Hypothesis Testing in Nursing: Master the Basics with Engaging Quizzes

Question 1

Which of the following is the Type I error in hypothesis testing?

Accepted Answer

Rejecting H0 when it is true

Answer

Failing to reject H0 when it is false

Answer

Accepting H1 when it is false

Answer

Failing to accept H1 when it is true

Question 2

Which of the following is the alternative hypothesis (H1) for testing the claim that the average height of adults in a certain population is not equal to 70 inches?

Accepted Answer

H1: μ ≠ 70

Answer

H1: μ = 70

Answer

H1: μ > 70

Answer

H1: μ < 70

Question 3

Which statement proposes the absence of a difference between the groups being compared?

Accepted Answer

Null hypothesis

Answer

Alternative hypothesis

Answer

Research hypothesis

Answer

Statistical hypothesis

Question 4

What occurs in a Type I error?

Accepted Answer

Rejection of the null hypothesis when it is true.

Answer

Failure to reject the null hypothesis when it is false.

Answer

Obtaining a significant p-value.

Answer

Obtaining a non-significant p-value.

Question 5

The p-value represents the:

Accepted Answer

Probability of obtaining a test statistic as extreme or more extreme than the observed one, assuming the null hypothesis is true.

Answer

Probability of rejecting the null hypothesis.

Answer

Probability of making a Type I error.

Answer

Probability of making a Type II error.

Question 6

In hypothesis testing, what is the characteristic of a Type II error?

Accepted Answer

Failing to reject a false null hypothesis

Answer

Rejecting a true null hypothesis

Answer

Failing to reject a true null hypothesis

Question 7

In hypothesis testing, which statement represents the alternative hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

The sample mean is not equal to the hypothesized mean.

Answer

The null hypothesis is false.

Answer

The null hypothesis is true.

Answer

The sample mean is equal to the hypothesized mean.

Question 8

In hypothesis testing, what is the probability of rejecting a true null hypothesis known as?

Accepted Answer

Type I error

Answer

Type II error

Answer

Significance level

Answer

Power

Question 9

What is the primary purpose of calculating a p-value?

Accepted Answer

To assess the strength of evidence against the null hypothesis

Answer

To determine whether the null hypothesis is true

Answer

To determine whether the alternative hypothesis is true

Answer

To calculate the Type II error rate

Question 10

Which of the following is a potential consequence of a Type II error?

Accepted Answer

Failing to reject a false null hypothesis

Answer

Rejecting a true null hypothesis

Answer

Accepting an alternative hypothesis that is not supported by the data

Answer

Calculating an incorrect p-value

Question 11

What is the fundamental difference between a one-tailed and a two-tailed hypothesis test?

Accepted Answer

One-tailed tests test one direction of difference; two-tailed tests test both directions.

Answer

One-tailed tests have a higher significance level; two-tailed tests have a lower significance level.

Answer

One-tailed tests require a larger sample size; two-tailed tests require a smaller sample size.

Answer

One-tailed tests are only used for large datasets; two-tailed tests are only used for small datasets.

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of a common non-parametric hypothesis test?

Accepted Answer

Chi-square test

Answer

t-test

Answer

ANOVA

Answer

Regression analysis

Question 13

What is the primary objective of conducting a power analysis?

Accepted Answer

To determine the sample size necessary for a study

Answer

To calculate the probability of accepting a false null hypothesis

Answer

To assess the reliability of a measurement tool

Answer

To estimate the effect size of a study

Question 14

Which statement correctly defines the null hypothesis (H0)?

Accepted Answer

The null hypothesis proposes that there is no significant difference between the groups being compared.

Answer

The null hypothesis claims that the alternative hypothesis is true.

Answer

The null hypothesis suggests that the observed data is statistically significant.

Question 15

Which of the following is not a sequential step in hypothesis testing?

Accepted Answer

Gathering data after formulating the hypotheses

Answer

Stating the null and alternative hypotheses

Answer

Setting the significance level

Question 16

What type of error occurs when the null hypothesis is valid, but the test statistic leads to its rejection?

Accepted Answer

Type I error

Answer

Type II error

Answer

Measurement error

Answer

Sampling error

Question 17

How does hypothesis testing benefit nursing research?

Accepted Answer

It enables nurses to make informed decisions based on statistical evidence.

Answer

It eliminates the need for data collection.

Answer

It guarantees statistically significant results.

Question 18

What is the primary purpose of a significance level in hypothesis testing?

Accepted Answer

To control the probability of committing a Type I error.

Answer

To compute the p-value

Answer

To determine the sample size

Question 19

What is the alternative hypothesis (Ha) in a hypothesis test?

Accepted Answer

The hypothesis that contradicts the null hypothesis.

Answer

The hypothesis that the data is statistically significant.

Answer

The hypothesis that the null hypothesis is true.

Question 20

A researcher aims to test whether a novel medication effectively reduces blood pressure. They formulate the null hypothesis as: 'The medication has no effect on blood pressure.' What is the appropriate alternative hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

The medication reduces blood pressure.

Answer

The medication has a small effect on blood pressure.

Answer

The medication increases blood pressure.

Answer

The medication has an unknown effect on blood pressure.

Question 21

In a hypothesis testing scenario, the researcher sets the significance level (alpha) at 0.05. What does this signify?

Accepted Answer

If the null hypothesis is actually true, there is a 5% probability of rejecting it.

Answer

If the null hypothesis is false, there is a 95% probability of rejecting it.

Answer

If the alternative hypothesis is true, there is a 5% probability of accepting it.

Question 22

In a hypothesis testing scenario, the researcher fails to reject the null hypothesis. Which of the following is a plausible explanation?

Accepted Answer

The sample size may have been insufficient to detect a meaningful difference.

Answer

The alternative hypothesis is unquestionably true.

Answer

The null hypothesis is irrefutably true.

Question 23

A research study seeks to investigate the relationship between the number of hours nurses work per week and their job satisfaction. Which type of hypothesis test would be most appropriate for this scenario?

Accepted Answer

Correlation analysis

Answer

Chi-square test

Answer

Two-sample t-test

Answer

One-way ANOVA

Question 24

A study reports a p-value of 0.02. What does this result indicate?

Accepted Answer

If the null hypothesis is true, there is a 2% chance of observing the obtained results.

Answer

The alternative hypothesis is definitely true.

Answer

The null hypothesis is definitely false.

Question 25

Which of the following is NOT a crucial step in the process of hypothesis testing?

Accepted Answer

Formulating a research hypothesis

Answer

Calculating the test statistic

Answer

Selecting a significance level

Answer

Formulating the null and alternative hypotheses

Question 26

In hypothesis testing, a Type I error occurs when:

Accepted Answer

The null hypothesis is rejected when it is actually true.

Answer

The alternative hypothesis is rejected when it is actually false.

Answer

The null hypothesis is accepted when it is actually false.