes the crust and the upper mantle

Answer

The liquid layer that surrounds the core

Answer

The gaseous layer that envelops Earth