Mood Disorders: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment - Psychology Quizzes

Question 1

Which symptom is a hallmark of major depressive disorder?

Accepted Answer

Persistent sadness or emptiness

Answer

Elevated mood and rapid thoughts

Answer

Increased energy and grandiose ideas

Answer

Excessive anxiety and concentration difficulties

Question 2

What is the fundamental difference between unipolar and bipolar disorder?

Accepted Answer

Unipolar disorder includes only depressive episodes, while bipolar disorder involves both depressive and manic episodes.

Answer

Bipolar disorder involves only manic episodes, while unipolar disorder involves only depressive episodes.

Answer

Unipolar disorder is a more severe form of depression than bipolar disorder.

Answer

There is no significant distinction between unipolar and bipolar disorder.

Question 3

What is a commonly observed comorbidity associated with mood disorders?

Accepted Answer

Anxiety disorders

Answer

Cardiovascular disease

Answer

Neurological disorders

Answer

Diabetes

Question 4

Which of the following is a hallmark symptom of a major depressive episode, a cardinal symptom?

Accepted Answer

Depressed mood

Answer

Loss of appetite

Answer

Hypersomnia

Answer

Euphoric mood

Question 5

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) for depression primarily focuses on:

Accepted Answer

Altering negative thought patterns and behaviors

Answer

Medication management

Answer

Inpatient hospitalization

Answer

Freudian psychoanalysis

Question 6

According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), what is used to diagnose mood disorders?

Accepted Answer

Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 (SCID-5)

Answer

Beck Depression Inventory-II

Answer

Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale

Answer

Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale

Question 7

The Beck Hopelessness Scale is used to assess:

Accepted Answer

Hopelessness

Answer

Depression severity

Answer

Anxiety levels

Answer

Cognitive distortions

Question 8

Which of the following is a protective factor against the development of mood disorders?

Accepted Answer

Strong social support

Answer

Low self-esteem

Answer

Personal history of childhood abuse

Answer

Lack of access to mental health services

Question 9

The first-line treatment for severe depression typically involves:

Accepted Answer

Antidepressant medication

Answer

Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)

Answer

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)

Answer

Psychoanalytic psychotherapy

Question 10

Mood stabilizers are primarily used to:

Accepted Answer

Prevent and manage mood episodes in bipolar disorder

Answer

Treat depression

Answer

Reduce anxiety and panic symptoms

Answer

Enhance cognitive function

Question 11

Which pattern of episodes is a defining feature of bipolar disorder?

Accepted Answer

Alternating episodes of depression and mania

Answer

Exclusively depressive episodes

Answer

Exclusively manic episodes

Answer

Exclusively mixed episodes

Question 12

The primary goal of cognitive-behavioral therapy for mood disorders is to:

Accepted Answer

Alter negative thoughts and behaviors

Answer

Enhance coping mechanisms

Answer

Increase social support

Answer

Prescribe medication

Question 13

Which medication is commonly employed in the treatment of depression?

Accepted Answer

Fluoxetine

Answer

Lithium

Answer

Risperidone

Answer

Clonidine

Question 14

A hallmark cognitive change in depression is:

Accepted Answer

Difficulty concentrating

Answer

Exaggerated self-esteem

Answer

Increased risk-taking behavior

Answer

Excessive sleep

Question 15

A key principle of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for depression is:

Accepted Answer

Challenging negative thought patterns

Answer

Prescribing antidepressants

Answer

Focusing solely on past experiences

Answer

Encouraging complete isolation

Question 16

Lithium, a mood stabilizer commonly used to treat bipolar disorder, primarily works by:

Accepted Answer

Decreasing neuronal excitability

Answer

Increasing dopamine neurotransmission

Answer

Blocking norepinephrine reuptake

Question 17

According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), how long must a manic episode persist to meet the diagnostic criteria for bipolar I disorder?

Accepted Answer

7 days or longer

Answer

1 day or longer

Answer

3 days or longer

Answer

14 days or longer

Question 18

Which type of psychotherapy is considered the first-line treatment for depression?

Accepted Answer

Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT).

Answer

Psychoanalysis.

Answer

Humanistic therapy.

Answer

Behavioral activation therapy.

Question 19

Lithium is a mood stabilizer primarily used in the treatment of which disorder?

Accepted Answer

Bipolar disorder.

Answer

Major depressive disorder.

Answer

Generalized anxiety disorder.

Answer

Obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Question 20

What is the primary focus of dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) for mood disorders?

Accepted Answer

Teaching emotion regulation skills.

Answer

Challenging cognitive distortions.

Answer

Enhancing social support.

Answer

Improving self-esteem.

Question 21

What is the primary ethical consideration when working with individuals experiencing suicidal thoughts?

Accepted Answer

Ensuring the individual's safety.

Answer

Protecting the individual's privacy.

Answer

Maintaining confidentiality.

Answer

Following agency protocols.

Question 22

Who is credited as the 'father of mood disorders' for their groundbreaking contributions to the field?

Accepted Answer

Emil Kraepelin

Answer

Sigmund Freud

Answer

Carl Jung

Question 23

Which of the following is a hallmark cognitive symptom of depression?

Accepted Answer

Negative thoughts and beliefs about oneself, the world, and the future

Answer

Difficulty concentrating

Answer

Increased impulsivity

Answer

Hallucinations

Question 24

Which type of medication is commonly prescribed as a mood stabilizer for bipolar disorder?

Accepted Answer

Lithium

Answer

Antipsychotics

Answer

Antidepressants

Answer

Benzodiazepines

Question 25

Which of the following is an effective non-pharmacological intervention for depression?

Accepted Answer

Cognitive-behavioral therapy

Answer

Electroconvulsive therapy

Answer

Transcranial magnetic stimulation

Answer

Deep brain stimulation

Question 26

What is the term used to describe the characteristic alternating episodes of mania or hypomania and depression in bipolar disorder?

Accepted Answer

Mood cycling

Answer

Cyclothymia

Answer

Mixed episode

Answer

Hypomania

Question 27

Which neurotransmitter has been implicated in the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder?

Accepted Answer

Dopamine

Answer

Serotonin

Answer

GABA

Answer

Acetylcholine

Question 28

A patient presents with inflated self-esteem, decreased need for sleep, and excessive talking. Which type of mood episode might this describe?

Accepted Answer

Mania

Answer

Hypomania

Answer

Mixed episode

Answer

Psychotic episode

Question 29

Which of the following is not a characteristic of hypomania?

Accepted Answer

Depressive symptoms

Answer

Elevated mood

Answer

Flight of ideas

Answer

Increased energy

Question 30

Which neuroimaging technique allows researchers to measure brain activity associated with mood disorders?

Accepted Answer

Positron emission tomography (PET)

Answer

Electroencephalography (EEG)

Answer

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Answer

Computed tomography (CT)

Question 31

Which type of therapy involves identifying and modifying negative thought patterns and behaviors?

Accepted Answer

Cognitive-behavioral therapy

Answer

Psychodynamic therapy

Answer

Humanistic therapy

Answer

Existential therapy

Question 32

Which of the following is a primary characteristic of major depressive disorder?

Accepted Answer

Persistent low mood and anhedonia

Answer

Elevated mood

Answer

Increased energy

Answer

Racing thoughts

Question 33

What is the term for a mood disorder characterized by alternating episodes of mania and depression?

Accepted Answer

Bipolar disorder

Answer

Major depressive disorder

Answer

Cyclothymic disorder

Answer

Schizoaffective disorder

Question 34

What is the primary focus of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for depression?

Accepted Answer

Identifying and changing unhelpful thoughts and behaviors

Answer

Improving social skills

Answer

Increasing self-esteem

Answer

Reducing physical symptoms

Question 35

What is the most prevalent mood disorder in the United States?

Accepted Answer

Depression

Answer

Bipolar disorder

Answer

Anxiety disorder

Answer

OCD

Question 36

Which of the following is a key symptom of major depressive disorder?

Accepted Answer

Loss of interest in usually enjoyable activities

Answer

Elevated mood

Answer

Racing thoughts

Answer

Increased sleep

Question 37

Which of the following is an evidence-based treatment approach for depression?

Accepted Answer

Both cognitive-behavioral therapy and medications

Answer

Cognitive-behavioral therapy

Answer

Medications such as antidepressants

Answer

Electroconvulsive therapy

Question 38

What is the key difference between mania and hypomania?

Accepted Answer

Mania involves more severe symptoms and lasts longer than hypomania.

Answer

Hypomania is characterized by grandiose ideas and increased energy, while mania involves hallucinations and delusions.

Answer

There is no difference between mania and hypomania.

Answer

Mania is more common in women, while hypomania is more common in men.