Bipolar Disorder: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a recognized subtype of bipolar disorder?

Accepted Answer

Unipolar Depression

Answer

Bipolar I Disorder

Answer

Bipolar II Disorder

Answer

Cyclothymia

Question 2

What class of medication is considered the first-line pharmacological treatment for bipolar disorder?

Accepted Answer

Mood stabilizers

Answer

Antidepressants

Answer

Antipsychotics

Answer

Benzodiazepines

Question 3

Which of the following is a characteristic symptom of a manic episode in bipolar disorder?

Accepted Answer

Extreme hyperactivity and energy

Answer

Persistent feelings of sadness

Answer

Hallucinations and delusions

Answer

Suicidal thoughts

Question 4

Which of the following is the diagnostic criterion for a hypomanic episode?

Accepted Answer

A period of at least 1 week of elevated or irritable mood and increased activity or energy.

Answer

A period of at least 2 weeks of depressed mood and loss of interest in activities.

Answer

A period of at least 1 month of disorganized thinking and speech.

Answer

A period of at least 6 months of persistent delusions or hallucinations.

Question 5

Which type of bipolar disorder involves alternating episodes of mania or hypomania and severe depression?

Accepted Answer

Bipolar I disorder

Answer

Bipolar II disorder

Answer

Cyclothymia

Answer

Unspecified bipolar disorder

Question 6

What is a common genetic risk factor for bipolar disorder?

Accepted Answer

Variation in the CACNA1C gene

Answer

Mutation in the BRCA1 gene

Answer

Deletion in the 22q11.2 region

Answer

Translocation in the 1q21 region

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a symptom of rapid cycling?

Accepted Answer

Periods of euthymia

Answer

Frequent mood swings (at least four episodes per year)

Answer

Periods of psychosis

Answer

Suicidal thoughts

Question 8

Which of the following is a key symptom of a manic episode in bipolar I disorder?

Accepted Answer

Elevated mood or irritability

Answer

Depressed mood

Answer

Racing thoughts

Answer

Excessive guilt

Question 9

Which class of medication is primarily used to stabilize mood in bipolar disorder?

Accepted Answer

Mood stabilizers

Answer

Antidepressants

Answer

Antipsychotics

Answer

Benzodiazepines

Question 10

What is a key difference between bipolar I and bipolar II disorder?

Accepted Answer

Bipolar I episodes involve mania, while bipolar II episodes involve hypomania

Answer

Bipolar I disorder is more prevalent in men, while bipolar II disorder is more prevalent in women

Answer

Bipolar II episodes are more likely to be triggered by stress

Answer

There is no significant difference between bipolar I and bipolar II disorder

Question 11

Which of the following is a key symptom of a manic episode?

Accepted Answer

Racing thoughts and a decreased need for sleep

Answer

Intense sadness and hopelessness

Answer

Significant fatigue and withdrawal

Answer

Difficulty making decisions

Question 12

Which type of bipolar disorder is characterized by severe manic episodes that can lead to hospitalization?

Accepted Answer

Bipolar I

Answer

Bipolar II

Answer

Cyclothymic disorder

Answer

Rapid cycling bipolar disorder

Question 13

What class of medication is primarily used as a mood stabilizer in the treatment of bipolar disorder?

Accepted Answer

Mood stabilizers

Answer

Antidepressants

Answer

Antipsychotics

Answer

Anxiolytics

Question 14

What is the term used to describe a period of rapid mood shifts between mania and depression?

Accepted Answer

Rapid cycling

Answer

Mixed episode

Answer

Mood swings

Answer

Emotional lability

Question 15

Which of the following symptoms definitively characterizes a manic episode?

Accepted Answer

Elevated mood

Answer

Depressed mood

Answer

Psychomotor retardation

Answer

Anhedonia

Question 16

What is the primary treatment approach for managing bipolar disorder?

Accepted Answer

A combination of these approaches

Answer

Medication

Answer

Psychotherapy

Answer

Electroconvulsive therapy

Question 17

Which medication is commonly prescribed to stabilize mood in individuals with bipolar disorder?

Accepted Answer

Lithium

Answer

Antidepressants

Answer

Benzodiazepines

Answer

Antipsychotics

Question 18

Select the symptom that is characteristic of a depressive episode:

Accepted Answer

Persistent sadness

Answer

Increased energy levels

Answer

Racing thoughts

Answer

Grandiose delusions

Question 19

Which of the following is a characteristic symptom of manic episodes, marked by elevated or irritable mood, excessive energy, and rapidly racing thoughts?

Accepted Answer

Excessive energy and talkativeness

Answer

Depressed mood

Answer

Suicidal thoughts

Answer

Loss of appetite

Question 20

What is the primary therapeutic goal of mood stabilizers in managing bipolar disorder, aiming to prevent or reduce the severity and frequency of mood episodes?

Accepted Answer

To prevent mood swings

Answer

To elevate mood

Answer

To reduce anxiety

Answer

To improve sleep

Question 21

How does bipolar disorder differ from unipolar depression in its clinical presentation and course, especially in terms of mood episodes and their patterns?

Accepted Answer

Bipolar disorder involves alternating episodes of mania and depression, while unipolar depression does not.

Answer

Bipolar disorder is more severe than unipolar depression.

Answer

Bipolar disorder is more common in men, while unipolar depression is more common in women.

Answer

There is no difference between bipolar disorder and unipolar depression.

Question 22

Which of the following is a potential negative consequence of the stigma associated with bipolar disorder?

Accepted Answer

Delayed or avoided treatment

Answer

Increased employment opportunities

Answer

Enhanced social connections

Answer

Improved self-esteem

Question 23

Which of the following symptoms is characteristic of the manic phase of bipolar disorder?

Accepted Answer

Elevated mood or increased energy

Answer

Depressed mood

Answer

Loss of interest in activities

Answer

Suicidal thoughts

Question 24

What is the term for the disorder characterized by alternating episodes of mania and depression?

Accepted Answer

Bipolar I disorder

Answer

Bipolar II disorder

Answer

Cyclothymia

Answer

Schizoaffective disorder

Question 25

What is the first-line pharmacological treatment for acute mania?

Accepted Answer

Antipsychotics

Answer

Antidepressants

Answer

Mood stabilizers

Answer

Anxiolytics

Question 26

According to the diagnostic criteria for a manic episode, what is the minimum duration of elevated mood or increased energy?

Accepted Answer

1 week

Answer

1 day

Answer

2 weeks

Answer

1 month

Question 27

What is the primary objective of psychotherapy for bipolar disorder?

Accepted Answer

To prevent relapse and manage symptoms

Answer

To completely eliminate symptoms

Answer

To enhance self-esteem

Answer

To improve cognitive functioning

Question 28

A defining symptom of a manic episode is:

Accepted Answer

Sustained elevated or irritable mood

Answer

Depressed mood

Answer

Psychomotor retardation

Answer

Loss of interest in activities

Question 29

The distinction between bipolar I and bipolar II disorder lies in the severity of the manic episodes, with bipolar I involving:

Accepted Answer

Full-blown manic episodes

Answer

Hypomanic episodes only

Answer

No manic episodes at all

Answer

More frequent manic episodes

Question 30

The primary treatment approach for bipolar disorder involves the use of:

Accepted Answer

Mood stabilizers

Answer

Antidepressants alone

Answer

Antipsychotics alone

Answer

Psychotherapy alone

Question 31

A cognitive-behavioral therapy technique specifically used in the treatment of bipolar disorder is:

Accepted Answer

Interpersonal and social rhythm therapy (IPSRT)

Answer

Exposure and response prevention (ERP)

Answer

Cognitive restructuring

Answer

Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT)

Question 32

Research suggests that electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is effective in:

Accepted Answer

Both managing acute mania and treating severe depression

Answer

Treating severe depression

Answer

Managing acute mania

Answer

Neither the treatment of severe depression nor management of acute mania

Question 33

Which of the following symptoms is characteristic of bipolar I disorder?

Accepted Answer

Sustained elevated or irritable mood.

Answer

Prolonged periods of depressed mood.

Answer

Persistent feelings of worthlessness or excessive guilt.

Answer

Difficulty concentrating or making decisions.

Question 34

Which of the following is a defining symptom of bipolar I disorder?

Accepted Answer

A period of elevated or irritable mood, accompanied by symptoms such as racing thoughts, decreased need for sleep, and increased energy, lasting at least 1 week

Answer

A period of depressed mood lasting at least 2 weeks

Answer

Alternating periods of elevated and depressed mood, each lasting less than 4 days

Question 35

Which of the following is a characteristic symptom of a manic episode?

Accepted Answer

Inflated self-esteem, racing thoughts, and decreased need for sleep

Answer

Persistent depressed mood

Answer

Loss of interest in activities and fatigue

Answer

Cognitive impairment and disorientation

Question 36

Which type of bipolar disorder is characterized by alternating episodes of mania and depression, with at least one episode of full mania?

Accepted Answer

Bipolar I disorder

Answer

Bipolar II disorder

Answer

Cyclothymia

Answer

Rapid cycling bipolar disorder

Question 37

What is the primary goal of medication treatment for bipolar disorder?

Accepted Answer

To prevent future episodes and stabilize mood

Answer

To eliminate symptoms completely

Answer

To cure the disorder permanently

Answer

To improve overall functioning

Question 38

Which of the following is NOT a common comorbidity with bipolar disorder?

Accepted Answer

Schizophrenia

Answer

Anxiety disorders

Answer

Alcohol use disorder

Answer

Personality disorders

Question 39

What is the term for a period of rapid mood swings between mania and depression, occurring more than four times a year?

Accepted Answer

Rapid cycling

Answer

Mixed episode

Answer

Hypomania

Answer

Dysthymia

Question 40

What is the first-line treatment option for a person experiencing a manic episode?

Accepted Answer

Antipsychotics

Answer

Antidepressants

Answer

Mood stabilizers

Answer

Psychotherapy

Question 41

According to the DSM-5, which of the following is a defining characteristic of Bipolar I disorder?

Accepted Answer

A period of mania lasting at least one week

Answer

A period of hypomania lasting at least four days

Answer

A period of depression lasting at least six months

Answer

A period of mixed symptoms lasting at least two weeks

Question 42

Which of the following is a first-line treatment option for bipolar disorder?

Accepted Answer

Mood stabilizers

Answer

Antipsychotics

Answer

Antidepressants

Answer

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)

Question 43

How does the biopsychosocial model explain the development of bipolar disorder?

Accepted Answer

It emphasizes the combined influence of biological vulnerability, psychological factors, and social stressors.

Answer

It highlights the importance of genetics in causing bipolar disorder.

Answer

It suggests that environmental factors alone can trigger bipolar disorder.

Answer

It minimizes the role of biological factors in the development of bipolar disorder.

Question 44

How does bipolar disorder typically affect individuals' daily lives?

Accepted Answer

Marked impairment in social, occupational, and academic activities during both manic and depressive episodes

Answer

Enhanced social interactions and improved productivity

Answer

Minimal disruption to daily activities during both manic and depressive episodes

Answer

Improved cognitive abilities and heightened creativity

Question 45

Which of the following is a characteristic symptom of a manic episode in bipolar disorder?

Accepted Answer

Excessive energy, decreased need for sleep, racing thoughts, and inflated self-esteem

Answer

Persistent low mood, loss of interest, and fatigue

Answer

Delusions, hallucinations, and disorganized speech

Answer

Difficulty concentrating, impaired memory, and slowed thinking

Question 46

What is the primary treatment approach for bipolar disorder?

Accepted Answer

Medication, specifically mood stabilizers and antipsychotics

Answer

Electroconvulsive therapy as the sole treatment

Answer

Psychotherapy alone

Answer

Lifestyle changes only

Question 47

Which of the following may be an early warning sign of an impending manic episode in bipolar disorder?

Accepted Answer

Increased talkativeness, grandiose ideas, and decreased need for sleep

Answer

Difficulty concentrating, impaired memory, and slowed thinking

Answer

Delusions, hallucinations, and disorganized speech

Answer

Social withdrawal, loss of appetite, and fatigue

Question 48

What is a key distinction between bipolar I and bipolar II disorder?

Accepted Answer

Bipolar I disorder involves full manic episodes, while bipolar II disorder involves hypomanic episodes and major depressive episodes

Answer

Bipolar II disorder is more responsive to medication than bipolar I disorder

Answer

Bipolar I disorder is more prevalent than bipolar II disorder

Question 49

What is the primary goal of treatment for bipolar disorder?

Accepted Answer

To stabilize mood and prevent the occurrence of future episodes

Answer

To solely manage symptoms during active episodes

Answer

To completely cure the disorder

Answer

To improve cognitive functioning

Question 50

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic symptom of a manic episode in Bipolar Disorder?

Accepted Answer

Increased need for sleep

Answer

Racing thoughts and pressured speech

Answer

Increased energy and activity

Answer

Grandiosity or inflated self-esteem

Question 51

A patient presents with symptoms of extreme sadness, fatigue, and loss of interest in activities they once enjoyed. However, they also report periods of heightened energy, impulsivity, and grandiose ideas. Which type of Bipolar Disorder is most likely?

Accepted Answer

Bipolar I Disorder

Answer

Bipolar II Disorder

Answer

Major Depressive Disorder

Answer

Cyclothymic Disorder

Question 52

Which of the following is a common cognitive therapy technique used in the treatment of Bipolar Disorder?

Accepted Answer

Cognitive Restructuring

Answer

Aversion Therapy

Answer

Systematic Desensitization

Answer

Exposure Therapy

Question 53

A patient with Bipolar Disorder experiences rapid shifts in mood, energy, and activity levels within the same day. This is known as:

Accepted Answer

Rapid Cycling

Answer

Dysthymia

Answer

Mixed State

Answer

Hypomania

Question 54

Which of the following is NOT considered a potential risk factor for developing Bipolar Disorder?

Accepted Answer

Low socioeconomic status

Answer

Substance abuse

Answer

Family history of Bipolar Disorder

Question 55

A patient is diagnosed with Bipolar Disorder and is prescribed lithium. This medication is primarily used to:

Accepted Answer

Stabilize mood swings

Answer

Improve sleep quality

Answer

Reduce anxiety symptoms

Answer

Treat hallucinations and delusions

Question 56

Which of the following best describes the impact of Bipolar Disorder on family members?

Accepted Answer

Significant stress, disruption, and potential for emotional distress

Answer

Minimal impact, as the disorder primarily affects the individual

Answer

Increased family bonding and support

Question 57

A patient reports experiencing periods of mild mood swings and fluctuations in energy levels that are not severe enough to meet the criteria for Bipolar Disorder. This may be indicative of:

Accepted Answer

Cyclothymic Disorder

Answer

Borderline Personality Disorder

Answer

Major Depressive Disorder

Answer

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Question 58

Which of the following statements about the prognosis of Bipolar Disorder is most accurate?

Accepted Answer

With proper treatment, individuals can manage their symptoms and lead fulfilling lives.

Answer

The disorder usually resolves on its own without intervention.

Answer

It is a chronic condition that cannot be effectively treated.

Question 59

A patient with Bipolar Disorder is experiencing a manic episode. Which of the following would be the MOST important initial step in managing their care?

Accepted Answer

Ensure their safety and prevent potential harm to themselves or others.

Answer

Engage in cognitive restructuring techniques.

Answer

Administer medication immediately.