3D Lighting and Shading: Master Realistic Lighting Effects in Computer Graphics

Question 1

Which texture mapping technique stores data for each texel in a 3D texture?

Accepted Answer

Volume texture mapping

Answer

2D texture mapping

Answer

Bump mapping

Answer

Displacement mapping

Question 2

Which lighting equation includes a term for diffuse reflection, a term for specular reflection, and a term for ambient light?

Accepted Answer

Phong's equation

Answer

Lambert's equation

Answer

Blinn-Phong's equation

Answer

Cook-Torrance equation

Question 3

Which technique reduces the computational cost of global illumination?

Accepted Answer

Baked lighting

Answer

Photon mapping

Answer

Radiosity

Answer

Path tracing

Question 4

Which tool is commonly used to create realistic material textures in 3D graphics?

Accepted Answer

Substance Designer

Answer

Adobe Photoshop

Answer

ZBrush

Answer

Maya

Question 5

Which factor is **least** important when choosing a lighting technique for a specific 3D scene?

Accepted Answer

Artist's skill level

Answer

Desired visual style

Answer

Scene complexity

Answer

Computational resources

Question 6

How does ambient occlusion differ from global illumination in 3D graphics?

Accepted Answer

Ambient occlusion simulates indirect lighting, while global illumination simulates both direct and indirect lighting.

Answer

Global illumination simulates indirect lighting, while ambient occlusion simulates only direct lighting.

Answer

Ambient occlusion and global illumination are essentially the same technique with different names.

Answer

Global illumination is a real-time technique, while ambient occlusion is a pre-computed technique.

Question 7

What is the primary purpose of a lightmap in 3D graphics?

Accepted Answer

To store pre-calculated lighting information for faster rendering

Answer

To store vertex data and texture coordinates for each object

Answer

To define the materials and textures of objects

Answer

To create a physical representation of the lighting in the scene

Question 8

What is a key advantage of using image-based lighting (IBL) in 3D graphics?

Accepted Answer

Enhanced realism and natural-looking lighting

Answer

Reduced computation time compared to traditional lighting methods

Answer

Improved shadow quality and depth of field

Answer

Simplified lighting setup and control

Question 9

What is the goal of tone mapping in 3D graphics?

Accepted Answer

To adjust the brightness and contrast of an image for realistic perception

Answer

To eliminate noise and artifacts from an image

Answer

To enhance the color saturation of an image

Answer

To create a stylized or artistic effect

Question 10

Which type of lighting simulates the illumination emitted from the sun in a 3D scene?

Accepted Answer

Directional light

Answer

Ambient light

Answer

Point light

Answer

Spotlight

Question 11

What technique is primarily used to reduce aliasing, resulting in smoother edges and a more realistic image?

Accepted Answer

Anti-aliasing

Answer

Texturing

Answer

Tessellation

Answer

Ambient occlusion

Question 12

Which property of light determines its perceived color?

Accepted Answer

Wavelength

Answer

Intensity

Answer

Direction

Answer

Attenuation

Question 13

What type of texture mapping technique wraps the texture around the entire 3D model, creating a seamless effect?

Accepted Answer

Spherical mapping

Answer

Cylindrical mapping

Answer

Planar mapping

Answer

UV mapping

Question 14

Which technique is commonly used to generate shadows in 3D scenes, creating depth and realism?

Accepted Answer

Shadow mapping

Answer

Ray tracing

Answer

Depth buffer

Answer

Stencil buffer

Question 15

Which shading interpolation method calculates shading values at vertices and interpolates them across faces, resulting in smooth shading?

Accepted Answer

Gouraud shading

Answer

Phong shading

Answer

Blinn-Phong shading

Answer

Lambert shading

Question 16

What is the standard unit of measurement for luminous intensity?

Accepted Answer

Candelas

Answer

Watts

Answer

Lumens

Answer

Lux

Question 17

Which material property defines the amount of light reflected from the surface, influencing its perceived brightness?

Accepted Answer

Diffuse color

Answer

Specular color

Answer

Shininess

Answer

Emissive color

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a primary light type used in 3D graphics to illuminate scenes?

Accepted Answer

Ambient light

Answer

Directional light

Answer

Point light

Answer

Area light

Question 19

Which shading model assumes that the light source is infinitely far away and emits rays parallel to each other?

Accepted Answer

Lambert shading

Answer

Phong shading

Answer

Blinn-Phong shading

Answer

Cook-Torrance shading

Question 20

Which technique is commonly used to reduce noise in rendered images?

Accepted Answer

Anti-aliasing

Answer

Ambient occlusion

Answer

Global illumination

Answer

Motion blur

Question 21

What is the key difference between diffuse reflection and specular reflection in 3D graphics?

Accepted Answer

Diffuse reflection scatters light in all directions, while specular reflection reflects light in a specific direction

Answer

Specular reflection scatters light in all directions, while diffuse reflection reflects light in a specific direction

Answer

Diffuse reflection is caused by rough surfaces, while specular reflection is caused by smooth surfaces

Answer

Specular reflection is caused by rough surfaces, while diffuse reflection is caused by smooth surfaces

Question 22

What is the primary function of a light probe in 3D graphics?

Accepted Answer

To capture lighting information and store it for later use

Answer

To generate shadows

Answer

To enhance the color of objects

Answer

To provide global illumination

Question 23

Which of the following is NOT a traditional lighting model commonly employed in computer graphics?

Accepted Answer

Ray Tracing

Answer

Ambient

Answer

Specular

Answer

Diffuse

Question 24

What is the primary purpose of normal vectors in lighting calculations?

Accepted Answer

To indicate the surface orientation at a specific point

Answer

To determine the reflected light amount in a particular direction

Answer

To store texture coordinates associated with a vertex

Answer

To specify the color of individual pixels

Question 25

How can specular and diffuse shading be distinguished?

Accepted Answer

Specular shading creates shiny highlights while diffuse shading results in matte surfaces.

Answer

Diffuse shading creates shiny highlights while specular shading produces matte surfaces.

Answer

Specular shading is exclusively used for non-metallic surfaces while diffuse shading is employed for metallic surfaces.

Answer

Diffuse shading is utilized for non-metallic surfaces while specular shading is reserved for metallic surfaces.

Question 26

Which lighting type emits parallel rays simulating natural sunlight?

Accepted Answer

Directional light

Answer

Spot light

Answer

Ambient light

Answer

Point light

Question 27

What is the purpose of utilizing a normal map in 3D graphics?

Accepted Answer

To enhance surface detail without increasing geometry complexity

Answer

To achieve diffuse lighting effects

Answer

To provide realistic shadows

Question 28

Which shading model considers light interactions across multiple surfaces?

Accepted Answer

Global illumination

Answer

Gourand shading

Answer

Phong shading

Answer

Lambert shading

Question 29

What aspect of shading is responsible for surface highlights based on light reflection angles?

Accepted Answer

Specular component

Answer

Ambient component

Answer

Diffuse component

Question 30

What is the fundamental distinction between a directional and a point light source?

Accepted Answer

Directional light emits parallel rays, while point light radiates light in all directions

Answer

Point light can cast shadows, but directional light cannot

Answer

Directional light is more intense than point light

Question 31

Which shading model utilizes a sphere map for simulating environment lighting?

Accepted Answer

Image-based lighting

Answer

Phong shading

Answer

Ambient occlusion

Answer

Blinn-Phong shading

Question 32

What is the role of an ambient occlusion map in shading?

Accepted Answer

Produces subtle shading based on light blocked by nearby objects

Answer

Simulates global illumination

Answer

Creates detailed surface textures

Question 33

Which shadow mapping technique balances realism and computational cost?

Accepted Answer

Variance shadow mapping

Answer

Hard shadow mapping

Answer

Soft shadow mapping

Answer

Ray traced shadow mapping

Question 34

What factor primarily influences the smoothness of a Gouraud-shaded surface?

Accepted Answer

Vertex count

Answer

Normal map

Answer

Light intensity

Answer

Material reflectivity

Question 35

What is the main function of the ambient light component in a lighting setup?

Accepted Answer

Provides a uniform level of illumination, reducing the impact of shadows and enhancing the visibility of objects in low-light conditions.

Answer

Adds highlights and shadows to surfaces, accentuating surface details.

Answer

Simulates directional lighting from a specific source, such as the sun or a spotlight.

Question 36

Which of the following is a popular shadow mapping technique used in 3D graphics?

Accepted Answer

Perspective shadow mapping

Answer

Ray tracing

Answer

Global illumination

Answer

Ambient occlusion

Question 37

What is the primary purpose of using a normal map in 3D shading?

Accepted Answer

Enhances surface details by storing and encoding surface normal information, providing more realistic shading and lighting effects.

Answer

Defines the texture coordinates for mapping textures onto the surface.

Answer

Provides height values for displacement mapping.

Question 38

Which key advantage does Physically Based Rendering (PBR) offer in 3D graphics?

Accepted Answer

Produces physically accurate materials by simulating their real-world properties, leading to more realistic and immersive visual experiences.

Answer

Offers faster rendering times compared to traditional shading models.

Answer

Requires less manual tweaking of parameters, simplifying the lighting setup process.

Question 39

What is the primary function of the specular component in the Phong shading model?

Accepted Answer

Creates highlights and reflections on surfaces, simulating the way light interacts with shiny or glossy materials.

Answer

Provides ambient illumination for the scene.

Answer

Enhances the roughness of the surface, creating a more matte or textured appearance.

Answer

Simulates subsurface scattering, affecting the way light penetrates and is scattered within a surface.

Question 40

What is a key benefit of utilizing High Dynamic Range (HDR) lighting in 3D scenes?

Accepted Answer

Extends the range of light values beyond the limits of standard lighting, enabling more realistic representation of lighting conditions and capturing a wider dynamic range of light intensities.

Answer

HDR reduces the need for multiple light sources to achieve adequate illumination.

Question 41

What is the primary purpose of employing a light probe in a lighting setup?

Accepted Answer

Captures and stores the indirect lighting information of a scene, enabling dynamic lighting and real-time rendering of indirect lighting effects.

Answer

Provides direct illumination from a specific direction, simulating the effect of a spotlight or sunlight.

Answer

Creates shadows based on the position and shape of the light source.