Group Processes: Dynamics, Leadership, and Conformity in Psychology

Question 1

In the context of group processes, who is primarily responsible for guiding, directing, and influencing the group's actions?

Accepted Answer

Leader

Answer

Co-leader

Answer

Facilitator

Answer

Designated spokesperson

Question 2

Which leadership style is characterized by a high degree of control, centralized decision-making, and limited input from group members?

Accepted Answer

Autocratic

Answer

Democratic

Answer

Laissez-faire

Answer

Transactional

Question 3

What is the process by which individuals adapt their behavior and beliefs to conform to the norms and expectations of a group?

Accepted Answer

Socialization

Answer

Assimilation

Answer

Acculturation

Answer

Accommodation

Question 4

In the context of group dynamics, what is the role of conflict?

Accepted Answer

Can be both constructive, facilitating growth, and destructive, hindering progress

Answer

Always leads to negative outcomes and should be minimized

Answer

Should be avoided at all costs to maintain group harmony

Answer

Is irrelevant to group processes and can be ignored

Question 5

The process by which individuals adopt the beliefs and behaviors of the group, even if they contradict their own personal beliefs, is known as:

Accepted Answer

Conformity

Answer

Compliance

Answer

Obedience

Answer

Groupthink

Question 6

Which leadership style emphasizes directive behavior and a focus on tasks rather than relationships?

Accepted Answer

Transactional leadership

Answer

Transformational leadership

Answer

Participative leadership

Answer

Laissez-faire leadership

Question 7

The tendency for group members to prioritize consensus over critical thinking and alternative perspectives is termed:

Accepted Answer

Groupthink

Answer

Group polarization

Answer

Social facilitation

Answer

Social loafing

Question 8

The theory that explains how individuals derive a sense of self through their group memberships is known as:

Accepted Answer

Henri Tajfel's Social Identity Theory

Answer

Kurt Lewin's Field Theory

Answer

Stanley Milgram's Social Influence Experiments

Answer

Leon Festinger's Cognitive Dissonance Theory

Question 9

The phenomenon in which individuals exert less effort in a group setting compared to when working individually is known as:

Accepted Answer

Social loafing

Answer

Social facilitation

Answer

Bystander effect

Answer

Halo effect

Question 10

The tendency for people to adjust their self-perceptions based on the norms and expectations of the group is known as:

Accepted Answer

Social comparison

Answer

Self-fulfilling prophecy

Answer

Social identity theory

Answer

Cognitive dissonance

Question 11

The phenomenon that describes how the presence of others can either improve or impair an individual's performance is known as:

Accepted Answer

Social facilitation

Answer

Diffusion of responsibility

Answer

Group cohesiveness

Answer

Hawthorne effect

Question 12

Conformity is best described as:

Accepted Answer

Modifying one's behavior to align with group standards

Answer

Resisting group pressure to maintain individuality

Answer

Assuming a leadership role within the group

Answer

Ignoring group expectations entirely

Question 13

Which leadership style is characterized by a collaborative approach to decision-making?

Accepted Answer

Democratic

Answer

Authoritarian

Answer

Laissez-faire

Answer

Transactional

Question 14

Groupthink refers to a phenomenon where:

Accepted Answer

Group members prioritize maintaining harmony over critical thinking

Answer

Group decisions are made efficiently and effectively

Answer

Group members actively challenge each other's ideas

Answer

Group productivity is significantly enhanced

Question 15

According to social identity theory:

Accepted Answer

Individuals' self-concept is influenced by their group memberships

Answer

Group membership has no impact on how individuals perceive themselves

Answer

Groups are formed solely based on shared goals

Answer

Leadership is the primary determinant of group cohesion

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of group decision-making?

Accepted Answer

Increased individual accountability

Answer

Increased diversity of perspectives

Answer

Improved creativity and innovation

Answer

Higher quality decisions

Question 17

The concept of 'group polarization' refers to:

Accepted Answer

A shift towards more extreme group decisions compared to individual decisions

Answer

A decrease in conflict and disagreement within the group

Answer

An increase in individual conformity and compliance

Answer

A reduction in the time it takes to make group decisions

Question 18

Which of the following is an example of a normative group influence?

Accepted Answer

Peer pressure to conform to group expectations

Answer

Expert advice based on knowledge and experience

Answer

Tangible rewards or punishments from the group

Answer

Fear of negative consequences for non-compliance

Question 19

The 'illusion of invulnerability' is a group phenomenon that can lead to:

Accepted Answer

Increased risk-taking and disregard for safety

Answer

Reduced group trust and cooperation

Answer

Enhanced problem-solving and decision-making

Answer

Improved communication and information sharing

Question 20

What is crucial for productive communication within groups?

Accepted Answer

Clarity

Accepted Answer

Feedback

Accepted Answer

Active listening

Answer

Interruptions

Question 21

Which factor is the primary contributor to social facilitation, where individuals perform better on tasks when surrounded by others?

Accepted Answer

Heightened arousal

Answer

Reduced fear of being judged

Answer

Increased tendency to compare oneself to others

Question 22

Effective leadership in group settings is characterized by:

Accepted Answer

Empowerment and clear communication

Answer

Dominance and suppression

Answer

Passive and avoidant behavior

Answer

Autocratic and rigid decision-making

Question 23

What type of group norm encourages members to conform to accepted societal standards?

Accepted Answer

Injunctive norm

Answer

Descriptive norm

Answer

Subjective norm

Answer

Personal norm

Question 24

A potential negative consequence of group polarization is:

Accepted Answer

Heightened conflict and division

Answer

Increased consensus and unity

Answer

Enhanced decision-making outcomes

Answer

Improved group morale

Question 25

The Delphi technique in group decision-making is primarily used to:

Accepted Answer

Facilitate anonymous and iterative input gathering

Answer

Promote face-to-face brainstorming sessions

Answer

Prevent groupthink and biases

Answer

Select the most popular ideas quickly

Question 26

What is the key difference between a primary group and a secondary group?

Accepted Answer

Primary groups focus on shared goals, while secondary groups emphasize intimate relationships.

Answer

Primary groups are short-lived, while secondary groups have long-term stability.

Answer

Secondary groups are smaller than primary groups.

Answer

Secondary groups have a stronger influence on individuals than primary groups.

Question 27

Which of the following is a characteristic of a group with high cohesion?

Accepted Answer

Shared values, goals, and supportive relationships

Answer

Low levels of trust and open communication

Answer

Lack of emotional connection among members

Answer

Frequent conflicts and disagreements

Question 28

What is the term for the tendency for individuals to exaggerate their own contributions to group outcomes?

Accepted Answer

Self-serving bias

Answer

Groupthink

Answer

Cognitive distortion

Answer

Social facilitation

Question 29

Which of the following is a potential benefit of diversity within groups?

Accepted Answer

Increased creativity, innovation, and problem-solving

Answer

Reduced conflicts and tensions

Answer

Enhanced groupthink and conformity

Answer

Diminished group cohesiveness and solidarity

Question 30

In general, how does the size of a group affect the efficiency and quality of its decision-making processes?

Accepted Answer

Smaller groups tend to make decisions more efficiently.

Answer

Larger groups tend to make more accurate decisions.

Answer

Group size has no significant impact on decision-making.

Question 31

What is the primary factor that strengthens the unity and cooperation within a group?

Accepted Answer

Shared goals

Answer

Group size

Answer

Leadership style

Answer

Individual personalities

Question 32

Which theory of group dynamics emphasizes the importance of task structure and member roles in determining group effectiveness?

Accepted Answer

Roles Theory

Answer

Social Identity Theory

Answer

Theory of Social Conflict

Question 33

Which of the following is NOT a primary factor that influences group decision-making?

Accepted Answer

Diversity of perspectives

Answer

Groupthink

Answer

Conformity

Answer

Leadership

Question 34

Which of the following characteristics is NOT associated with effective group leadership?

Accepted Answer

Dominating the discussion

Answer

Encouraging active participation

Answer

Providing constructive feedback

Answer

Setting clear goals

Question 35

Which of the following factors is a known contributor to intergroup conflict?

Accepted Answer

Perceived competition for limited resources

Answer

High degree of similarity among group members

Answer

Positive attitudes towards other groups

Answer

Shared goals between groups

Question 36

Which of the following is an example of the Ringelmann effect?

Accepted Answer

Reduced individual effort in group tasks as group size increases

Answer

Tendency to avoid responsibility when working in a group

Answer

Fear of being evaluated negatively by others

Answer

Increased performance anxiety when performing in front of an audience

Question 37

Which of the following characteristics is typically associated with a cohesive group?

Accepted Answer

High levels of trust and mutual respect

Answer

Frequent conflicts and disagreements

Answer

Ineffective and uninspiring leadership

Answer

Lack of open communication

Question 38

Which of the following is considered an effective characteristic of group leadership?

Accepted Answer

Active listening

Answer

Autocratic decision-making

Answer

Passive communication

Answer

Delegation of tasks

Question 39

Asch's Conformity Experiment primarily demonstrated the influence of:

Accepted Answer

Peer pressure

Answer

Cognitive dissonance

Answer

Groupthink

Answer

Social desirability bias

Question 40

The phenomenon in which individuals reduce their effort in a group setting is known as:

Accepted Answer

Social loafing

Answer

Bystander effect

Answer

Group polarization

Answer

Free riding

Question 41

Which benefit is associated with the use of technology in group communication?

Accepted Answer

Improved access and flexibility

Answer

Enhanced sense of intimacy

Answer

Elimination of nonverbal cues

Answer

Increased communication costs

Question 42

The process by which individuals develop positive bonds and feelings toward each other within a group is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

Group cohesion

Answer

Group dynamics

Answer

Social integration

Answer

Group identity

Question 43

Which of the following is NOT typically associated with effective group leadership?

Accepted Answer

Authoritarianism

Answer

Clear communication

Answer

Effective delegation

Question 44

The process in which group members work together to evaluate and reach an agreement on a solution is known as:

Accepted Answer

Group decision-making

Answer

Conformity

Answer

Leadership

Answer

Social facilitation

Question 45

Which of the following is a potential benefit of group brainstorming?

Accepted Answer

Increased generation of creative ideas

Answer

Minimized communication

Answer

Reduced time consumption

Answer

Enhanced individual accountability

Question 46

Groupthink occurs when:

Accepted Answer

Group members prioritize maintaining harmony over critical evaluation

Answer

Group members engage in polarized discussions

Answer

Group members focus on consensus rather than critical evaluation

Question 47

The process by which group members develop shared expectations and norms is called:

Accepted Answer

Group socialization

Answer

Groupthink

Answer

Group formation

Question 48

Which of the following is a potential consequence of social loafing in groups?

Accepted Answer

Reduced overall group productivity

Answer

Increased group cohesion

Answer

Improved decision-making

Answer

Enhanced individual motivation

Question 49

The tendency for group members to become more extreme in their views after discussing an issue is known as:

Accepted Answer

Group polarization

Answer

Groupthink

Answer

Social facilitation

Answer

Conformity

Question 50

A group of friends wants to decide on a weekend trip destination. Each person gets one vote to determine where they'll go. This exemplifies which group decision-making method?

Accepted Answer

Majority rule

Answer

Consensus

Answer

Authority rule

Answer

Minority rule

Question 51

A new employee joins a team and quickly conforms to their informal dress code and work habits. This demonstrates which group process?

Accepted Answer

Conformity

Answer

Social loafing

Answer

Groupthink

Answer

Social facilitation

Question 52

A group project stalls as students struggle to make a decision. Everyone has different ideas, leading to disagreement and an inability to choose a direction. What group dynamic might this group be experiencing?

Accepted Answer

Group conflict

Answer

Groupthink

Answer

Social facilitation

Answer

Social loafing

Question 53

A manager prioritizes efficiency, clearly defined tasks, and maintaining structure within their team. Which leadership style best reflects this approach?

Accepted Answer

Autocratic

Answer

Transformational

Answer

Laissez-faire

Answer

Democratic

Question 54

Driven by a passion for the subject and a desire for the project's success, a student volunteers to lead a group project. This best illustrates which type of motivation?

Accepted Answer

Intrinsic motivation

Answer

Social pressure

Answer

Normative influence

Answer

Extrinsic motivation

Question 55

In a group project, one friend contributes minimally, relying on others to carry the workload. This behavior is characteristic of:

Accepted Answer

Social loafing

Answer

Groupthink

Answer

Social facilitation

Answer

Minority influence

Question 56

Which of the following is NOT typically considered a characteristic of a cohesive group?

Accepted Answer

High levels of conflict

Answer

Common goals and objectives

Answer

Shared sense of identity

Answer

Strong interpersonal connections

Question 57

Under what condition is a group more likely to make riskier decisions?

Accepted Answer

Time pressure and urgency to decide

Answer

Presence of diverse opinions and perspectives

Answer

A leader who encourages critical analysis

Answer

Access to comprehensive information

Question 58

Which of the following is a potential benefit of effective group decision-making?

Accepted Answer

Enhanced creativity and innovation

Answer

Lower individual commitment

Answer

Reduced overall efficiency

Answer

Increased likelihood of risky choices

Question 59

A group of people attending a concert are more likely to engage in risky or impulsive behavior because they feel anonymous and less accountable for their actions. This phenomenon is known as:

Accepted Answer

Deindividuation

Answer

Groupthink

Answer

Social loafing

Answer

Social facilitation