Assessment of Endocrine Disorders: Comprehensive Learning Quizzes

Question 1

Which diagnostic test is considered the most reliable in confirming a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus?

Accepted Answer

Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) test

Answer

Fasting plasma glucose test

Answer

Oral glucose tolerance test

Answer

Random plasma glucose test

Question 2

A patient with suspected Cushing's syndrome presents with moon facies, buffalo hump, and striae. What is the priority nursing intervention in this scenario?

Accepted Answer

Assess for electrolyte imbalances

Answer

Monitor blood glucose levels

Answer

Provide emotional support

Answer

Administer insulin as prescribed

Question 3

When taking a history from a patient with suspected adrenal insufficiency, which question is most relevant?

Accepted Answer

Do you experience fatigue and weight loss?

Answer

Have you noticed any changes in your skin color?

Answer

Do you have a history of autoimmune diseases?

Answer

Are you currently taking any medications?

Question 4

A common symptom reported by patients with type 1 diabetes is:

Accepted Answer

Polyuria

Answer

Weight gain

Answer

Blurred vision

Answer

Constipation

Question 5

Which assessment is crucial for evaluating a patient with suspected adrenal insufficiency?

Accepted Answer

Blood pressure measurement

Answer

Auscultation of lung sounds

Answer

Thyroid palpation

Answer

Neurological examination

Question 6

An appropriate nursing diagnosis for a patient with Addison's disease is:

Accepted Answer

Deficient fluid volume

Answer

Hyperthermia

Answer

Ineffective airway clearance

Answer

Risk for falls

Question 7

A potential long-term complication associated with glucocorticoid use is:

Accepted Answer

Osteoporosis

Answer

Hyperglycemia

Answer

Diarrhea

Answer

Hypothyroidism

Question 8

The most effective patient teaching strategy for a patient with diabetes involves:

Accepted Answer

Using interactive simulations

Answer

Providing written materials only

Answer

Giving a single educational session

Answer

Focusing solely on disease pathophysiology

Question 9

Which diagnostic test is specifically used to evaluate thyroid function?

Accepted Answer

Thyroid scan

Answer

Urinalysis

Answer

Electrocardiogram

Answer

Complete blood count

Question 10

A patient being evaluated for Cushing's syndrome has elevated plasma cortisol levels and a suppressed dexamethasone suppression test. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Cushing's syndrome

Answer

Addison's disease

Answer

Pituitary adenoma

Answer

Pheochromocytoma

Question 11

Identify the primary symptom of hypothyroidism.

Accepted Answer

Sensitivity to cold

Answer

Rapid heart rate

Answer

Difficulty sleeping

Answer

Unexplained weight loss

Question 12

Which is the most common cause of hyperparathyroidism?

Accepted Answer

A non-cancerous growth on the parathyroid gland

Answer

Enlargement of multiple parathyroid glands

Answer

Inflammation of the pancreas

Answer

Cancer of the thyroid gland

Question 13

Which physical sign is a hallmark of Cushing's syndrome?

Accepted Answer

Round face

Answer

Slow heart rate

Answer

High blood sugar levels

Answer

Low blood pressure

Question 14

What is the defining characteristic of a goiter?

Accepted Answer

Enlargement of the thyroid gland

Answer

Reduced production of thyroid hormone

Answer

Increased production of thyroid hormone

Answer

Presence of lumps in the thyroid gland

Question 15

During the physical examination of a patient with suspected Cushing's syndrome, which finding is most indicative of the condition?

Accepted Answer

Moon facies

Answer

Thyroid nodules

Answer

Exophthalmos

Answer

Hyperpigmentation

Question 16

Which laboratory test is primarily used to diagnose diabetes insipidus?

Accepted Answer

Serum osmolality

Answer

Hemoglobin A1c

Answer

Thyroid-stimulating hormone

Answer

Adrenocorticotropic hormone

Question 17

Which hormone is responsible for regulating calcium and phosphate metabolism in the body?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Thyroid hormone

Answer

Growth hormone

Question 18

What is the primary goal of patient education for a patient with Addison's disease?

Accepted Answer

To educate the patient on how to prevent adrenal crisis

Answer

To teach the patient about medication management

Answer

To help the patient understand the importance of stress reduction

Answer

To provide information about dietary modifications

Question 19

Which medication is used to treat hyperthyroidism?

Accepted Answer

Propylthiouracil

Answer

Thyroxine

Answer

Levothyroxine

Answer

Iodine

Question 20

Which ethical principle is central to the decision of initiating hormone replacement therapy (HRT) for transgender individuals?

Accepted Answer

Autonomy

Answer

Beneficence

Answer

Justice

Question 21

Which symptom is NOT commonly associated with hyperthyroidism?

Accepted Answer

Weight gain

Answer

Tachycardia

Answer

Muscle weakness

Answer

Insomnia

Question 22

To monitor thyroid function in a patient with a history of hypothyroidism presenting with constipation, which diagnostic test is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level

Answer

Fasting blood glucose

Answer

Urinalysis

Answer

Serum sodium level

Question 23

Which characteristic physical examination finding is associated with Cushing's syndrome?

Accepted Answer

Moon facies

Answer

Goiter

Answer

Exophthalmos

Answer

Bradycardia

Question 24

Which potential complication is associated with Addison's disease?

Accepted Answer

Addisonian crisis

Answer

Diabetic ketoacidosis

Answer

Hyperparathyroidism

Answer

Thyroid storm

Question 25

Which symptom is a hallmark of acromegaly?

Accepted Answer

Enlarged hands and feet

Answer

Hypertension

Answer

Weight loss

Answer

Polyuria

Question 26

When assessing a patient with a suspected parathyroid disorder, which finding should not raise concern?

Accepted Answer

Normal serum calcium level

Answer

Hyperphosphatemia

Answer

Kidney stones

Answer

Bone pain

Question 27

When evaluating a patient with a thyroid nodule, which factor is NOT relevant?

Accepted Answer

History of smoking

Answer

Nodule size and consistency

Answer

Presence of hoarseness

Answer

Family history of thyroid cancer

Question 28

For the definitive diagnosis of pheochromocytoma, which test is considered the gold standard?

Accepted Answer

Plasma metanephrines and catecholamines

Answer

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Answer

Ultrasound

Answer

Thyroid scan

Question 29

During a physical examination of a patient suspected of having a thyroid disorder, which of the following findings is most strongly indicative of hyperthyroidism?

Accepted Answer

Warm, moist skin

Answer

Dry, scaly skin

Answer

Bradycardia

Answer

Hoarseness

Question 30

Which laboratory test is considered the most sensitive indicator of adrenal insufficiency?

Accepted Answer

Serum cortisol

Answer

Plasma glucose

Answer

Electrolytes

Answer

Complete blood count

Question 31

Which of the following is a common symptom of hypothyroidism?

Accepted Answer

Fatigue

Answer

Increased heart rate

Answer

Heat intolerance

Answer

Weight loss

Question 32

During a physical examination of a patient suspected of having a pituitary disorder, which of the following findings may be indicative of acromegaly?

Accepted Answer

Enlarged hands and feet

Answer

Blurred vision

Answer

Bradycardia

Answer

Dry mucous membranes

Question 33

When assessing a patient with a suspected parathyroid disorder, which of the following questions is most relevant to elicit relevant symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Do you experience muscle cramps or twitching?

Answer

Do you have any recent injuries or trauma?

Answer

Have you noticed any changes in your weight?

Answer

Do you have any difficulty sleeping?

Question 34

A patient with a history of osteoporosis is at increased risk for which endocrine disorder?

Accepted Answer

Hyperparathyroidism

Answer

Cushing's syndrome

Answer

Diabetes insipidus

Answer

Addison's disease

Question 35

Which of the following is a potential complication of untreated Graves' disease?

Accepted Answer

Thyroid storm

Answer

Myxedema coma

Answer

Adrenal crisis

Answer

Hypercalcemia

Question 36

When assessing a patient's history for potential endocrine disorders, which question is most relevant?

Accepted Answer

Do you have a family history of endocrine disorders, such as diabetes?

Answer

How many hours of sleep do you get each night?

Answer

What is your current blood pressure?

Question 37

During a physical examination, which of the following findings is a potential indicator of Cushing's syndrome?

Accepted Answer

Ecchymosis (bruising) and skin fragility

Answer

Bradycardia (slow heart rate) and hypotension (low blood pressure)

Answer

Tremors and muscle weakness

Question 38

Which diagnostic test is used to measure the level of cortisol in the urine over a 24-hour period?

Accepted Answer

24-hour urine cortisol test

Answer

Fasting blood cortisol test

Answer

Thyroid function test

Answer

Adrenal function test

Question 39

A patient with suspected Graves' disease is being assessed for hyperthyroidism. Which of the following findings is most likely to be present?

Accepted Answer

Tachycardia (rapid heart rate)

Answer

Hypotension (low blood pressure)

Answer

Bradycardia (slow heart rate)

Answer

Lethargy (lack of energy)

Question 40

When assessing a patient with suspected diabetes insipidus, which question is least relevant?

Accepted Answer

Do you have a history of kidney disease?

Answer

Do you experience excessive thirst?

Answer

How much water do you drink each day?

Answer

Do you have difficulty concentrating your urine?

Question 41

Which physical examination finding is a potential indicator of acromegaly?

Accepted Answer

Enlarged hands and feet

Answer

Skin thickening

Answer

Thyroid nodule

Answer

Protruding eyes

Question 42

Which diagnostic test is used to assess thyroid function by measuring levels of thyroid hormones?

Accepted Answer

Thyroid function test

Answer

Adrenal function test

Answer

Fasting blood cortisol test

Answer

24-hour urine cortisol test

Question 43

A patient with suspected Addison's disease is being assessed for adrenal insufficiency. Which of the following findings is most likely to be present?

Accepted Answer

Hypotension (low blood pressure)

Answer

Hypertension (high blood pressure)

Answer

Hyperglycemia (high blood sugar)

Answer

Tachycardia (rapid heart rate)

Question 44

Which physical examination finding is a potential indicator of hypothyroidism?

Accepted Answer

Dry skin

Answer

Nodules on the neck

Answer

Enlargement of the pituitary gland

Answer

Exophthalmos (bulging eyes)

Question 45

Which of the following is a characteristic symptom of hyperthyroidism?

Accepted Answer

Tachycardia

Answer

Weight gain

Answer

Bradycardia

Answer

Lethargy

Question 46

During the physical examination of a patient with suspected hypothyroidism, which finding would be most consistent with the diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Dry, scaly skin

Answer

Smooth, elastic skin

Answer

Flushed skin

Answer

Warm, moist skin

Question 47

Which diagnostic test is considered the most reliable for measuring thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels?

Accepted Answer

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) assay

Answer

Thyroid scan

Answer

Fine-needle aspiration biopsy

Answer

Thyroid ultrasound

Question 48

A patient with Cushing's syndrome is most likely to exhibit which of the following physical findings?

Accepted Answer

Moon face

Answer

Jaundice

Answer

Exophthalmos

Answer

Myxedema

Question 49

Which of the following laboratory tests is commonly used to diagnose diabetes mellitus?

Accepted Answer

Fasting blood glucose

Answer

Electrocardiogram

Answer

Complete blood count

Question 50

A patient with adrenal insufficiency presents with hypotension and hyperkalemia. Which of the following medications is the most appropriate initial treatment?

Accepted Answer

Hydrocortisone

Answer

Thyroxine

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Metformin

Question 51

Which of the following is a potential long-term complication of uncontrolled hyperparathyroidism?

Accepted Answer

Osteoporosis

Answer

Hypoglycemia

Answer

Hyperthyroidism

Answer

Addison's disease

Question 52

A patient with a pituitary tumor is experiencing visual field defects. Which of the following cranial nerves is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Optic nerve (CN II)

Answer

Trigeminal nerve (CN V)

Answer

Olfactory nerve (CN I)

Question 53

Which of the following is a common cause of acquired adrenal insufficiency?

Accepted Answer

Prolonged corticosteroid use

Answer

Hyperthyroidism

Answer

Addison's disease

Answer

Cushing's syndrome

Question 54

A patient with suspected polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is being evaluated for infertility. Which of the following is a common laboratory finding associated with PCOS?

Accepted Answer

Elevated luteinizing hormone (LH) levels

Answer

Low prolactin levels

Answer

Elevated follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels