Muscular System: Structure, Function, and Role in Exercise

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of skeletal muscles?

Accepted Answer

Regulating body temperature

Answer

Producing force for movement

Answer

Providing structural support

Answer

Storing and releasing energy

Question 2

Which structure transmits nerve impulses to muscle cells?

Accepted Answer

Motor neuron

Answer

Sarcolemma

Answer

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

Answer

Myofibril

Question 3

Which type of muscle contraction involves shortening the muscle?

Accepted Answer

Concentric

Answer

Eccentric

Answer

Isometric

Answer

Plyometric

Question 4

What is the connective tissue that outermost layer that envelops a muscle?

Accepted Answer

Epimysium

Answer

Endomysium

Answer

Perimysium

Answer

Fascia

Question 5

Which muscle fiber type is best suited for endurance activities?

Accepted Answer

Type I

Answer

Type IIa

Answer

Type IIx

Answer

Type III

Question 6

Which of the following is a common cause of muscle soreness?

Accepted Answer

Lactic acid accumulation

Answer

Electrolyte imbalance

Answer

Vitamin deficiency

Answer

Hormonal changes

Question 7

How does regular exercise primarily benefit the muscular system?

Accepted Answer

Increase muscle mass and strength

Answer

Improve flexibility and range of motion

Answer

Enhance metabolism and energy production

Answer

Promote healthy sleep and reduce stress

Question 8

The difference between concentric and eccentric muscle contractions is:

Accepted Answer

Concentric: Muscle shortens, Eccentric: Muscle lengthens

Answer

Concentric: Muscle lengthens, Eccentric: Muscle shortens

Answer

Concentric: Muscle remains isometric, Eccentric: Muscle lengthens

Answer

Concentric: Muscle relaxes, Eccentric: Muscle contracts

Question 9

The primary role of creatine in muscle metabolism is to:

Accepted Answer

Provide energy during high-intensity activities

Answer

Deliver oxygen to muscle cells

Answer

Promote muscle growth

Answer

Enhance muscle endurance

Question 10

Which biochemical process does NOT contribute to muscle fatigue?

Accepted Answer

Muscle protein breakdown

Answer

Glycogen depletion

Answer

Creatine phosphate depletion

Answer

Lactate accumulation

Question 11

What is the primary purpose of skeletal muscles?

Accepted Answer

To facilitate skeletal movement

Answer

To offer structural support

Answer

To maintain body temperature

Answer

To regulate blood flow

Question 12

Identify the connective tissue that links muscles to bones.

Accepted Answer

Tendons

Answer

Ligaments

Answer

Fascia

Answer

Cartilage

Question 13

Which muscle fiber type is designed for endurance, low-intensity contractions?

Accepted Answer

Type I

Answer

Type IIA

Answer

Type IIX

Answer

Type III

Question 14

What is the role of tendons within the muscular system?

Accepted Answer

To transmit force from muscles to bones

Answer

To enhance joint stability and support

Answer

To enable muscle contractions

Answer

To store and release energy

Question 15

Which type of injury involves a partial or complete tear of muscle or tendon?

Accepted Answer

Strain

Answer

Sprain

Answer

Bruise

Answer

Dislocation

Question 16

Primary Function of Skeletal Muscles

Accepted Answer

Allowing for movement

Answer

Supporting the body

Answer

Protecting internal organs

Answer

Storing energy

Question 17

Tissue Connecting Muscles to Bones

Accepted Answer

Tendons

Answer

Ligaments

Answer

Fascia

Answer

Cartilage

Question 18

Role of Lactic Acid in Muscle Fatigue

Accepted Answer

It inhibits muscle contraction.

Answer

It stimulates muscle contraction.

Answer

It provides energy for muscle contraction.

Answer

It neutralizes muscle acidity.

Question 19

Type of Exercise for Improved Muscle Endurance

Accepted Answer

Long-distance running

Answer

Heavy weightlifting

Answer

Isometric exercises

Answer

Sprint training

Question 20

Muscle Covering the Front of the Thigh

Accepted Answer

Quadriceps

Answer

Hamstrings

Answer

Calves

Answer

Gluteus maximus

Question 21

What is the role of myosin in the process of muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

Binding to actin and pulling it towards the center of the sarcomere, shortening the muscle

Answer

Releasing calcium ions from the sarcoplasmic reticulum

Answer

Splitting ATP to provide energy for contraction

Answer

Transmitting nerve impulses to the muscle

Question 22

Which of the following conditions is characterized by a decrease in muscle mass and strength, often associated with aging?

Accepted Answer

Sarcopenia

Answer

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Answer

Muscular dystrophy

Answer

Myasthenia gravis

Question 23

Which of the following exercises, when performed correctly, involves an eccentric muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

Leg press as you lower the weight

Answer

Bicep curl

Answer

Triceps extension

Answer

Hamstring curl

Question 24

What is the function of the transverse tubules in the muscle cell?

Accepted Answer

Transmitting electrical signals into the cell, allowing for rapid muscle fiber activation

Answer

Storing calcium ions

Answer

Synthesizing protein

Answer

Transporting nutrients into the cell

Question 25

Which of the following best describes a sarcomere?

Accepted Answer

The functional unit of skeletal muscle, composed of actin and myosin filaments

Answer

A group of muscle fibers

Answer

The membrane surrounding a muscle cell

Answer

A protein involved in muscle contraction

Question 26

What is the role of the Golgi tendon organ?

Accepted Answer

Detecting changes in muscle length and tension, providing feedback to the nervous system

Answer

Regulating muscle blood flow

Answer

Storing glycogen for energy production

Answer

Transmitting nerve impulses to the muscle

Question 27

What primary function do tendons perform in the muscular system?

Accepted Answer

Connecting muscles to bones

Answer

Transmitting electrical impulses

Answer

Storing energy for muscle contraction

Answer

Filtering blood

Question 28

Which type of muscle contraction involves shortening the muscle fibers?

Accepted Answer

Concentric

Answer

Eccentric

Answer

Isometric

Answer

Isokinetic

Question 29

Which molecule serves as the primary energy source for muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

ATP

Answer

Glucose

Answer

Creatine phosphate

Answer

Glycogen

Question 30

Which type of muscle fiber is responsible for powerful, rapid contractions?

Accepted Answer

Type IIb

Answer

Type I

Answer

Type IIa

Answer

Type III

Question 31

What primary role do ligaments play in the muscular system?

Accepted Answer

Connecting bones to bones

Answer

Transmitting electrical impulses

Answer

Generating force for movement

Answer

Storing energy for muscle contraction

Question 32

Which of the following exemplifies a compound muscle movement?

Accepted Answer

Jumping

Answer

Bicep curl

Answer

Calf raise

Answer

Tricep extension

Question 33

Which protein filament slides past the actin filament during muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

Myosin

Answer

Actin

Answer

Tropomyosin

Answer

Troponin

Question 34

Which type of muscle fiber is responsible for long-lasting, low-intensity muscle contractions, such as those involved in endurance activities?

Accepted Answer

Type I (slow-twitch)

Answer

Type IIa (fast-twitch oxidative)

Answer

Type IIb (fast-twitch glycolytic)

Answer

Type III (intermediate)

Question 35

What is the name of the neurotransmitter released at the neuromuscular junction, which triggers muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine

Answer

Epinephrine

Answer

Serotonin

Answer

Dopamine

Question 36

What is the primary source of energy for muscle contractions?

Accepted Answer

ATP

Answer

Glucose

Answer

Creatine phosphate

Answer

Glycogen

Question 37

Which type of muscle soreness typically occurs 24-48 hours after ungewohnte exercise and is caused by microscopic muscle damage?

Accepted Answer

Delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS)

Answer

Acute muscle fatigue

Answer

Muscle cramps

Answer

Muscle strain

Question 38

Which of the following is the main function of skeletal muscles?

Accepted Answer

To generate movement

Answer

To transport nutrients

Answer

To maintain body temperature

Answer

To protect internal organs

Question 39

Which type of muscle fiber is characterized by fast contraction and high force production?

Accepted Answer

Type IIb

Answer

Type I

Answer

Type IIa

Answer

Type IIc

Question 40

Which of the following describes a muscle twitch?

Accepted Answer

Latent period, contraction phase, relaxation phase

Answer

Contraction phase, relaxation phase, latent period

Answer

Latent period, relaxation phase, contraction phase

Answer

Relaxation phase, latent period, contraction phase

Question 41

Which of the following is not considered a form of muscular endurance exercise?

Accepted Answer

Weightlifting

Answer

Long-distance running

Answer

Cycling

Answer

Swimming

Question 42

What is the basic structural and functional unit of the muscular system?

Accepted Answer

Muscle fiber

Answer

Muscle

Answer

Tendon

Answer

Ligament

Question 43

What is the primary role of tendons in the muscular system?

Accepted Answer

Connecting muscles to bones

Answer

Providing support to joints

Answer

Storing energy for contraction

Answer

Transmitting nerve signals

Question 44

Which type of muscle fiber is known for its rapid and powerful contractions?

Accepted Answer

Type IIx fibers: Fast-twitch, glycolytic

Answer

Type I fibers: Slow-twitch

Answer

Type IIa fibers: Fast-twitch, oxidative

Answer

Type IIc fibers: Fast-twitch, intermediate

Question 45

Which theory explains the mechanism of muscle contraction at the molecular level?

Accepted Answer

Sliding filament theory

Answer

Calcium ion release theory

Answer

ATP hydrolysis theory

Answer

Neural stimulation theory