Units and Measurement: Master the Fundamentals of Physics

Question 1

Which of the following is **not** a fundamental unit in the International System of Units (SI)?

Accepted Answer

Pound

Answer

Meter

Answer

Kilogram

Answer

Second

Question 2

Convert 250 milliliters to liters.

Accepted Answer

0.25 L

Answer

0.025 L

Answer

2.5 L

Answer

25 L

Question 3

What is the relative uncertainty of a measurement if the measured value is 25.0 cm and the uncertainty is 0.5 cm?

Accepted Answer

2%

Answer

0.02

Answer

0.05

Answer

5%

Question 4

Which of the following is a derived unit?

Accepted Answer

Newton

Answer

Meter

Answer

Kilogram

Answer

Second

Question 5

Convert 50 miles per hour to kilometers per hour.

Accepted Answer

64.4 km/h

Answer

32.2 km/h

Answer

80.5 km/h

Answer

100.0 km/h

Question 6

What is the SI unit of temperature?

Accepted Answer

Kelvin

Answer

Degree Celsius

Answer

Degree Fahrenheit

Answer

Rankine

Question 7

Which of the following prefixes represents 10^-9?

Accepted Answer

nano

Answer

micro

Answer

milli

Answer

centi

Question 8

Which of the following is **not** a base quantity in the International System of Units (SI)?

Accepted Answer

Temperature

Answer

Length

Answer

Mass

Answer

Time

Question 9

A student measures the length of a rod to be 15.2 centimeters. The uncertainty in the measurement is 0.1 centimeters. Express the measurement with uncertainty in the correct format.

Accepted Answer

15.2 ± 0.1 cm

Answer

15.2 cm (0.1 cm)

Answer

15.2, 0.1 cm

Answer

15,2 cm ± 0.1

Question 10

What is the SI unit for electric current?

Accepted Answer

Ampere

Answer

Volt

Answer

Ohm

Answer

Coulomb

Question 11

Which prefix in the International System of Units (SI) represents a multiplication factor of one million?

Accepted Answer

giga

Answer

micro

Answer

kilo

Answer

mega

Question 12

Identify which of the following is a vector quantity.

Accepted Answer

Speed

Answer

Temperature

Answer

Volume

Answer

Mass

Question 13

In scientific measurements, what is the fundamental difference between accuracy and precision?

Accepted Answer

Accuracy measures how close a measurement is to the true value, while precision indicates the consistency of repeated measurements.

Answer

Precision quantifies how closely a measurement aligns with the accepted or true value, whereas accuracy measures the consistency of repeated measurements.

Answer

Accuracy and precision are interchangeable terms in scientific measurements.

Answer

Precision is more important than accuracy in scientific measurements.

Question 14

Which of the following is not a fundamental unit in the International System of Units (SI)?

Accepted Answer

Pound

Answer

Meter

Answer

Second

Answer

Kelvin

Question 15

Identify the correct unit for volume in the SI system.

Accepted Answer

Cubic meter

Answer

Liter

Answer

Gallon

Answer

Ounce

Question 16

Which of the following is a vector quantity?

Accepted Answer

Acceleration

Answer

Distance

Answer

Speed

Answer

Mass

Question 17

The International System of Units (SI) unit of length is:

Accepted Answer

Meter

Answer

Kilometer

Answer

Centimeter

Answer

Inch

Question 18

The uncertainty in a physical measurement represents:

Accepted Answer

The range of possible values within which the true value lies

Answer

The difference between the true value and the measured value

Answer

The average deviation of the measured values from the mean

Answer

The standard deviation of the measured values

Question 19

The process of determining the uncertainty in a measurement is known as:

Accepted Answer

Error analysis

Answer

Uncertainty propagation

Answer

Error estimation

Answer

Standard deviation analysis

Question 20

Which of the following numbers has three significant figures?

Accepted Answer

0.250

Answer

0.0025

Answer

2500

Answer

2.5 x 10^3

Question 21

The speed of light in a vacuum is approximately:

Accepted Answer

3 x 10^8 m/s

Answer

10 m/s

Answer

10^12 m/s

Answer

3 x 10^-8 m/s

Question 22

In the International System of Units (SI), which unit is used as the standard for measuring length?

Accepted Answer

Meter

Answer

Foot

Answer

Pound

Answer

Second

Question 23

Which of the following is a derived unit in the International System of Units (SI)?

Accepted Answer

Newton

Answer

Meter

Answer

Kilogram

Answer

Second

Question 24

Which unit is NOT a fundamental unit in the International System of Units (SI)?

Accepted Answer

Pound

Answer

Meter

Answer

Kelvin

Answer

Second

Question 25

Which unit of length is part of the International System of Units (SI)?

Accepted Answer

Meter

Answer

Foot

Answer

Yard

Answer

Mile

Question 26

The International System of Units (SI) defines the standard unit of length as the:

Accepted Answer

meter

Answer

inch

Answer

centimeter

Answer

kilometer

Question 27

Which of the following is NOT a base quantity in the SI system?

Accepted Answer

Force

Answer

Mass

Answer

Time

Answer

Length

Question 28

Which instrument is used to measure mass in scientific experiments?

Accepted Answer

Balance

Answer

Ammeter

Answer

Thermometer

Answer

Ruler

Question 29

The conversion factor between miles and kilometers is:

Accepted Answer

1 mile ≈ 1.609 kilometers

Answer

1 kilometer ≈ 0.621 miles

Answer

1 kilometer ≈ 1.852 miles

Answer

1 mile ≈ 2.54 kilometers

Question 30

Which of the following physical quantities is a vector?

Accepted Answer

Velocity

Answer

Temperature

Answer

Mass

Answer

Density

Question 31

The SI unit of electric current is the:

Accepted Answer

ampere

Answer

coulomb

Answer

ohm

Answer

volt

Question 32

Which of the following is NOT a fundamental unit in the International System of Units (SI)?

Accepted Answer

Pound

Answer

Second

Answer

Meter

Question 33

Which of the following quantities is a scalar?

Accepted Answer

Temperature

Answer

Force

Answer

Velocity

Answer

Acceleration

Question 34

Which of the following quantities is dimensionless?

Accepted Answer

Angle

Answer

Mass

Answer

Time

Answer

Length

Question 35

The SI unit for electric current is:

Accepted Answer

Ampere

Answer

Volt

Answer

Ohm

Answer

Farad

Question 36

The uncertainty in a measurement can be reduced by:

Accepted Answer

Increasing the number of measurements

Answer

Estimating the measurement

Answer

Using a less precise instrument

Question 37

Which of the following is the SI unit of energy?

Accepted Answer

Joule

Answer

Calorie

Answer

Watt

Answer

Newton

Question 38

What is the SI base unit of length?

Accepted Answer

Meter

Answer

Second

Answer

Ampere

Answer

Kelvin

Question 39

Which of the following is a derived unit in the SI system?

Accepted Answer

Newton

Answer

Kelvin

Answer

Meter

Answer

Second

Question 40

Which of the following is NOT a commonly used unit of mass?

Accepted Answer

Pound-force

Answer

Kilogram

Answer

Gram

Answer

Ounce

Question 41

A person measures their height to be 1.75 meters. If they want to express this height in centimeters, what conversion factor should they use?

Accepted Answer

100

Answer

1000

Answer

10

Answer

0.01

Question 42

Which of the following is NOT a base unit in the International System of Units (SI)?

Accepted Answer

Hour

Answer

Kilogram

Answer

Meter

Answer

Second

Question 43

What is the SI unit for force?

Accepted Answer

Newton

Answer

Pascal

Answer

Watt

Answer

Joule

Question 44

Which of the following represents the correct dimensional formula for displacement?

Accepted Answer

[L]

Answer

[L][T]

Answer

[L]^2[T]^-1

Question 45

Which of the following instruments is used to measure the mass of an object?

Accepted Answer

Balance

Answer

Thermometer

Answer

Microscope

Answer

Stopwatch

Question 46

What is the SI unit for power?

Accepted Answer

Watt

Answer

Newton

Answer

Joule

Answer

Volt

Question 47

Which of the following is a systematic error in a measurement?

Accepted Answer

Error due to faulty calibration of measuring instrument

Answer

Human error

Answer

Random error

Answer

Environmental variations

Question 48

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a good hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

Untestable

Answer

Specific

Answer

Testable

Answer

Falsifiable

Question 49

What is the SI unit for electric current?

Accepted Answer

Ampere

Answer

Ohm

Answer

Volt

Answer

Coulomb

Question 50

A student measures the length of a table to be 1.5 meters. What is the length of the table in centimeters?

Accepted Answer

150 cm

Answer

15 cm

Answer

1500 cm

Answer

0.015 cm

Question 51

Which of the following is NOT a fundamental unit in the SI system?

Accepted Answer

Newton (N)

Answer

Kilogram (kg)

Answer

Meter (m)

Answer

Second (s)

Question 52

The speed of light in a vacuum is approximately 3 x 10^8 meters per second. What is this speed in kilometers per hour?

Accepted Answer

1.08 x 10^9 km/h

Answer

3 x 10^5 km/h

Answer

1.08 x 10^6 km/h

Answer

3 x 10^8 km/h

Question 53

The volume of a rectangular box is calculated by multiplying its length, width, and height. What are the units of volume in the SI system?

Accepted Answer

Cubic meters (m³)

Answer

Meters (m)

Answer

Square meters (m²)

Answer

Liters (L)

Question 54

A student measures the mass of an object to be 50 grams. The actual mass of the object is 48 grams. What is the percentage error in the student's measurement?

Accepted Answer

4.17%

Answer

10%

Answer

2%

Answer

0.42%

Question 55

The equation for the period of a simple pendulum is T = 2π√(L/g), where T is the period, L is the length of the pendulum, and g is the acceleration due to gravity. Using dimensional analysis, what are the units of the period, T?

Accepted Answer

Seconds (s)

Answer

Meters per second (m/s)

Answer

Meters (m)

Answer

Meters per second squared (m/s²)

Question 56

A student measures the diameter of a circle to be 10.0 cm. What is the circumference of the circle, calculated using the formula C = πd?

Accepted Answer

31.4 cm

Answer

10 cm

Answer

314 cm

Answer

100 cm

Question 57

Which of the following is an example of a derived unit?

Accepted Answer

Joule (J)

Answer

Meter (m)

Answer

Kilogram (kg)

Answer

Second (s)

Question 58

A scientist is studying the relationship between the temperature of a gas and its volume. Which of the following is the most appropriate unit for measuring the temperature of the gas?

Accepted Answer

Kelvin (K)

Answer

Rankine (°R)

Answer

Celsius (°C)

Answer

Fahrenheit (°F)

Question 59

What is the primary purpose of significant figures in scientific measurements?

Accepted Answer

To indicate the precision of the measurement.

Answer

To make the numbers easier to read.

Answer

To show the accuracy of the measurement.