Early Schools of Psychology: A Comprehensive Guide for Psychology Students

Question 1

Who is recognized as the father of Structuralism?

Accepted Answer

Wilhelm Wundt

Answer

William James

Answer

Sigmund Freud

Answer

B.F. Skinner

Question 2

Which school of psychology emphasizes the adaptive value of consciousness and behavior?

Accepted Answer

Functionalism

Answer

Structuralism

Answer

Psychoanalysis

Answer

Humanism

Question 3

Who is known for developing the concept of the unconscious mind?

Accepted Answer

Sigmund Freud

Answer

Wilhelm Wundt

Answer

William James

Answer

Carl Jung

Question 4

Which of the following is a method primarily used in structuralism?

Accepted Answer

Introspection

Answer

Free association

Answer

Observation

Answer

Experimentation

Question 5

Who is credited with introducing the term 'functionalism'?

Accepted Answer

William James

Answer

John Dewey

Answer

Sigmund Freud

Answer

Wilhelm Wundt

Question 6

Who among the following is NOT a prominent advocate of structuralism?

Accepted Answer

Sigmund Freud

Answer

Wilhelm Wundt

Answer

Edward Titchener

Answer

Hermann Ebbinghaus

Question 7

Which of the following individuals is **not** considered a key proponent of structuralism?

Accepted Answer

William James

Answer

Wilhelm Wundt

Answer

Edward Titchener

Answer

Hermann Ebbinghaus

Question 8

Which of the following concepts is **not** central to the theory of psychoanalysis?

Accepted Answer

Classical conditioning

Answer

Unconscious mind

Answer

Defense mechanisms

Answer

Transference

Question 9

According to structuralists, the fundamental building block of consciousness is:

Accepted Answer

Sensation

Answer

Stimulus

Answer

Thought

Answer

Emotion

Question 10

Which school of psychology emphasizes the significance of studying the purpose or function of mental processes?

Accepted Answer

Functionalism

Answer

Structuralism

Answer

Behaviorism

Answer

Gestalt psychology

Question 11

What was the primary focus of functionalism, a school of psychology that emphasized the purpose and function of mental processes?

Accepted Answer

Understanding the purpose and function of mental processes

Answer

Analyzing the structure of the mind

Answer

Exploring the unconscious mind

Answer

Studying the effects of environment on behavior

Question 12

According to psychoanalysis, which part of the mind is believed to contain repressed memories and instincts?

Accepted Answer

Unconscious

Answer

Conscious

Answer

Preconscious

Answer

Superego

Question 13

How did functionalism contribute to the development of applied psychology?

Accepted Answer

By emphasizing the importance of studying mental processes in real-world contexts.

Answer

By providing a framework for understanding individual differences.

Answer

By developing new methods for assessing mental abilities.

Answer

By demonstrating the impact of the environment on behavior.

Question 14

What is a key characteristic of psychoanalysis?

Accepted Answer

Emphasis on the unconscious mind

Answer

Focus on observable behavior

Answer

Analysis of mental structures

Answer

Examination of the purpose of mental processes

Question 15

Wilhelm Wundt is widely regarded as the founder of which school of psychology?

Accepted Answer

Structuralism

Answer

Functionalism

Answer

Psychoanalysis

Answer

Behaviorism

Question 16

Which school of psychology emphasized the adaptive functions of mental processes, such as perception and memory?

Accepted Answer

Functionalism

Answer

Structuralism

Answer

Psychoanalysis

Answer

Gestalt psychology

Question 17

Sigmund Freud's theory of psychoanalysis centered around the concept of:

Accepted Answer

Unconscious mental processes

Answer

Structuralism

Answer

Introspection

Answer

Behaviorism

Question 18

During the early development of psychology, introspective observation primarily served as the research method within which school?

Accepted Answer

Structuralism

Answer

Functionalism

Answer

Psychoanalysis

Answer

Behaviorism

Question 19

In William James' functionalist approach to psychology, a critical focus was placed on:

Accepted Answer

The adaptive value of mental functions

Answer

The structure of consciousness

Answer

The influence of unconscious processes

Answer

The role of stimulus-response connections

Question 20

How did functionalism diverge from structuralism in its approach to the study of psychology?

Accepted Answer

It focused on the purpose and utility of mental processes.

Answer

It emphasized the importance of analyzing the mind as a whole.

Answer

It rejected the use of experimental methods.

Answer

It prioritized the study of individual differences.