Crime and Society: Nature, Causes, and Impact - Criminal Justice II

Question 1

What is the primary objective of crime prevention initiatives?

Accepted Answer

To reduce the likelihood of criminal activity

Answer

To apprehend criminals

Answer

To punish criminals

Answer

To rehabilitate criminals

Question 2

What is the term for the process by which individuals acquire the values and norms of their society?

Accepted Answer

Socialization

Answer

Acculturation

Answer

Assimilation

Answer

Integration

Question 3

What is the term for the belief that crime is unavoidable and cannot be prevented?

Accepted Answer

Fatalism

Answer

Determinism

Answer

Nihilism

Answer

Pessimism

Question 4

What is the legal process through which a prosecutor formally charges an individual with a crime?

Accepted Answer

Indictment

Answer

Arraignment

Answer

Plea bargain

Answer

Sentencing

Question 5

Which factor, according to social disorganization theory, does NOT contribute to crime?

Accepted Answer

Strong community bonds

Answer

Residential instability

Answer

Lack of social control

Answer

High levels of poverty

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a widely accepted theory of crime causation?

Accepted Answer

Biological determinism

Answer

Social disorganization theory

Answer

Strain theory

Question 7

Which method of crime measurement relies on data collected from people who have been victimized by crime?

Accepted Answer

National Crime Victimization Survey

Answer

Uniform Crime Reports

Answer

Self-report studies

Answer

Social media analysis

Question 8

What is the process by which individuals adopt the values and behaviors of their social environment called?

Accepted Answer

Socialization

Answer

Deviance

Answer

Assimilation

Answer

Control

Question 9

What is the principle that punishment should be proportional to the severity of the crime known as?

Accepted Answer

Retribution

Answer

Deterrence

Answer

Rehabilitation

Answer

Incapacitation

Question 10

What is the main purpose of crime prevention programs?

Accepted Answer

To prevent crime from occurring

Answer

To punish criminals

Answer

To rehabilitate offenders

Answer

To provide support to victims

Question 11

Identify the primary limitation of community policing as a crime prevention strategy:

Accepted Answer

Insufficient resources and training for officers

Answer

Increased police presence in high-crime areas

Answer

Improved community relations

Answer

Guaranteed reduction in crime rates

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a potential psychological consequence of being a victim of crime?

Accepted Answer

Increased feeling of self-confidence

Answer

Anxiety

Answer

Depression

Answer

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

Question 13

Which type of crime measurement method involves collecting data from individuals who have been victims of crime?

Accepted Answer

Victimization surveys

Answer

Official statistics

Answer

Self-report studies

Answer

Observational studies

Question 14

According to the Federal Bureau of Investigation's Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) system, which of the following is classified as a violent crime?

Accepted Answer

Assault

Answer

Larceny

Answer

Burglary

Answer

Arson

Question 15

Which theory of crime causation emphasizes the influence of learning and environmental factors?

Accepted Answer

Learning theory

Answer

Biological theory

Answer

Social conflict theory

Answer

Rational choice theory

Question 16

What is a major limitation of official crime statistics as a measure of crime rates?

Accepted Answer

They only include reported crimes.

Answer

They are biased towards certain types of crimes.

Answer

They are too costly to collect.

Answer

They are not reliable.

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a major goal of crime prevention?

Accepted Answer

Increasing fear of crime

Answer

Reducing crime rates

Answer

Improving community safety

Answer

Promoting social justice

Question 18

Which crime measurement method depends heavily on people reporting their own experiences and is thus most likely to have cases go unreported?

Accepted Answer

Victimization surveys

Answer

Official crime statistics

Answer

Crime mapping

Answer

Observational methods

Question 19

Which of the following is included in the Uniform Crime Report's (UCR) index crimes?

Accepted Answer

Robbery

Answer

Shoplifting

Answer

Vandalism

Answer

Drug possession

Question 20

According to social control theory, individuals are less likely to commit crimes when they have strong:

Accepted Answer

Both internal and external controls

Answer

Internal controls

Answer

External controls

Answer

Neither internal nor external controls

Question 21

Which of the following is a primary goal of criminal rehabilitation?

Accepted Answer

To reduce recidivism

Answer

To punish offenders

Answer

To deter future crime

Answer

To compensate victims

Question 22

Which crime category is NOT included in the FBI's Uniform Crime Reporting Program?

Accepted Answer

Fraud

Answer

Murder

Answer

Robbery

Answer

Burglary

Question 23

Which of the following is NOT included in the Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program?

Accepted Answer

Unreported offenses known to law enforcement

Answer

Reported index crimes

Answer

Arrest data from participating agencies

Question 24

Which theory of crime causation emphasizes the influence of social and economic conditions on criminal behavior?

Accepted Answer

Sociological theory

Answer

Rational choice theory

Answer

Biological theory

Answer

Psychological theory

Question 25

What is the primary method employed to measure crime in the United States?

Accepted Answer

Uniform Crime Reports (UCR)

Answer

Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) crime statistics

Answer

National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS)

Answer

Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) reports

Question 26

Which of the following is not classified as a violent crime?

Accepted Answer

Larceny

Answer

Robbery

Answer

Homicide

Answer

Assault

Question 27

What term describes the fear or perception of crime, regardless of actual occurrence?

Accepted Answer

Crime fear

Answer

Crime rate

Answer

Crime victimization

Answer

Crime incidence

Question 28

Which of the following is a recognized social consequence of crime?

Accepted Answer

Increased healthcare expenses

Answer

Increased property values

Answer

Increased tax revenue

Answer

Increased tourism

Question 29

What process describes the involvement of an individual in criminal activities?

Accepted Answer

Criminal socialization

Answer

Criminal pathology

Answer

Criminal retribution

Answer

Criminal deviance

Question 30

Which type of crime involves the illegal acquisition of property from another individual?

Accepted Answer

Property crime

Answer

White-collar crime

Answer

Violent crime

Answer

Organized crime

Question 31

What is a defining characteristic of organized crime?

Accepted Answer

Hierarchical structure

Answer

Low level of violence

Answer

Petty offenses

Answer

Individualistic approach

Question 32

What is the central aim of restorative justice?

Accepted Answer

Healing relationships and repairing harm

Answer

Incapacitating criminals

Answer

Punishing offenders

Answer

Deterrence

Question 33

Which of the following is a key element of crime prevention?

Accepted Answer

Community policing

Answer

Mandatory minimums

Answer

Enhanced sentencing

Answer

Increased surveillance

Question 34

Which of the following is NOT a primary source of crime data in the United States?

Accepted Answer

Census Bureau

Answer

Uniform Crime Reports (UCR)

Answer

National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS)

Answer

Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS)

Question 35

Which of the following is NOT a widely recognized major theory of crime causation?

Accepted Answer

Free will

Answer

Biological

Answer

Psychological

Answer

Sociological

Question 36

Which of the following is a potential consequence of crime victimization?

Accepted Answer

Psychological trauma

Answer

Increased community engagement

Answer

Improved economic opportunities

Answer

Enhanced social capital

Question 37

Which of the following is a key distinction between the classical and positivist schools of criminology?

Accepted Answer

Emphasis on free will versus determinism

Answer

Prevention strategies

Answer

Role of punishment

Answer

Causes of crime

Question 38

Which of the following is a crime prevention strategy that focuses on reducing opportunities for crime?

Accepted Answer

Situational crime prevention

Answer

Incapacitation

Answer

Deterrence

Answer

Rehabilitation

Question 39

Which of the following is a central goal of restorative justice?

Accepted Answer

Repairing harm and restoring relationships

Answer

Preventing future offenses

Answer

Protecting the rights of victims

Answer

Punishing offenders severely

Question 40

Which theory of crime causation emphasizes the role of social inequalities and power imbalances in shaping criminal behavior?

Accepted Answer

Social Conflict Theory

Answer

Psychological Theory

Answer

Biological Theory

Answer

Rational Choice Theory

Question 41

Which method of crime measurement collects data from official police records?

Accepted Answer

Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program

Answer

Crime Mapping

Answer

National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS)

Answer

Self-Report Survey

Question 42

Which demographic group has consistently higher victimization rates for violent crimes?

Accepted Answer

Young males

Answer

Minority women

Answer

White-collar workers

Answer

Elderly women

Question 43

Which of the following is considered a status offense for minors?

Accepted Answer

Truancy

Answer

Cybercrime

Answer

Murder

Answer

Terrorism

Question 44

What is a defining characteristic of white-collar crime?

Accepted Answer

Non-violent financial crimes committed by individuals in positions of trust

Answer

Crimes motivated by hate or prejudice

Answer

Crimes committed by organized criminal groups

Question 45

What is the primary distinction between a felony and a misdemeanor?

Accepted Answer

Felonies are more severe crimes punishable by potential imprisonment, while misdemeanors are less severe with lesser penalties

Answer

Felonies are committed by adults, while misdemeanors are committed by juveniles

Question 46

Which of the following has been a significant trend in crime rates in the United States in recent years?

Accepted Answer

Declining overall crime rates

Answer

Increasing violent crime rates

Answer

Stabilizing crime rates

Answer

Rising property crime rates

Question 47

Which of the following is NOT a factor that can contribute to crime causation, according to strain theory?

Accepted Answer

Genetic makeup

Answer

Social injustice

Answer

Economic inequality

Answer

Frustration and strain

Question 48

Which data source is most widely used for measuring crime rates in the United States?

Accepted Answer

Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program

Answer

National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS)

Answer

National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS)

Answer

FBI arrest statistics

Question 49

Which of the following is considered a violent crime according to the Federal Bureau of Investigation's (FBI) classification system?

Accepted Answer

Assault with a deadly weapon

Answer

Theft

Answer

Forgery

Answer

Fraud

Question 50

Which of the following is a social cost of crime?

Accepted Answer

Increased healthcare expenses

Answer

Enhanced police presence

Answer

Increased tax revenue

Answer

Profit for criminals

Question 51

Which of the following is a key principle of the differential association theory?

Accepted Answer

Crime is learned through interaction with delinquent peers

Answer

Crime is a product of social disorganization

Answer

Crime is inevitable

Answer

Crime is caused by biological factors

Question 52

Which of the following is an advantage of using victimization surveys to measure crime?

Accepted Answer

Provides data on unreported crimes

Answer

More accurate than police reports

Answer

Less expensive to conduct

Question 53

Which of the following is a risk factor for becoming a juvenile delinquent?

Accepted Answer

School truancy

Answer

High Intelligence Quotient (IQ)

Answer

Positive peer relationships

Question 54

Which of the following is a goal of restorative justice?

Accepted Answer

Healing the harm caused by crime

Answer

Incapacitation of criminals

Answer

Punishment of criminals to the fullest extent

Answer

Deterrence of future crime

Question 55

Which of the following is a type of property crime?

Accepted Answer

Burglary

Answer

Assault

Answer

Homicide