Threats to Information Security: Types and Mitigation Strategies

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a natural disaster that can threaten information security?

Accepted Answer

Power surges

Answer

Floods

Answer

Earthquakes

Answer

Tornadoes

Question 2

Which type of human error can lead to the accidental deletion of sensitive data?

Accepted Answer

Accidental deletion

Answer

Improper configuration of security settings

Answer

Falling for phishing attacks

Answer

Opening malicious email attachments

Question 3

Which type of mitigation strategy involves implementing physical barriers and enforcing security protocols?

Accepted Answer

Preventive measures

Answer

Detective measures

Answer

Corrective measures

Answer

Compensatory measures

Question 4

Which type of malware encrypts files and demands payment for their release?

Accepted Answer

Ransomware

Answer

Virus

Answer

Trojan horse

Answer

Worm

Question 5

Which type of security assessment involves testing the effectiveness of implemented security controls?

Accepted Answer

Penetration testing

Answer

Vulnerability assessment

Answer

Risk assessment

Answer

Threat assessment

Question 6

Which of the following is a legal requirement for protecting healthcare data in the US?

Accepted Answer

HIPAA

Answer

PCI DSS

Answer

GDPR

Answer

ISO 27001

Question 7

Which action is considered a malicious attack on an information system?

Accepted Answer

An unauthorized individual accessing a computer network

Answer

An electrical outage caused by a storm

Answer

An unintentional deletion of sensitive data by an employee

Answer

A software update that introduces a vulnerability

Question 8

Identify the option that is NOT considered a natural disaster posing a threat to information security:

Accepted Answer

Computer virus

Answer

Earthquake

Answer

Flood

Answer

Hurricane

Question 9

Which human error is a significant contributor to data breaches within information security?

Accepted Answer

Negligence

Answer

Phishing attacks

Answer

Power outages

Answer

Hardware failure

Question 10

Which mitigation strategy involves regularly creating and maintaining backups of critical data?

Accepted Answer

Data backup

Answer

Encryption

Answer

Firewall configuration

Answer

Intrusion detection

Question 11

What is the fundamental purpose of a firewall in an information security system?

Accepted Answer

Prevent unauthorized access to data

Answer

Detect and block malicious software

Answer

Encrypt sensitive information

Answer

Monitor and report security events

Question 12

What is the primary goal of a risk assessment in information security?

Accepted Answer

Identify potential security threats and vulnerabilities

Answer

Develop and implement mitigation strategies

Answer

Monitor and respond to security incidents

Answer

Train employees on security best practices

Question 13

Which of the following is a recommended practice for creating strong and secure passwords?

Accepted Answer

Use a combination of letters, numbers, and symbols

Answer

Include personal information

Answer

Keep passwords simple and easy to recall

Answer

Use the same password for multiple accounts

Question 14

What is the primary role of encryption in protecting information security?

Accepted Answer

Converts data into an unreadable format

Answer

Authenticates users and verifies their identities

Answer

Detects and responds to security threats

Answer

Monitors network traffic for suspicious activity

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a natural disaster that can threaten information security?

Accepted Answer

Malware attacks

Answer

Earthquakes

Answer

Tornadoes

Answer

Power surges

Question 16

Which of the following is a common type of malware that can encrypt data and demand a ransom payment?

Accepted Answer

Ransomware

Answer

Virus

Answer

Trojan horse

Answer

Spyware

Question 17

What is the purpose of a firewall in an information security system?

Accepted Answer

To block unauthorized access to a network

Answer

To detect and remove malware

Answer

To create backups of important data

Answer

To monitor network traffic

Question 18

What is the main purpose of an intrusion detection system (IDS)?

Accepted Answer

To identify and alert on unauthorized access to a system

Answer

To prevent unauthorized access to a system

Answer

To recover data after a breach

Answer

To create secure backups

Question 19

How can a natural disaster impact the availability, integrity, and confidentiality of data stored in a data center?

Accepted Answer

Loss of data access and unauthorized access

Answer

Enhanced data integrity and improved network connectivity

Answer

No impact on information security

Answer

Increased data redundancy and effective disaster recovery plans

Question 20

What's the main reason for conducting a risk assessment in information security?

Accepted Answer

To assess the likelihood and potential impact of threats

Answer

To find possible threats only

Answer

To create mitigation strategies only

Question 21

Which of the following is an example of a human error that could lead to an information security breach?

Accepted Answer

Accidentally deleting important files

Answer

Natural disasters, such as hurricanes

Answer

Intentional cyber attacks by hackers

Question 22

What is a potential disadvantage of performing a security assessment?

Accepted Answer

Being expensive and requiring significant time

Answer

Identifying vulnerabilities

Answer

Enhancing information security posture

Question 23

What type of human error can unintentionally compromise information security?

Accepted Answer

Accidental deletion of critical files

Answer

Buffer overflow

Answer

Software piracy

Answer

Unapproved data access

Question 24

Which type of malicious attack attempts to gain unauthorized access to a computer system or network by exploiting system vulnerabilities?

Accepted Answer

Hacking

Answer

Denial-of-service attack

Answer

Phishing

Answer

Malware

Question 25

What is a significant potential impact of information security threats on an organization?

Accepted Answer

Data breach

Answer

Increased employee morale

Answer

Enhanced customer satisfaction

Answer

Improved financial performance

Question 26

Which of the following is a key component of an effective mitigation strategy against information security threats?

Accepted Answer

Regular system updates

Answer

Disabling security features

Answer

Reducing staff training on security practices

Answer

Ignoring potential vulnerabilities

Question 27

Which technology is commonly used for encrypting data to protect it from unauthorized access?

Accepted Answer

Cryptography

Answer

Biometrics

Answer

Steganography

Question 28

What is a key function of an information security policy?

Accepted Answer

Establishing guidelines for acceptable use and security practices

Answer

Promoting risky behavior that could compromise security

Answer

Allowing employees to bypass security protocols

Answer

Granting unlimited access to sensitive data

Question 29

What is the fundamental information security principle known as the CIA triad?

Accepted Answer

Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability

Answer

Access, Control, and Audit

Answer

Encryption, Decryption, and Hashing

Answer

Vulnerability, Threat, and Risk

Question 30

Which of the following is a recommended practice for creating robust passwords?

Accepted Answer

Using a combination of upper and lowercase letters, numbers, and symbols

Answer

Reusing the same password for multiple accounts

Answer

Choosing passwords that are easy to guess

Question 31

Identify the disaster that is not considered a natural threat to information security:

Accepted Answer

Power outage

Answer

Fire

Answer

Flood

Answer

Earthquake

Question 32

Which common human error can lead to information security breaches?

Accepted Answer

Accidental deletion of files

Answer

Phishing

Answer

Denial-of-service attack

Answer

Malware installation

Question 33

Which type of malicious attack aims to acquire sensitive data?

Accepted Answer

Phishing

Answer

SQL injection

Answer

Malware attack

Answer

DDoS attack

Question 34

Identify the recommended mitigation strategy to safeguard against natural disasters:

Accepted Answer

Regular data backups

Answer

User training on phishing

Answer

Implementing firewalls

Answer

Installing antivirus software

Question 35

Select the benefit associated with implementing multi-factor authentication:

Accepted Answer

Enhanced security against unauthorized access

Answer

Improved user experience

Answer

Reduced risk of data loss

Answer

Lower maintenance costs

Question 36

Which password management practice is considered a best practice?

Accepted Answer

Using strong and unique passwords

Answer

Storing passwords on personal computers

Answer

Sharing passwords with colleagues

Answer

Using the same password for multiple accounts

Question 37

Which of the following is considered a natural disaster that can jeopardize information security?

Accepted Answer

Earthquake

Answer

Hacker attack

Answer

Spam

Answer

Software bug

Question 38

Which of the following is a common human error that can compromise information security?

Accepted Answer

Leaving a password written on a sticky note

Answer

Backing up data frequently

Answer

Updating software regularly

Answer

Installing antivirus software

Question 39

Which type of malicious attack involves sending unsolicited emails containing malicious links?

Accepted Answer

Phishing

Answer

Malware

Answer

Hacking

Answer

DDoS attack

Question 40

Which of the following is a common strategy used to mitigate the risk of a DDoS attack?

Accepted Answer

Implementing rate-limiting techniques

Answer

Implementing two-factor authentication

Answer

Backing up data regularly

Answer

Installing antivirus software

Question 41

Which of the following is NOT a type of information security threat?

Accepted Answer

User training

Answer

Insider attack

Answer

Spam

Answer

Malware

Question 42

Which of the following is a benefit of using data encryption?

Accepted Answer

Protects data both during transmission and while at rest

Answer

Speeds up data transfer rates

Answer

Increases data storage capacity

Answer

Reduces the risk of data corruption

Question 43

Which of the following is a potential consequence of a successful malware attack?

Accepted Answer

Data loss or corruption

Answer

Increased network speed

Answer

Improved system performance

Answer

Enhanced security

Question 44

Which of the following is NOT considered a natural disaster threat to information security?

Accepted Answer

Cyber attack

Answer

Fire

Answer

Flood

Answer

Earthquake

Question 45

Which human error poses the greatest risk of leading to a security breach?

Accepted Answer

Clicking on phishing links

Answer

Leaving confidential documents unattended

Answer

Using weak passwords

Answer

Forgetting to lock a computer

Question 46

Which type of malicious attack primarily aims to obtain sensitive information?

Accepted Answer

Phishing

Answer

Ransomware

Answer

Malware

Answer

DDoS

Question 47

What primary benefit does implementing a disaster recovery plan provide?

Accepted Answer

Reduces downtime and data loss in the event of a disaster

Answer

Eliminates all security threats

Answer

Lowers the expenses associated with security breaches

Question 48

What is the key distinction between malware and ransomware?

Accepted Answer

Malware may steal data, while ransomware encrypts data and demands payment for decryption.

Answer

Malware is inherently more damaging than ransomware.

Answer

Ransomware exclusively spreads through email attachments.

Question 49

Which practice is most effective in safeguarding against phishing attacks?

Accepted Answer

Hover over links before clicking to verify their legitimacy

Answer

Always click on links in emails that appear genuine

Answer

Never open emails from unfamiliar senders

Question 50

What is the primary purpose of encryption in information security?

Accepted Answer

Protects data by converting it into an unreadable format

Answer

Detects and removes malware

Answer

Backs up data in the event of a disaster

Question 51

What is a potential disadvantage of implementing strong password policies?

Accepted Answer

They can be challenging to remember

Answer

They requirefrequent updates

Answer

They are ineffective against certain types of attacks

Question 52

What is the initial step in establishing a robust information security policy?

Accepted Answer

Identify and evaluate potential threats

Answer

Purchase security software

Answer

Train employees on security best practices

Answer

Implement a disaster recovery plan