Social Influence: Understanding How Others Shape Our Behavior

Question 1

Which of the following is a technique used in persuasion that appeals to the listener's emotions?

Accepted Answer

Pathos

Answer

Logos

Answer

Ethos

Answer

Kairos

Question 2

What is the term for the tendency for individuals to conform to group norms even when they privately disagree?

Accepted Answer

Groupthink

Answer

Socialization

Answer

Cognitive dissonance

Answer

Social loafing

Question 3

The Asch conformity experiments demonstrated the power of which social influence factor?

Accepted Answer

Group unanimity

Answer

Group size

Answer

Group status

Answer

Personal beliefs

Question 4

Which of the following is a strategy for resisting persuasive messages?

Accepted Answer

Critical thinking

Answer

Emotional appeals

Answer

Group support

Answer

Distraction

Question 5

The study by Zimbardo and colleagues on the Stanford Prison Experiment is an example of which type of research design?

Accepted Answer

Laboratory experiment

Answer

Naturalistic observation

Answer

Survey

Answer

Longitudinal study

Question 6

Which of the following is a key characteristic of the bystander effect?

Accepted Answer

Diffusion of responsibility

Answer

Pluralistic ignorance

Answer

Social loafing

Answer

Groupthink

Question 7

Social norms refer to:

Accepted Answer

Unwritten rules and expectations that guide behavior within a group

Answer

Laws and regulations enforced by society

Answer

Personal values and beliefs

Answer

Traditions and customs passed down from generation to generation

Question 8

Which technique leverages social pressure to create conformity?

Accepted Answer

Normative social influence

Answer

Informational social influence

Answer

Coercion

Answer

Persuasion

Question 9

Who conducted the renowned experiments examining obedience to authority?

Accepted Answer

Stanley Milgram

Answer

Leon Festinger

Answer

Solomon Asch

Answer

Carl Rogers

Question 10

What is the primary characteristic of the central route of persuasion?

Accepted Answer

Encourages thoughtful consideration and critical thinking

Answer

Relies on emotional appeals and simplified heuristics

Answer

Emphasizes logical arguments to sway the audience

Answer

Focuses on relationship building and trust

Question 11

In the Milgram experiment, what was the 'learner' instructed to do upon making a mistake?

Accepted Answer

Receive an electric shock

Answer

Receive a negative evaluation

Answer

Withdraw from the experiment

Answer

Report the error to the experimenter

Question 12

How does the presence of others generally affect performance on challenging tasks?

Accepted Answer

It can both enhance and hinder performance

Answer

It invariably enhances performance

Answer

It always impairs performance

Answer

It has no effect on performance

Question 13

Which factor does NOT influence conformity?

Accepted Answer

Personal independence

Answer

Informational social influence

Answer

Normative social influence

Answer

Group size

Question 14

Stanley Milgram's experiment on obedience showed that:

Accepted Answer

Most people are willing to obey authority figures, even when it conflicts with their personal beliefs.

Answer

Obedience increases when the authority figure is physically close.

Answer

People are more likely to obey when in a group.

Answer

Obedience is a fixed personality trait.

Question 15

According to the elaboration likelihood model, which persuasion route leads to more enduring attitude change?

Accepted Answer

Central route

Answer

Peripheral route

Answer

Both routes are equally effective.

Answer

It depends on the person's involvement with the issue.

Question 16

The bystander effect occurs when:

Accepted Answer

Individuals are less likely to help someone in need when others are present.

Answer

Individuals are more likely to help someone in need when others are not present.

Answer

Individuals are more likely to help someone in need when in a group.

Answer

Individuals are less likely to help someone in need when alone.

Question 17

Which cognitive bias makes us more likely to conform to the actions of others?

Accepted Answer

Social Proof

Answer

Hindsight Bias

Answer

Confirmation Bias

Answer

Availability Heuristic

Question 18

Social facilitation occurs when:

Accepted Answer

The presence of others improves performance on well-learned tasks.

Answer

The presence of others hinders performance on complex tasks.

Answer

The presence of others has no effect on performance.

Answer

Both (A) and (B).

Question 19

Stanley Milgram's renowned obedience experiments primarily demonstrated that:

Accepted Answer

Individuals are highly susceptible to obeying authority figures, potentially compromising their own moral principles.

Answer

Obedience is more prevalent in public settings compared to private ones.

Answer

Gender and age significantly influence obedience levels.

Answer

People with certain personality traits are more likely to obey authority.

Question 20

According to the Elaboration Likelihood Model, which route to persuasion is more likely to result in long-lasting changes in attitudes and beliefs?

Accepted Answer

Central route processing, involving careful evaluation of arguments and evidence

Answer

Peripheral route processing, influenced by superficial cues and emotional appeals

Answer

Both central and peripheral route processing can lead to lasting attitude change.

Answer

Neither central nor peripheral route processing can guarantee lasting attitude change.

Question 21

How does the phenomenon of social loafing typically affect group performance?

Accepted Answer

Diminishes group productivity as individuals exert less effort in collective tasks

Answer

Enhances group productivity due to increased individual accountability

Answer

Has no significant impact on group performance

Answer

Can either increase or decrease group productivity depending on the task and group dynamics

Question 22

According to social identity theory, people are more likely to identify with groups that:

Accepted Answer

Boost their self-esteem

Answer

Diminish their personal identity

Answer

Promote social harmony

Question 23

The Milgram experiment primarily demonstrated the power of which type of social influence?

Accepted Answer

Obedience

Answer

Conformity

Answer

Persuasion

Answer

Groupthink

Question 24

Which cognitive bias refers to the tendency to attribute others' behavior to internal factors and our own behavior to external factors?

Accepted Answer

Fundamental attribution error

Answer

Confirmation bias

Answer

Hindsight bias

Answer

Availability bias

Question 25

According to the Elaboration Likelihood Model, when individuals are highly motivated and have the cognitive capacity, they are more likely to engage in which type of processing?

Accepted Answer

Central route

Answer

Peripheral route

Answer

Heuristic route

Answer

Systematic route

Question 26

Which of the following is a strategy used to resist social influence?

Accepted Answer

Reactance

Answer

Compliance

Answer

Internalization

Answer

Identification

Question 27

The Milgram experiment, conducted by Stanley Milgram, primarily demonstrated the power of:

Accepted Answer

Obedience to authority

Answer

Conformity to group norms

Answer

Persuasion techniques

Answer

Social facilitation

Question 28

The 'foot-in-the-door' technique in persuasion involves:

Accepted Answer

Making a small request before a larger one

Answer

Appealing to emotions and personal values

Answer

Using logical arguments and evidence

Answer

Providing monetary incentives or rewards

Question 29

As per social identity theory, individuals strive to:

Accepted Answer

Maximize their self-esteem and positive self-concept

Answer

Conform strictly to group norms

Answer

Obey and respect authority figures

Answer

Avoid and minimize social conflict

Question 30

The concept of 'cognitive dissonance' refers to the state of:

Accepted Answer

Holding two or more contradictory beliefs or attitudes

Answer

Experiencing discomfort or tension after making a decision

Answer

Attributing behavior to external factors

Answer

Seeking out information that confirms existing beliefs

Question 31

A key distinction between informational influence and normative influence is that:

Accepted Answer

Normative influence involves changing our behavior, while informational influence involves changing our beliefs

Answer

Informational influence involves changing our beliefs, while normative influence involves changing our behavior

Answer

Both types of influence involve changing our beliefs and behavior

Answer

There is no significant difference between informational and normative influence

Question 32

The social identity theory suggests that individuals:

Accepted Answer

Seek to maintain a positive self-concept through association with their social groups

Answer

Are primarily influenced by their personal values and beliefs

Answer

Resist social categorization and prefer to be independent

Answer

Are immune to the effects of social comparisons

Question 33

Which of the following is an example of minority influence in a social situation?

Accepted Answer

A small group of animal rights activists gradually convincing a community to adopt pet adoption over purchasing from breeders

Answer

A celebrity endorsing a product, leading to a surge in sales

Answer

A majority vote swaying the decision-making of a committee

Answer

A manager using their authority to impose a new policy on a team

Question 34

The tendency to attribute the behavior of others to internal rather than external factors is known as:

Accepted Answer

Fundamental attribution error

Answer

Self-serving bias

Answer

Confirmation bias

Answer

Social desirability bias

Question 35

The bystander effect refers to the phenomenon of:

Accepted Answer

Decreased likelihood of helping behavior in emergencies when others are present

Answer

Increased likelihood of helping behavior when others are present

Answer

Indifference to the needs of others

Answer

Increased risk-taking behavior in the presence of others

Question 36

In the Asch experiment, participants were more likely to conform when they were placed in a group of:

Accepted Answer

6 individuals

Answer

2 individuals

Answer

4 individuals

Answer

8 individuals

Question 37

What percentage of participants in Milgram's obedience experiments obeyed the experimenter's orders to administer shocks to the learner, even when they expressed discomfort doing so?

Accepted Answer

65%

Answer

25%

Answer

50%

Answer

75%

Question 38

According to the elaboration likelihood model, which type of persuasion involves careful analysis and evaluation of the message's content?

Accepted Answer

Central route persuasion

Answer

Peripheral route persuasion

Answer

Automatic processing

Answer

Unconscious influence

Question 39

The "foot-in-the-door" technique in persuasion begins by requesting a:

Accepted Answer

Small favor, then escalating to a larger request

Answer

Reward for compliance

Answer

Threat for non-compliance

Answer

Emotional appeal

Question 40

According to the social identity theory, individuals tend to favor their own group over others. This is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

In-group bias

Answer

Out-group bias

Answer

Conformity

Answer

Obedience

Question 41

Which of the following does NOT diminish conformity?

Accepted Answer

Group cohesion

Answer

Anonymity

Answer

Independent thinking

Answer

Cultural norms

Question 42

Which of the following best describes the concept of reactance?

Accepted Answer

The tendency to resist doing what someone tells you to do

Answer

The tendency to conform to group norms

Answer

The tendency to obey authority figures

Answer

The tendency to persuade others

Question 43

Which of the following is a characteristic of strong social influence?

Accepted Answer

It persists over time

Answer

It is easily resisted

Answer

It is based solely on rational arguments

Answer

It is only applicable in specific settings

Question 44

Which of the following is a defense mechanism against negative social influence?

Accepted Answer

Reactance

Answer

Cognitive dissonance

Answer

Conformity

Answer

Persuasion

Question 45

Which of the following is not a factor that influences conformity?

Accepted Answer

The individual's level of intelligence

Answer

The presence of a majority that is unanimous in their views

Answer

The importance of the situation to the individual

Answer

The attractiveness of the group to the individual

Question 46

According to the social loafing phenomenon, individuals tend to exert less effort when:

Accepted Answer

Working in a group where individual contributions are not easily identifiable

Answer

Working alone and solely responsible for the outcome

Answer

The task is perceived as important and meaningful

Answer

The goal is clearly defined and achievable

Question 47

The Milgram experiment demonstrated the powerful influence of:

Accepted Answer

Authority

Answer

Social norms

Answer

Cognitive dissonance

Answer

Group polarization

Question 48

The Asch paradigm is an experimental technique used to study:

Accepted Answer

Conformity

Answer

Group polarization

Answer

Obedience

Answer

Persuasion