Atomic Structure: Building Blocks of Matter - Chemistry Quiz

Question 1

Isotopes are atoms of the same element that differ in their:

Accepted Answer

Number of neutrons

Answer

Number of protons

Answer

Number of electrons

Question 2

Which subatomic particle has a neutral charge?

Accepted Answer

Neutron

Answer

Proton

Answer

Electron

Answer

Photon

Question 3

What is the term for an atom that has a different number of electrons than protons?

Accepted Answer

Ion

Answer

Molecule

Answer

Isotope

Answer

Radical

Question 4

An atom with 6 protons, 6 neutrons, and 6 electrons has an atomic number of:

Accepted Answer

6

Answer

5

Answer

7

Answer

8

Question 5

An ion with a charge of -2 has gained:

Accepted Answer

2 electrons

Answer

2 protons

Answer

2 neutrons

Answer

2 positrons

Question 6

An atom in an excited state has:

Accepted Answer

higher energy than its ground state

Answer

lower energy than its ground state

Answer

the same energy as its ground state

Answer

an unstable nucleus

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a quantum number?

Accepted Answer

m²

Answer

n

Answer

l

Answer

s

Question 8

The Pauli exclusion principle states that:

Accepted Answer

no two electrons in an atom can have the same set of four quantum numbers

Answer

the number of protons in an atom must equal the number of electrons

Answer

the energy of an electron is inversely proportional to its distance from the nucleus

Answer

the nucleus of an atom contains most of the atom's mass

Question 9

Which of the following elements is most likely to form cations?

Accepted Answer

Potassium

Answer

Chlorine

Answer

Nitrogen

Answer

Carbon

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT considered a subatomic particle?

Accepted Answer

Photon

Answer

Electron

Answer

Proton

Answer

Neutron

Question 11

The atomic number of an element indicates the:

Accepted Answer

Number of protons in the nucleus

Answer

Number of electrons in the outermost shell

Answer

Total number of neutrons and protons

Answer

Mass of the atom

Question 12

Isotopes of an element have:

Accepted Answer

Same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons

Answer

Same number of neutrons but different numbers of protons

Answer

Same number of electrons but different numbers of neutrons

Answer

Different numbers of both protons and electrons

Question 13

The formation of an ion involves:

Accepted Answer

Gain or loss of electrons

Answer

Gain or loss of protons

Answer

Gain or loss of neutrons

Answer

Gain of electrons and loss of protons

Question 14

The mass number of an atom is determined by the total number of:

Accepted Answer

Protons and neutrons

Answer

Protons

Answer

Neutrons

Answer

Protons and electrons

Question 15

Valence electrons of an atom are located in:

Accepted Answer

The outermost energy level

Answer

The innermost energy level

Answer

The nucleus

Answer

The second energy level

Question 16

The electronic configuration of an element in its ground state represents its:

Accepted Answer

Lowest energy state

Answer

Highest energy state

Answer

Excited state

Answer

Transition state

Question 17

Identify the ion with a +2 charge.

Accepted Answer

Fe2+

Answer

Cl-

Answer

O2-

Answer

Na+

Question 18

Explain the difference between an isotope and an isobar.

Accepted Answer

Isotopes have the same atomic number but different mass numbers, while isobars have the same mass number but different atomic numbers.

Answer

Isotopes have the same mass number and different atomic numbers, while isobars have the same atomic number but different mass numbers.

Question 19

Which quantum number describes the shape of an atomic orbital?

Accepted Answer

l

Answer

m

Answer

n

Answer

s

Question 20

Which statement accurately describes the Pauli exclusion principle?

Accepted Answer

Within an atom, no two electrons can have an identical set of four quantum numbers.

Answer

Within an atom, no two electrons can have the same spin quantum number.

Answer

Within an atom, no two electrons can have the same principal quantum number.

Question 21

Which subatomic particle possesses a positive electrical charge?

Accepted Answer

Proton

Answer

Neutron

Answer

Quark

Answer

Electron

Question 22

What aspect of an element is represented by its atomic number?

Accepted Answer

Number of protons in the nucleus

Answer

Mass of the atom

Answer

Number of neutrons in the nucleus

Answer

Total number of electrons

Question 23

Which of the following illustrates the concept of isotopes?

Accepted Answer

Carbon-12 and Carbon-14

Answer

Oxygen and Nitrogen

Answer

Sodium and Chlorine

Answer

Hydrogen and Helium

Question 24

When an atom undergoes a loss of electrons, what is the resulting charge?

Accepted Answer

Positive

Answer

Negative

Answer

Radioactive

Answer

Neutral

Question 25

Which element is characterized by the greatest mass number?

Accepted Answer

Uranium

Answer

Hydrogen

Answer

Oxygen

Answer

Carbon

Question 26

Identify the components found within an atom's nucleus.

Accepted Answer

Protons and neutrons

Answer

Protons and electrons

Answer

Electrons only

Answer

Neutrons and electrons

Question 27

Which particle is not considered a fundamental subatomic particle?

Accepted Answer

Meson

Answer

Proton

Answer

Neutron

Answer

Electron

Question 28

Where is the majority of an atom's mass concentrated?

Accepted Answer

Nucleus

Answer

Neutrons

Answer

Electrons

Answer

Electron cloud

Question 29

What term describes atoms of the same element with varying numbers of neutrons?

Accepted Answer

Isotopes

Answer

Ions

Answer

Allotropes

Question 30

Which characteristic is unique to isotopes?

Accepted Answer

Identical atomic numbers but different masses

Answer

Identical masses but different atomic numbers

Answer

Different chemical reactivity