Peripheral Nervous System: Interactive Learning Quizzes for Nursing Students

Question 1

What is the primary function of the peripheral nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Receiving sensory information from the environment and transmitting it to the central nervous system.

Answer

Controlling the involuntary functions of the body, such as heart rate and digestion.

Answer

Storing and retrieving memories.

Question 2

Which of the following statements accurately describes the primary physiological role of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Prepares the body for 'fight-or-flight' responses

Answer

Stimulates 'rest-and-digest' activities

Answer

Controls involuntary muscles

Answer

Relaxes blood vessels

Question 3

What type of nerve fiber transmits sensory information from cutaneous receptors to the spinal cord?

Accepted Answer

Afferent neuron

Answer

Efferent neuron

Answer

Somatic neuron

Answer

Autonomic neuron

Question 4

Which of the following functions is attributed to ganglia within the peripheral nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Relaying sensory information

Answer

Synthesizing neurotransmitters

Answer

Regulating muscle contractions

Answer

Controlling hormone secretion

Question 5

What distinguishes a cranial nerve from a spinal nerve?

Accepted Answer

Origin and distribution

Answer

Function

Answer

Structure

Answer

Number

Question 6

In the peripheral nervous system, the primary role of sensory receptors is to:

Accepted Answer

Convert physical stimuli into electrical signals

Answer

Transmit sensory signals to the brain

Answer

Initiate action potentials

Answer

Regulate muscle activity

Question 7

Which neurotransmitter is released by parasympathetic neurons?

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine

Answer

Epinephrine

Answer

Noradrenaline

Answer

Serotonin

Question 8

What is the function of the myelin sheath?

Accepted Answer

Insulate axons, enhancing conduction speed

Answer

Transmit electrical signals

Answer

Produce neurotransmitters

Answer

Regulate nerve growth

Question 9

Which type of peripheral nervous system injury is characterized by localized loss of sensation and motor function in a specific body region?

Accepted Answer

Mononeuropathy

Answer

Neuropathy

Answer

Neuralgia

Answer

Neuroma

Question 10

What is the fundamental role of the peripheral nervous system in contributing to homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

Receiving and transmitting sensory information

Answer

Regulating blood pressure

Answer

Controlling breathing

Answer

Producing hormones

Question 11

Identify the correct sequence of components involved in the neural pathway of the knee-jerk reflex: sensory receptor, sensory neuron, integrating center, motor neuron, effector.

Accepted Answer

Sensory receptor → Sensory neuron → Integrating center → Motor neuron → Effector

Answer

Sensory receptor → Motor neuron → Integrating center → Sensory neuron → Effector

Answer

Integrating center → Sensory neuron → Sensory receptor → Motor neuron → Effector

Answer

Motor neuron → Sensory neuron → Integrating center → Sensory receptor → Effector

Question 12

Classify the following types of nerves based on their function: sensory, motor, and mixed. Provide a specific example for each category.

Accepted Answer

Sensory: transmit sensory information from receptors to the central nervous system (e.g., pain, temperature)

Accepted Answer

Motor: transmit signals from the central nervous system to muscles to control movement (e.g., muscle contraction)

Accepted Answer

Mixed: contain both sensory and motor fibers (e.g., nerves in the limbs)

Question 13

Which type of nerve fiber carries motor signals away from the central nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Efferent fiber

Answer

Axon

Answer

Dendrite

Answer

Afferent fiber

Question 14

Which structure serves as a relay point for sensory and motor signals outside the central nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Ganglion

Answer

Spinal cord

Answer

Synapse

Answer

Neurotransmitter

Question 15

Which of the following nerves innervates the leg muscles?

Accepted Answer

Sciatic nerve

Answer

Femoral nerve

Answer

Peroneal nerve

Answer

Tibial nerve

Question 16

What is a key function of the myelin sheath surrounding peripheral nerves?

Accepted Answer

Increases nerve conduction velocity

Answer

Protects the nerve from damage

Answer

Provides energy for nerve impulses

Answer

Secretes neurotransmitters

Question 17

Numbness and tingling in the hands and feet may indicate:

Accepted Answer

Peripheral neuropathy

Answer

Multiple sclerosis

Answer

Parkinson's disease

Answer

Stroke

Question 18

Which neurotransmitter is released at the junction between a nerve and a muscle?

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine

Answer

Dopamine

Answer

Epinephrine

Answer

Serotonin

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a component of the enteric nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Vagus nerve

Answer

Myenteric plexus

Answer

Submucosal plexus

Answer

Sympathetic nerves

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the peripheral nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Hormonal regulation

Answer

Sensory reception

Answer

Motor control

Answer

Autonomic nervous system functions

Question 21

Which type of nerve fiber carries motor impulses away from the central nervous system to the muscles?

Accepted Answer

Efferent fiber

Answer

Afferent fiber

Answer

Sensory fiber

Answer

Motor fiber

Question 22

Which of the following is NOT a type of peripheral neuropathy?

Accepted Answer

Multiple sclerosis

Answer

Carpal tunnel syndrome

Answer

Guillain-Barré syndrome

Answer

Diabetic neuropathy

Question 23

What is the primary role of Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Myelination of axons

Answer

Transmission of nerve impulses

Answer

Protection of nerve fibers

Answer

Maintenance of blood-nerve barrier

Question 24

Which of the following is a disorder that affects the neuromuscular junction?

Accepted Answer

Myasthenia gravis

Answer

Parkinson's disease

Answer

Alzheimer's disease

Answer

Multiple sclerosis

Question 25

Which division of the autonomic nervous system stimulates the body's 'fight-or-flight' response?

Accepted Answer

Sympathetic

Answer

Parasympathetic

Answer

Enteric

Answer

Somatic

Question 26

Which of the following conditions is NOT a type of peripheral nerve injury?

Accepted Answer

Sprain

Answer

Neurapraxia

Answer

Axonotmesis

Answer

Neurotmesis

Question 27

Which network of nerves innervates the muscles and skin of the upper extremity?

Accepted Answer

Brachial plexus

Answer

Lumbar plexus

Answer

Sacral plexus

Answer

Cervical plexus

Question 28

Which cranial nerve controls the muscles of facial expression?

Accepted Answer

Facial

Answer

Trigeminal

Answer

Glossopharyngeal

Answer

Vagus

Question 29

Which of the following best describes the structural components of peripheral nerves?

Accepted Answer

Bundles of myelinated and unmyelinated nerve fibers surrounded by epineurium, perineurium, and endoneurium

Answer

Clusters of neuron cell bodies surrounded by meninges

Answer

Sheets of nerve fibers surrounded by pia mater

Answer

Individual nerve fibers surrounded by glial cells

Question 30

Which type of neuron conveys sensory information from the periphery to the central nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Sensory neuron

Answer

Motor neuron

Answer

Interneuron

Answer

Efferent neuron

Question 31

Which of the following is NOT a classification of peripheral nerves?

Accepted Answer

Central nerve

Answer

Somatic nerve

Answer

Autonomic nerve

Answer

Mixed nerve

Question 32

Which division of the autonomic nervous system is responsible for the 'fight or flight' response?

Accepted Answer

Sympathetic division

Answer

Parasympathetic division

Answer

Somatic division

Answer

Enteric division

Question 33

Which of the following nerves innervates the muscles of the leg and foot?

Accepted Answer

Sciatic nerve

Answer

Radial nerve

Answer

Median nerve

Answer

Femoral nerve

Question 34

What is the primary neurotransmitter of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Norepinephrine

Answer

Acetylcholine

Answer

Epinephrine

Answer

Dopamine

Question 35

What is the key difference between a nerve and a ganglion?

Accepted Answer

Nerves consist of bundled axons, while ganglia contain neuron cell bodies.

Answer

Ganglia are found in the peripheral nervous system, while nerves are found in the central nervous system.

Answer

Nerves transmit electrical signals, while ganglia process and integrate information.

Answer

There is no difference between nerves and ganglia.

Question 36

Which of the following is a common peripheral nervous system disorder that causes muscle weakness and paralysis?

Accepted Answer

Guillain-Barré syndrome

Answer

Parkinson's disease

Answer

Alzheimer's disease

Answer

Multiple sclerosis

Question 37

What is the role of Schwann cells in maintaining the health and function of peripheral nerves?

Accepted Answer

Produce myelin sheath around axons

Answer

Transmit electrical signals

Answer

Secrete neurotransmitters

Answer

Form synapses with other neurons

Question 38

Which of the following is **not** a function of the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)?

Accepted Answer

Protection of the brain and spinal cord

Answer

Sensory perception

Answer

Motor control

Answer

Neurotransmitter release

Question 39

Which division of the PNS is responsible for controlling voluntary muscle movement?

Accepted Answer

Somatic nervous system

Answer

Autonomic nervous system

Answer

Enteric nervous system

Answer

Sympathetic nervous system

Question 40

What type of neuron transmits impulses from the Central Nervous System (CNS) to effectors, such as muscles or glands?

Accepted Answer

Motor neuron

Answer

Sensory neuron

Answer

Interneuron

Answer

Sympathetic neuron

Question 41

Which cranial nerve is responsible for constricting the pupil of the eye?

Accepted Answer

Oculomotor nerve (CN III)

Answer

Trigeminal nerve (CN V)

Answer

Facial nerve (CN VII)

Answer

Vagus nerve (CN X)

Question 42

What is the primary function of the dorsal horn in the spinal cord?

Accepted Answer

Processing sensory information

Answer

Generating motor output

Answer

Controlling autonomic functions

Answer

Releasing neurotransmitters

Question 43

Which type of nerve fiber has a myelin sheath and conducts electrical impulses most rapidly?

Accepted Answer

A-fibers

Answer

B-fibers

Answer

C-fibers

Answer

D-fibers

Question 44

Which neurotransmitter is released at the neuromuscular junction, where nerves connect to muscles?

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine

Answer

Norepinephrine

Answer

Dopamine

Answer

Serotonin

Question 45

What is the primary function of the enteric nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Control of gastrointestinal functions

Answer

Regulation of blood pressure

Answer

Sensory perception

Answer

Voluntary movement

Question 46

Which of the following is **not** a component of a spinal nerve?

Accepted Answer

Parasympathetic fibers

Answer

Sensory fibers

Answer

Motor fibers

Answer

Dorsal root ganglion

Question 47

The autonomic nervous system is responsible for:

Accepted Answer

Involuntary control of bodily functions, such as heart rate, digestion, and breathing

Answer

Receiving sensory input from the environment

Answer

Transmitting motor commands to skeletal muscles

Answer

Conscious control of voluntary movements

Question 48

Which of the following is a type of sensory receptor that detects pain?

Accepted Answer

Nociceptor

Answer

Interneuron

Answer

Motor neuron

Answer

Glial cell

Question 49

What is the primary function of the myelin sheath?

Accepted Answer

Insulates axons and speeds up nerve impulse transmission

Answer

Regenerates damaged axons

Answer

Transmits nerve impulses across the synapse

Answer

Protects axons from damage

Question 50

Which of the following nerves is responsible for innervating the biceps brachii muscle, allowing for flexion of the elbow?

Accepted Answer

Musculocutaneous nerve

Answer

Median nerve

Answer

Ulnar nerve

Answer

Radial nerve

Question 51

The sympathetic nervous system is typically activated in response to:

Accepted Answer

Stressful or dangerous situations, triggering the 'fight-or-flight' response

Answer

Sleep

Answer

Rest and relaxation

Answer

Digestion

Question 52

Which of the following is a neurotransmitter released by parasympathetic neurons, responsible for slowing heart rate and promoting digestion?

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine

Answer

Dopamine

Answer

Norepinephrine

Answer

Epinephrine

Question 53

The peripheral nervous system is divided into two main divisions:

Accepted Answer

Somatic and autonomic

Answer

Sympathetic and parasympathetic

Answer

Central and peripheral

Answer

Sensory and motor

Question 54

Which of the following is a function of the somatic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Voluntary control of skeletal muscles, enabling movement

Answer

Involuntary control of heart rate

Answer

Digestion

Answer

Regulation of body temperature

Question 55

The cell body of a neuron, containing the nucleus and other organelles, is located in the:

Accepted Answer

Ganglion, a cluster of nerve cell bodies outside the central nervous system

Answer

Synapse

Answer

Dendrite

Answer

Axon