Nutritional Support in Pediatric Gastrointestinal Diseases: Quizzes and Practice Questions

Question 1

Which among the following is one of the primary ethical considerations involved in providing nutritional support to children with gastrointestinal diseases?

Accepted Answer

Obtaining informed consent

Accepted Answer

Assessing the child's quality of life

Answer

Prioritizing cost-effectiveness

Question 2

What is the primary objective of nutritional support in children with gastrointestinal diseases?

Accepted Answer

Promote growth and development

Answer

Manage electrolyte imbalances

Answer

Prevent infections

Answer

Provide pain relief

Question 3

What is the most frequently used type of enteral feeding in children with gastrointestinal diseases?

Accepted Answer

Nasogastric tube feeding

Answer

Nasojejunal tube feeding

Answer

Gastrostomy tube feeding

Answer

Jejunostomy tube feeding

Question 4

What is the most common complication associated with parenteral nutrition in children?

Accepted Answer

Infection

Answer

Electrolyte imbalance

Answer

Metabolic bone disease

Answer

Hepatotoxicity

Question 5

Which type of enteral formula is high in calories and low in fat?

Accepted Answer

Elemental formula

Answer

Polymeric formula

Answer

Semi-elemental formula

Answer

Hydrolyzed formula

Question 6

The primary indication for enteral nutrition in children with gastrointestinal diseases is:

Accepted Answer

Severe malnutrition

Answer

Intestinal obstruction

Answer

Pancreatitis

Answer

Cystic fibrosis

Question 7

The recommended protein intake for children receiving enteral nutrition is:

Accepted Answer

2-3 g/kg/day

Answer

1-1.5 g/kg/day

Answer

3-4 g/kg/day

Answer

4-5 g/kg/day

Question 8

For children receiving nutritional support, which parameters are crucial to monitor closely?

Accepted Answer

Growth and development

Accepted Answer

Fluid balance

Accepted Answer

Metabolic markers

Answer

Weight gain only

Question 9

When providing nutritional support to children with gastrointestinal diseases, what unique fluid management consideration is crucial?

Accepted Answer

Children with gastrointestinal diseases require higher maintenance fluid compared to healthy children.

Answer

Electrolyte supplementation is not necessary for children receiving nutritional support.

Answer

Fluid status monitoring is not essential during nutritional support.

Question 10

In the initial management of acute pancreatitis in children, which nutritional support strategy is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Nothing by mouth (NPO)

Answer

Immediate implementation of full enteral nutrition

Answer

Immediate initiation of total parenteral nutrition

Question 11

For monitoring enteral feeding in children, which method is preferred?

Accepted Answer

Residual gastric volume checks

Answer

Stool frequency and consistency

Answer

Weight gain

Answer

Electrolyte levels

Question 12

How often should blood sugar levels be monitored in children receiving parenteral nutrition?

Accepted Answer

Every 4-6 hours

Answer

Every 12 hours

Answer

As needed

Answer

Every 24 hours

Question 13

In children with inflammatory bowel disease, what is a potential benefit of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation?

Accepted Answer

Reduction in inflammation

Answer

Improved bone density

Answer

Increased muscle mass

Answer

Enhanced immune response

Question 14

For a child with severe diarrhea receiving enteral nutrition, what is the recommended fluid intake?

Accepted Answer

1.5-2 times maintenance requirements

Answer

Maintenance requirements

Answer

As tolerated

Answer

0.5-1 times maintenance requirements

Question 15

Which of the following is a primary factor to consider when choosing an appropriate nutritional support regimen for a child with gastrointestinal disease?

Accepted Answer

Severity and type of gastrointestinal disorder

Answer

Patient's preference

Answer

Cost of nutritional support

Answer

Availability of a feeding team

Question 16

Regular monitoring of serum electrolytes is essential in children receiving which type of nutritional support?

Accepted Answer

Parenteral nutrition

Answer

Oral supplementation

Answer

Enteral nutrition

Question 17

Which of the following is a key component of a comprehensive nutritional assessment for a child with gastrointestinal disease?

Accepted Answer

Review of dietary history, anthropometric measurements, and laboratory tests

Answer

Dietary history alone

Answer

Physical examination only

Question 18

What is the primary indication for initiating nutritional support in a child with gastrointestinal disease who is failing to thrive?

Accepted Answer

To correct malnutrition and promote catch-up growth

Answer

To improve gastrointestinal symptoms

Answer

To prevent further weight loss

Answer

To facilitate weaning off enteral nutrition

Question 19

Which of the following is an advantage of using an elemental formula for enteral nutrition in children with gastrointestinal disease?

Accepted Answer

Reduced risk of allergic reactions and improved absorption

Answer

Better taste and palatability

Answer

Increased calorie density

Answer

Lower cost compared to standard formulas

Question 20

What is the recommended monitoring frequency for serum electrolytes in children receiving parenteral nutrition?

Accepted Answer

Daily

Answer

Monthly

Answer

Weekly

Question 21

What is the role of a registered dietitian in the management of nutritional support for children with gastrointestinal diseases?

Accepted Answer

Providing nutrition education, monitoring progress, and adjusting nutritional plans

Answer

Prescribing medications

Answer

Performing surgical procedures

Question 22

When should enteral nutrition be initiated in a child with acute gastroenteritis?

Accepted Answer

As soon as the child is able to tolerate oral fluids

Answer

Only if the child is at risk of dehydration

Answer

Only if the child has been vomiting for more than 24 hours

Question 23

Which of the following is a main advantage of parenteral nutrition over enteral nutrition?

Accepted Answer

It can provide complete nutritional support without the need for an intact gastrointestinal tract

Answer

It is less expensive than enteral nutrition

Answer

It is more convenient for the patient

Question 24

Which of the following is an indication for nutritional support in a child with a gastrointestinal malformation?

Accepted Answer

Failure to thrive or faltering growth

Answer

Gastroesophageal reflux

Answer

Constipation

Answer

Diarrhea

Question 25

Which of the following is a goal of nutritional support in a child with cystic fibrosis?

Accepted Answer

To maintain a healthy weight and prevent malnutrition

Answer

To cure cystic fibrosis

Answer

To improve lung function

Answer

To prevent pulmonary infections

Question 26

Which of the following is a type of enteral feeding tube?

Accepted Answer

Nasogastric tube

Answer

Tracheostomy tube

Answer

Central venous catheter

Answer

Urethral catheter

Question 27

Which of the following is a primary indication for nutritional support in children with gastrointestinal diseases?

Accepted Answer

Inability to maintain adequate nutritional intake orally or enterally

Answer

Normal bowel movements

Answer

Absence of vomiting

Answer

Elevated serum bilirubin

Question 28

For children with severe gastrointestinal disease, which route of nutritional support is typically preferred initially?

Accepted Answer

Parenteral nutrition

Answer

Enteral nutrition

Answer

Diarrhea

Answer

Oral supplements

Question 29

In children with short bowel syndrome, what is the primary aim of nutritional support?

Accepted Answer

Provide adequate nutrition to support growth and development

Answer

Prevent infection

Answer

Promote growth

Answer

Reduce inflammation

Question 30

During parenteral nutrition, which nutrient group requires particularly close monitoring?

Accepted Answer

Electrolytes

Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Protein

Answer

Vitamins

Question 31

When providing nutritional support for a malnourished child, what is an appropriate range for daily calorie intake?

Accepted Answer

100-120 kcal/kg/day

Answer

50-70 kcal/kg/day

Answer

200-220 kcal/kg/day

Answer

150-170 kcal/kg/day

Question 32

How often should serum electrolytes be monitored in children receiving parenteral nutrition?

Accepted Answer

Daily

Answer

As needed

Answer

Weekly

Answer

Monthly

Question 33

Which type of enteral formula is most appropriate for children with short bowel syndrome due to its pre-digested nutrients?

Accepted Answer

Elemental formula

Answer

Specialized formula for malabsorption, often with added enzymes.

Answer

Standard formula, suitable for healthy children with intact digestion.

Answer

Semi-elemental formula

Question 34

What is the most common type of malnutrition encountered in children with chronic gastrointestinal diseases?

Accepted Answer

Protein-energy malnutrition, affecting both protein and calorie intake.

Answer

Kwashiorkor, characterized by edema and severe protein deficiency.

Answer

Iron deficiency, commonly seen in children with chronic blood loss.

Answer

Marasmus, primarily characterized by severe calorie deficiency.

Question 35

Which of the following is a primary indication for enteral nutrition in children with gastrointestinal diseases?

Accepted Answer

Malnutrition or the risk of malnutrition due to insufficient oral intake.

Answer

Diarrhea, often resolved with fluid replacement and dietary adjustments.

Answer

Vomiting, frequently treated with anti-emetics and addressing underlying causes.

Answer

Constipation, typically managed with dietary modifications and medication.

Question 36

The primary goal of nutritional support in children with Crohn's disease is to:

Accepted Answer

Maintain optimal growth and development while preventing malnutrition.

Answer

Reduce symptoms like abdominal pain, diarrhea, and fatigue.

Answer

Control inflammation in the digestive tract through medication and diet.

Answer

Treat complications of the disease, such as bowel obstructions and fistulas.

Question 37

Enteral nutrition is contraindicated in children with:

Accepted Answer

Severe bowel obstruction, where nutrients cannot pass through the intestines.

Answer

Vomiting, which can often be managed with anti-emetics and adjustments to feeding schedule.

Answer

Malnutrition, which is actually an indication for enteral nutrition.

Answer

Diarrhea, which may be a symptom of malabsorption, but not a contraindication for enteral nutrition.

Question 38

Which of the following gastrointestinal diseases often requires long-term nutritional support due to malabsorption and pancreatic insufficiency?

Accepted Answer

Cystic fibrosis, as it affects both the digestive and respiratory systems.

Answer

Inflammatory bowel disease, while requiring nutritional support, may not always necessitate long-term interventions.

Answer

Celiac disease, typically managed with a gluten-free diet.

Answer

Acute gastroenteritis, usually resolves within a few days.