Cognitive Psychology 101: Exploring the Fundamentals

Question 1

According to cognitive psychology, mental processes are often characterized as:

Accepted Answer

Structured and logical

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Random and impulsive

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Highly influenced by emotions

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Unconscious and inaccessible

Question 2

What is a schema in the context of cognitive psychology?

Accepted Answer

A mental representation that organizes and interprets information

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A set of beliefs or biases that shape our perceptions

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A type of learning that involves classical conditioning

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A mechanism for storing and retrieving memories

Question 3

Which of the following is a practical application of cognitive psychology related to memory improvement?

Accepted Answer

Developing study techniques

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Designing websites

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Treating brain injuries

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Developing artificial intelligence

Question 4

What is an example of a computer simulation often used in cognitive psychology?

Accepted Answer

ACT-R

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Google Translate

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Photoshop

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Excel

Question 5

Which of the following concepts is considered fundamental to cognitive psychology?

Accepted Answer

Schema

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Instinct

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Free will

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Reinforcement

Question 6

Which of these is NOT a core area of study within cognitive psychology?

Accepted Answer

Emotion

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Perception

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Attention

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Memory

Question 7

In cognitive psychology, what is the primary focus of the information processing framework?

Accepted Answer

How information is received, transformed, and retrieved by the cognitive system.

Answer

The formation and storage of memories.

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The regulation of perception and attention.

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The understanding of emotions and motivations.

Question 8

Cognitive psychology primarily focuses on:

Accepted Answer

Mental processes such as attention, memory, language, and problem-solving

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Neural mechanisms underlying cognitive processes

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Computational modeling of cognitive processes

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Therapeutic interventions for mental health conditions

Question 9

Cognitive Psychology Which component is not considered a key aspect of cognitive psychology?

Accepted Answer

Motor control

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Perception

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Memory

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Language

Question 10

Research Methodologies Which research method is commonly employed in cognitive psychology to investigate mental processes?

Accepted Answer

Experimental method

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Introspection

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Observational study

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Correlational study

Question 11

Cognitive Psychology vs. Cognitive Neuroscience How do these two fields differ?

Accepted Answer

Cognitive psychology focuses on the mind's structure, while cognitive neuroscience focuses on the brain.

Answer

Cognitive neuroscience focuses on the mind's structure, while cognitive psychology focuses on the brain.

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Cognitive psychology studies mental processes, while cognitive neuroscience studies behavior.

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Cognitive neuroscience studies mental processes, while cognitive psychology studies behavior.

Question 12

Cognitive Biases Which of the following is not an example of a cognitive bias?

Accepted Answer

Logical reasoning

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Confirmation bias

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Hindsight bias

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Availability heuristic

Question 13

Cognitive Rehabilitation What is the primary aim of cognitive rehabilitation?

Accepted Answer

To enhance cognitive functioning in individuals with cognitive impairments.

Answer

To prevent the onset of cognitive decline.

Answer

To diagnose cognitive disorders.

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To develop new cognitive theories.

Question 14

Which of the following disciplines is most closely aligned with cognitive psychology?

Accepted Answer

Neuroscience

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Sociology

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Economics

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Political Science

Question 15

Cognitive psychology primarily focuses on:

Accepted Answer

Mental processes and internal representations

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Behavioral responses

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Physiological reactions

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Personality traits

Question 16

Cognitive psychology differs from behavioral psychology by:

Accepted Answer

Examining mental processes and internal representations

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Focusing solely on observable behaviors

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Using exclusively quantitative research methods

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Being concerned only with animal behavior

Question 17

What is a potential limitation of cognitive psychology?

Accepted Answer

Difficulty in directly studying mental processes

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Over-reliance on self-report measures

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Lack of applicability to real-world situations

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Relevance only to human subjects

Question 18

Define cognitive psychology, expressing its focus on mental processes.

Accepted Answer

The study of mental processes that underlie behavior

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The study of brain structure and function

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The study of information processing in computers

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The study of language and communication

Question 19

Identify the topic not central to cognitive psychology's scope.

Accepted Answer

Motivation

Answer

Attention

Answer

Memory

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Intelligence

Question 20

State the primary goal pursued by cognitive psychologists.

Accepted Answer

Comprehend the mental processes underlying behavior

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Develop technologies to enhance cognitive function

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Treat mental disorders

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Create artificial intelligence

Question 21

Describe the relationship between cognitive psychology and computer science.

Accepted Answer

Cognitive psychology and computer science are interconnected, sharing interest in information processing.

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Cognitive psychology focuses on human cognition, while computer science studies artificial intelligence.

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Cognitive psychology has no relation to computer science

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Computer science is a subset of cognitive psychology

Question 22

Which of the following disciplines shares a close relationship with cognitive psychology?

Accepted Answer

Neuroscience

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Sociology

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Economics

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Theology

Question 23

What is the main focus of cognitive neuroscience?

Accepted Answer

Investigating the neural basis of cognition

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Studying the effects of behavior on the brain

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Developing computational models of emotion

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Examining the influence of the environment on neural processes

Question 24

Which of the following is a fundamental assumption in cognitive psychology?

Accepted Answer

Mental processes can be inferred from observable behaviors

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Cognition is a passive, reactive process

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Cognitive abilities are solely determined by genetics

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Cognitive development is linear and predictable

Question 25

What is the primary goal of using computational models in cognitive psychology?

Accepted Answer

To simulate and understand cognitive processes

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To predict the future behavior of individuals

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To diagnose and treat psychological disorders

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To enhance educational practices for students

Question 26

Which of the following is NOT a key component of information processing models?

Accepted Answer

Bias

Answer

Input

Answer

Output

Answer

Storage

Question 27

What is the primary focus of cognitive neuroscience?

Accepted Answer

Investigating the neural mechanisms underlying cognitive processes

Answer

Developing new therapies for cognitive disorders

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Creating artificial intelligence systems

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Understanding the evolutionary origins of the human mind

Question 28

What is the primary goal of cognitive psychology?

Accepted Answer

To explain mental processes

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To observe mental processes

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To predict mental processes

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To manipulate mental processes

Question 29

Which of the following is a fundamental concept omitted from the core of cognitive psychology?

Accepted Answer

Emotion

Answer

Attention

Answer

Language

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Problem-solving

Question 30

The emergence of cognitive psychology as a separate field was primarily driven by:

Accepted Answer

Dissatisfaction with behaviorism's limitations

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Advances in brain imaging techniques

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The rise of evolutionary psychology

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The discovery of mirror neurons

Question 31

The term 'cognitive revolution' in psychology is most closely associated with the contributions of:

Accepted Answer

George Miller

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Carl Rogers

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Wilhelm Wundt

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B.F. Skinner

Question 32

Which of the following is considered a core aspect of cognitive psychology's focus?

Accepted Answer

Investigating mental processes like perception, memory, and attention

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Examining the biological underpinnings of cognition

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Creating computational models to simulate cognitive abilities

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Studying how social and cultural factors shape cognition

Question 33

Which cognitive process involves selectively focusing attention on particular stimuli?

Accepted Answer

Attention

Answer

Perception

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Memory

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Language

Question 34

How does cognitive psychology differ from behavioral psychology?

Accepted Answer

Cognitive psychology focuses on internal mental processes, while behavioral psychology focuses on observable behaviors.

Answer

Cognitive psychology emphasizes genetic influences on behavior, while behavioral psychology emphasizes environmental influences.

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Cognitive psychology uses animal models exclusively, while behavioral psychology focuses on human behavior.

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Cognitive psychology is a relatively new field, while behavioral psychology has a long-established history.

Question 35

Which of the following is a key characteristic of cognitive flexibility?

Accepted Answer

Adaptability to changing situations

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Specificity to particular tasks

Answer

Reversibility of cognitive processes

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Innate and unchanging nature