Big Data Security: Protect Your Data in the Age of Big Data

Question 1

How does data encryption safeguard big data from unauthorized access?

Accepted Answer

It converts data into an unreadable format, protecting it even if accessed by unauthorized individuals.

Answer

It creates multiple data copies, reducing data loss risk in security breaches.

Answer

It slows down data processing, making it impractical for big data applications.

Answer

It only protects data at rest, not during transit or processing.

Question 2

Which of the following best describes the ethical implications of big data security?

Accepted Answer

Big data security measures can raise ethical concerns about data privacy and surveillance.

Answer

Big data security measures have no ethical implications.

Answer

The ethical implications of big data security are primarily concerned with protecting data from unauthorized access and use.

Question 3

Design a security plan for a big data system that handles sensitive financial data. Include measures like access control, data encryption, and intrusion detection.

Accepted Answer

Implement role-based access control, encrypt data at rest and in transit, and deploy intrusion detection systems.

Answer

Grant limited access to authorized users, encrypt data at rest, and monitor for suspicious activity.

Answer

Use weak passwords, store data unencrypted, and ignore security breaches.

Question 4

In the context of big data systems, how should you approach the trade-off between security and usability?

Accepted Answer

Balance security and usability based on the specific context and requirements of the big data system.

Answer

Prioritize security, as data protection is paramount.

Answer

Prioritize usability, as ease of use is essential for data accessibility.

Answer

Security and usability are mutually exclusive concepts in big data systems.

Question 5

In big data security, how does classifying data based on its sensitivity influence the prioritization of security measures?

Accepted Answer

Data classification allows organizations to prioritize security measures based on data sensitivity, with higher priority given to more sensitive data.

Answer

Data classification reduces the need for additional security controls, ensuring equal protection for all data.

Answer

Data classification makes all data equally important for security, regardless of sensitivity.

Answer

Data classification is irrelevant to security prioritization in big data environments.

Question 6

Which security measures are essential for mitigating the unique challenges of distributed and cloud-based big data storage?

Accepted Answer

Specialized security measures, such as data masking and tokenization, are necessary.

Answer

Traditional security measures alone are sufficient.

Answer

Cloud service providers are solely responsible for big data security.

Answer

Security challenges in distributed and cloud-based big data storage are less significant than in traditional systems.

Question 7

How does federated learning contribute to enhanced data security in big data environments?

Accepted Answer

By enabling data collaboration while safeguarding individual data privacy.

Answer

By minimizing dataset sizes, reducing vulnerability to attacks.

Answer

By encrypting data during transmission and storage.

Answer

By eliminating the need for centralized data storage.

Question 8

How do deception technologies contribute to the security of big data systems? Describe their mechanisms, advantages, and limitations.

Accepted Answer

Deception technologies create a decoy environment to mislead attackers, hindering their ability to detect and exploit vulnerabilities.

Answer

Deception technologies provide absolute protection against all security threats in big data systems.

Answer

Deception technologies are effortless to implement and maintain in big data systems.

Answer

Deception technologies are exclusively designed for small-scale big data systems.

Question 9

In distributed big data environments, identify the key security challenges and propose effective security measures to address them.

Accepted Answer

Option 1: Implement robust access controls, utilize encryption for data protection at rest and in transit, and conduct regular monitoring and auditing of system logs for suspicious activities.

Answer

Rely solely on the security measures provided by the cloud service provider.

Answer

Rely solely on the security measures provided by the cloud service provider.

Answer

Rely solely on the security measures provided by the cloud service provider.

Question 10

In big data security, how do authentication, authorization, and access control mechanisms work together to protect data?

Accepted Answer

Authentication verifies user identities, authorization grants permissions, and access control enforces those permissions to control user access to big data systems.

Answer

Authentication secures data at rest, authorization protects data in transit, and access control safeguards data in use.

Answer

Authentication and authorization apply to external users, while access control is only for internal users.

Answer

Access control includes authentication, and authorization is a part of access control.

Question 11

Why is security incident management and response crucial in big data environments?

Accepted Answer

It helps identify and address security breaches, minimizing data loss and protecting the organization's reputation.

Answer

It prevents security breaches and data loss.

Answer

It ensures data availability and accessibility.

Answer

It's less important in big data environments than in traditional IT environments.

Question 12

In the evolving landscape of big data security, which approach harnesses advanced technologies to bolster security measures?

Accepted Answer

Leveraging AI and machine learning for threat detection and response

Answer

Continued reliance on traditional security tools

Answer

Manual data inspection for security monitoring

Answer

Limiting data sharing and collaboration across organizations

Question 13

What is the primary purpose of data masking?

Accepted Answer

To protect sensitive data from unauthorized access

Answer

To improve data quality and consistency

Answer

To facilitate data analysis and exploration

Answer

To reduce data storage requirements and costs

Question 14

What is the purpose of data tokenization?

Accepted Answer

Replacing sensitive data with non-sensitive tokens to protect data privacy

Answer

Encrypting data for secure storage and transmission

Answer

Anonymizing data to remove personally identifiable information

Answer

Compressing data to reduce storage requirements and improve performance

Question 15

In the shared responsibility model for cloud-based big data, how are security management and liability distributed?

Accepted Answer

Roles and responsibilities for security are shared between organizations and cloud providers.

Answer

Organizations are solely responsible for security.

Answer

The cloud provider is solely responsible for security.

Question 16

When selecting a security standard or framework for big data protection, which factor is **least** important to consider?

Accepted Answer

Cost of implementation

Answer

Alignment with organizational requirements

Answer

Industry best practices

Answer

Regulatory compliance

Question 17

What is the main purpose of data masking?

Accepted Answer

To prevent unauthorized access to sensitive data

Answer

To protect data from data breaches

Answer

To prevent data manipulation

Answer

To ensure data quality

Question 18

Which security framework is specifically tailored for addressing the security challenges of big data?

Accepted Answer

Big Data Security Framework

Answer

NIST Cybersecurity Framework

Answer

ISO 27001

Answer

HIPAA Security Rule

Question 19

What is the primary objective of a data security incident response plan?

Accepted Answer

To outline the steps for responding to and recovering from data security incidents

Answer

To prevent data security incidents from happening

Answer

To recover lost data in case of a data breach

Answer

To assign responsibility for data security incidents

Question 20

In the United States, which legal requirement is designed to protect big data?

Accepted Answer

HIPAA

Answer

GDPR

Answer

NIST Cybersecurity Framework

Answer

PCI DSS

Question 21

What is the fundamental distinction between data security and data privacy?

Accepted Answer

Data security focuses on protecting data from unauthorized access, while data privacy focuses on protecting personal data

Answer

Data privacy focuses on protecting data from unauthorized access, while data security focuses on protecting personal data

Answer

Data security and data privacy are essentially the same concept

Answer

There is no distinction between data security and data privacy

Question 22

In cloud-based big data environments, who is responsible for securing the data under the shared responsibility model?

Accepted Answer

Cloud service provider for infrastructure, customer for data

Answer

Cloud service provider only

Answer

Customer only

Answer

Customer for infrastructure, cloud service provider for data

Question 23

When integrating Big Data with IoT devices, which of the following is a major security concern?

Accepted Answer

Increased attack surface due to the proliferation of IoT devices

Answer

Data inconsistency between IoT devices and Big Data systems

Answer

Slow data processing due to the volume of IoT data

Answer

Lack of security standards for IoT devices

Question 24

Which of the following is a type of security threat that involves modifying or deleting data without authorization?

Accepted Answer

Data manipulation

Answer

Data breach

Answer

Identity theft

Answer

Malware attack

Question 25

When devising a comprehensive security strategy for big data assets, which step is of paramount importance?

Accepted Answer

Identifying and assessing potential security risks

Answer

Implementing and configuring security controls

Answer

Monitoring and auditing security measures regularly

Answer

Educating users on security best practices

Question 26

Evaluate the effectiveness of data anonymization and pseudonymization in safeguarding sensitive data in big data environments.

Accepted Answer

Pseudonymization allows for data re-identification, while anonymization does not.

Accepted Answer

Anonymization is more applicable to structured data, while pseudonymization is more suitable for unstructured data.

Answer

Data anonymization and pseudonymization techniques fully eliminate the risk of data breaches.

Answer

Both anonymization and pseudonymization are equally effective in preventing data breaches.

Question 27

How do security orchestration, automation, and response (SOAR) solutions enhance the security of big data systems?

Accepted Answer

SOAR solutions automate security processes, speeding up incident response and containment.

Accepted Answer

SOAR solutions identify and prioritize security threats in big data systems, improving threat detection.

Answer

SOAR solutions are a complete solution for big data security, making other security measures unnecessary.

Answer

SOAR solutions are not suitable for big data environments due to their complexity and resource requirements.

Question 28

Identify the primary focus of legal frameworks governing big data security:

Accepted Answer

Ensuring data protection, privacy, and regulatory compliance

Answer

Compliance with industry standards and best practices

Answer

Developing comprehensive risk management and mitigation strategies

Answer

Establishing incident response and disaster recovery plans

Question 29

What is the PRIMARY impact of the Internet of Things (IoT) on big data security?

Accepted Answer

IoT devices increase the volume and complexity of data requiring security.

Answer

IoT devices simplify data security management by reducing data volume.

Answer

IoT devices have no impact on big data security due to their independent operation.

Answer

IoT devices enhance data security by providing extra authentication for big data systems.

Question 30

Which of the following is a security risk associated with big data sharing and collaboration?

Accepted Answer

Data breaches

Answer

Improved data accuracy

Answer

Increased efficiency

Answer

Enhanced decision-making

Question 31

Which of the following is a poor practice for Big Data Security?

Accepted Answer

Storing all data in a single, centralized location

Answer

Encrypting data at rest and in transit

Answer

Implementing access controls to limit data access

Answer

Regularly backing up data

Question 32

What is a primary ethical concern in big data security?

Accepted Answer

Data misuse

Answer

Data encryption

Answer

Access control

Answer

Data storage

Question 33

Which of the following is a key security concern in big data management?

Accepted Answer

Data privacy and data confidentiality

Answer

High computational costs

Answer

Low storage costs

Answer

Limited scalability

Question 34

Which of the following human-related factors can contribute to big data security breaches?

Accepted Answer

Social engineering

Answer

Physical security breaches

Answer

System vulnerabilities

Answer

Malware attacks

Question 35

What is a fundamental difference between data encryption and data tokenization?

Accepted Answer

Encryption renders data unreadable, while tokenization substitutes data with unique identifiers.

Answer

Both techniques employ complex algorithms for securing data.

Answer

Encryption is faster than tokenization.

Question 36

Which of the following is a best practice for securing big data in cloud environments?

Accepted Answer

Implement multi-factor authentication and enforce strong passwords

Answer

Disable all network access

Answer

Allow unrestricted access to data

Question 37

What is the primary function of data governance in big data security?

Accepted Answer

To establish policies and procedures for managing data

Answer

To perform security audits

Answer

To implement data encryption

Question 38

Which of the following is a cyberattack that involves the unauthorized acquisition of sensitive data from a system?

Accepted Answer

Data breach

Answer

Denial-of-service attack

Answer

Malware

Answer

Phishing

Question 39

Which element of a data security framework defines the mechanisms used to verify the identity of users and control their access to data?

Accepted Answer

Authentication and authorization

Answer

Data monitoring and analysis

Answer

Data backup and recovery

Answer

Data encryption and decryption

Question 40

When securing big data in the cloud, which best practice involves encrypting data both while it is stored and during transmission?

Accepted Answer

Encryption at rest and in transit

Answer

Enforcing strong access controls

Answer

Implementing firewalls

Answer

Performing regular vulnerability assessments

Question 41

Which technology is commonly employed to protect sensitive data by replacing it with non-identifiable or masked values?

Accepted Answer

Data masking

Answer

Intrusion detection systems

Answer

Virtual private networks (VPNs)

Answer

Firewalls

Question 42

Within the context of big data security, which principle of the Zero Trust model requires continuous verification of a user's or device's identity?

Accepted Answer

Never trust, always verify

Answer

Monitor and audit access regularly

Answer

Grant access based on role

Answer

Use strong authentication mechanisms

Question 43

When securing big data pipelines, which best practice involves encrypting data throughout its journey from source to destination?

Accepted Answer

End-to-end encryption

Answer

Regular data validation

Answer

Data anonymization

Answer

Data lineage tracking

Question 44

What is the primary purpose of data encryption in big data security?

Accepted Answer

To protect data at rest and in transit

Answer

To reduce data storage requirements

Answer

To improve data performance

Question 45

Which of the following is a significant security risk associated with cloud-based big data storage?

Accepted Answer

Shared infrastructure

Answer

High performance

Answer

Cost-effectiveness

Answer

Unlimited storage capacity

Question 46

What is the main purpose of access control in big data security?

Accepted Answer

To restrict unauthorized access to data

Answer

To improve data accuracy

Answer

To enhance data interoperability

Answer

To reduce data redundancy

Question 47

Which of the following is a recommended best practice for managing big data security incidents?

Accepted Answer

Establish an incident response plan

Answer

Delay reporting incidents to avoid panic

Answer

Ignore minor incidents

Answer

Overreact to all incidents

Question 48

What is the concept of data masking in the context of big data security?

Accepted Answer

Hiding or replacing sensitive data

Answer

Granting access to data only to authorized users

Answer

Encrypting data using multiple keys

Answer

Removing data from storage

Question 49

What is the significance of data auditing in big data security?

Accepted Answer

To identify security vulnerabilities and unauthorized access

Answer

To reduce data storage costs

Answer

To improve data performance

Question 50

Which of the following is an essential component of a robust big data security strategy?

Accepted Answer

Risk assessment

Answer

Data visualization

Answer

Data backup

Answer

Data analytics

Question 51

Which of the following is a primary security concern associated with big data due to its characteristics?

Accepted Answer

The vast volume and diverse nature of data

Answer

The increasing use of cloud storage for big data

Answer

The high velocity at which data is generated

Answer

The sensitivity of personal or confidential information

Question 52

Which of the following is a prevalent type of security threat specifically targeting big data systems and environments?

Accepted Answer

Data breaches caused by unauthorized access

Answer

Physical theft or destruction of hardware

Answer

Human errors or negligence in data handling

Answer

System failures due to software bugs or hardware malfunctions

Question 53

Which of the following is a crucial step in establishing a comprehensive big data security framework?

Accepted Answer

Conducting thorough risk assessments and vulnerability analyses

Answer

Implementing state-of-the-art security technologies

Answer

Obtaining compliance certifications

Answer

Hiring a large team of experienced security professionals

Question 54

When storing and managing big data in the cloud, which of the following approaches is generally recommended for optimal security?

Accepted Answer

Leveraging cloud-based security services provided by reputable cloud providers

Answer

Storing sensitive data exclusively on on-premises servers

Answer

Relying solely on open-source security tools and in-house expertise

Answer

Disregarding security measures and focusing solely on cost optimization

Question 55

Data governance plays a vital role in big data security. Which of the following is a primary function of data governance in this context?

Accepted Answer

Establishing clear policies, standards, and procedures

Answer

Procuring and deploying security technologies

Answer

Conducting security audits and assessments

Answer

Monitoring security events and incidents

Question 56

In the context of big data analytics, which of the following presents a unique challenge in terms of security?

Accepted Answer

Balancing the need for data protection with the requirements of data analysis

Answer

Developing analytics algorithms that are resilient to security breaches

Answer

Educating data analysts on security best practices

Answer

Finding the right balance between security and performance

Question 57

For encryption in big data environments, which technology is widely adopted?

Accepted Answer

AES-256

Answer

Data Encryption Standard (DES)

Answer

Message Digest 5 (MD5)

Answer

Secure Hash Algorithm 1 (SHA-1)

Question 58

What is the primary purpose of data masking in big data security?

Accepted Answer

Protect sensitive data from unauthorized access or misuse

Answer

Improve data performance through optimization techniques

Answer

Enhance data quality by correcting errors

Answer

Reduce data storage requirements by compressing data

Question 59

To secure access to big data, which of the following best practices should be implemented?

Accepted Answer

Role-based access control (RBAC)

Answer

Storing sensitive data in plain text without encryption

Answer

Using weak passwords for user accounts

Answer

Granting all users unrestricted access to all data

Question 60

In the context of big data security, what is the primary role of a Data Security Officer (DSO)?

Accepted Answer

Oversee and ensure compliance with data security policies and regulations

Answer

Conduct regular security audits and vulnerability assessments

Answer

Develop and maintain software for data protection and encryption

Question 61

Which characteristic of big data poses a significant challenge to its security?

Accepted Answer

Volume and variety of data

Answer

Complexity of data

Answer

Velocity of data

Answer

Veracity of data

Question 62

What is the primary function of a Security Information and Event Management (SIEM) system in big data security?

Accepted Answer

Monitor and analyze security logs and events to detect and respond to threats

Answer

Encrypt sensitive data to protect it from unauthorized access

Answer

Detect and prevent network intrusions and attacks

Question 63

Which best practice is recommended to protect big data from ransomware attacks?

Accepted Answer

Implement regular data backups

Answer

Disable antivirus software to avoid potential conflicts

Answer

Pay the ransom demand to recover encrypted data

Answer

Immediately delete infected files without attempting recovery

Question 64

Which of the following is a best practice for securing big data?

Accepted Answer

Implementing role-based access controls

Answer

Storing data in a single location

Answer

Using weak encryption algorithms

Answer

Ignoring data security updates