Organic Chemistry Basics: Master the Fundamentals for Mechanical Engineers

Question 1

Which functional group is responsible for the characteristic properties of alcohols?

Accepted Answer

-OH

Answer

-COOH

Answer

-NH2

Answer

-C=O

Question 2

What is the IUPAC name for the following compound: CH3CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH3?

Accepted Answer

2-methylpentane

Answer

3-methylpentane

Answer

2-ethylbutane

Answer

3-ethylbutane

Question 3

Which of the following molecules contains a triple bond?

Accepted Answer

Ethyne

Answer

Ethene

Answer

Propane

Answer

Butane

Question 4

Which of the following compounds has the lowest boiling point?

Accepted Answer

Methane

Answer

Ethane

Answer

Propane

Answer

Butane

Question 5

Which of the following is a defining characteristic of organic molecules?

Accepted Answer

Contain carbon atoms

Answer

Form covalent bonds

Answer

Have high melting and boiling points

Answer

Are insoluble in water

Question 6

What is the hybridization state of the carbon atom in methane (CH4)?

Accepted Answer

sp3

Answer

sp

Answer

sp2

Answer

sp3d

Question 7

What type of hybridization is present in the carbon-carbon double bond of ethene (C2H4)?

Accepted Answer

sp2

Answer

sp

Answer

sp3

Answer

sp3d2

Question 8

Which of the following compounds is classified as an aromatic hydrocarbon?

Accepted Answer

Benzene

Answer

Ethene

Answer

Cyclopentane

Answer

Propane

Question 9

What is the hybridization of the carbon atoms in a benzene ring?

Accepted Answer

sp2

Answer

sp

Answer

sp3

Answer

sp3d

Question 10

Which of the following reactions is an example of a nucleophilic addition reaction?

Accepted Answer

Reaction of an aldehyde with a Grignard reagent

Answer

Reaction of an alcohol with an acid chloride

Answer

Reaction of an alkene with hydrogen gas

Answer

Reaction of a ketone with a base

Question 11

Which of the following compounds is the strongest acid?

Accepted Answer

HCOOH

Answer

CH3COOH

Answer

CH3CH2OH

Answer

NH3

Question 12

What is the hybridization of the oxygen atom in water?

Accepted Answer

sp3

Answer

sp

Answer

sp2

Answer

sp3d

Question 13

Which of the following spectroscopic techniques is most useful for identifying functional groups in organic molecules?

Accepted Answer

Infrared spectroscopy (IR)

Answer

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)

Answer

Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis)

Answer

Mass spectrometry (MS)

Question 14

What is the major product of the following reaction: CH3CH2CH2Br + NaOH?

Accepted Answer

CH3CH2CH2OH

Answer

CH3CH=CH2

Answer

CH2=CHCH3

Answer

CH3CH2CH2Br

Question 15

Which functional group is present in the compound CH₃COOH?

Accepted Answer

Carboxylic acid

Answer

Alcohol

Answer

Amine

Answer

Ketone

Question 16

Which compound has a higher boiling point: ethane or 1-propanol?

Accepted Answer

1-propanol

Answer

Ethane

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a property of organic molecules?

Accepted Answer

Ionic bonding

Answer

Presence of carbon atoms

Answer

Covalent bonding

Answer

Formation of polymers

Question 18

The functional group characterized by a carbon-oxygen double bond is known as:

Accepted Answer

Carbonyl group

Answer

Hydroxyl group

Answer

Amine group

Answer

Alkyl group

Question 19

The hybridization of the carbon atom in CH4 (methane) is:

Accepted Answer

sp³

Answer

Not hybridized

Answer

sp²

Answer

sp

Question 20

Which of the following options describes resonance structures?

Accepted Answer

Structures illustrating the delocalization of electrons.

Answer

Structures showing the lone pairs of electrons.

Answer

Structures depicting the bonding between atoms.

Question 21

The explanation for the tetrahedral shape of methane is:

Accepted Answer

Hybridization of the carbon atom.

Answer

Presence of lone pairs of electrons.

Answer

Polarity of the carbon-hydrogen bonds.

Answer

Repulsion between hydrogen atoms.

Question 22

Which bond type is exemplified by the C-Cl bond?

Accepted Answer

Polar covalent

Answer

O-H

Answer

H-H

Answer

C-C

Question 23

The primary mechanism of covalent bond formation is:

Accepted Answer

Sharing of electrons.

Answer

Transfer of electrons.

Answer

Exchange of electrons.

Question 24

The correct molecular formula for butane is:

Accepted Answer

C4H10

Answer

C5H12

Answer

C3H8