Gas Mixtures: Partial Pressure, Dalton's Law, and Gas Chromatography

Question 1

According to Dalton's Law, what is the total pressure exerted by a gas mixture?

Accepted Answer

Sum of the partial pressures of the gases

Answer

Difference between the partial pressures of the gases

Answer

Ratio of the partial pressures of the gases

Answer

Product of the partial pressures of the gases

Question 2

Which of the following statements accurately defines partial pressure?

Accepted Answer

The pressure exerted by a specific gas in a mixture.

Answer

The total pressure of the gas mixture.

Answer

The pressure exerted by the most abundant gas in the mixture.

Answer

The pressure exerted by the least abundant gas in the mixture.

Question 3

According to Dalton's law, the total pressure of a gas mixture is equal to:

Accepted Answer

The sum of the partial pressures of its constituent gases.

Answer

The difference between the partial pressures of its constituent gases.

Answer

The product of the partial pressures of its constituent gases.

Answer

The average of the partial pressures of its constituent gases.

Question 4

Which of the following factors does NOT influence the partial pressure of a gas?

Accepted Answer

Volume of the container

Answer

Concentration of the gas

Answer

Temperature

Answer

Presence of other gases

Question 5

Gas chromatography primarily serves which purpose?

Accepted Answer

Separating and analyzing gas mixtures.

Answer

Measuring the molecular weight of individual gases.

Answer

Quantifying the concentration of gases in a mixture.

Answer

Identifying specific gases within a mixture.

Question 6

In gas chromatography, the carrier gas plays a crucial role. What is its primary function?

Accepted Answer

Transporting the sample through the column.

Answer

Separating the sample components.

Answer

Ionizing the sample components.

Answer

Detecting the sample components.

Question 7

Gas chromatography finds applications in a variety of fields. Which of the following is NOT a common application?

Accepted Answer

Nuclear physics

Answer

Environmental monitoring

Answer

Forensic science

Answer

Drug testing

Question 8

Reformulated Dalton's Law: According to Dalton's Law, what is the relationship between the total pressure of a gas mixture and the partial pressures of its components?

Accepted Answer

The total pressure equals the sum of the partial pressures.

Answer

The total pressure equals the difference in partial pressures.

Answer

The total pressure equals the product of the partial pressures.

Answer

The total pressure equals the average of the partial pressures.

Question 9

Revised Application of Gas Chromatography: Which of the following is NOT a common application of gas chromatography?

Accepted Answer

Measuring chemical reaction rates

Answer

Analyzing air sample composition

Answer

Determining drug purity

Answer

Separating components of a petroleum sample

Question 10

Specific Definition of Retention Time: In gas chromatography, what is the 'retention time' of a gas?

Accepted Answer

Time for the gas to emerge from the column

Answer

Time for the gas to traverse the column

Answer

Time for the gas to reach the detector

Answer

Time for the gas to separate from other gases in the mixture

Question 11

Revised Nonexistent Gas Chromatography Column: Which type of column is NOT used in gas chromatography?

Accepted Answer

Gel permeation column

Answer

Packed column

Answer

Capillary column

Answer

Thin-film column

Question 12

According to Dalton's law, the total pressure exerted by a gas mixture is equal to:

Accepted Answer

The sum of the partial pressures of each constituent gas

Answer

The difference between the partial pressures of the gases

Answer

The average of the partial pressures of the gases

Answer

The product of the partial pressures of the gases

Question 13

What is the primary purpose of gas chromatography?

Accepted Answer

To separate and analyze mixtures of gases

Answer

To measure the partial pressure of gases

Answer

To determine the molecular weight of gases

Answer

To detect the presence of specific gases

Question 14

Which of the following factors does NOT affect the partial pressure of a gas in a mixture?

Accepted Answer

Molar mass of the gas

Answer

Concentration of the gas

Answer

Temperature

Answer

Volume of the container

Question 15

A gas mixture contains nitrogen (N2) at a partial pressure of 200 kPa and oxygen (O2) at a partial pressure of 150 kPa. What is the total pressure of the gas mixture?

Accepted Answer

350 kPa

Answer

150 kPa

Answer

200 kPa

Answer

500 kPa

Question 16

What is the purpose of the stationary phase in gas chromatography?

Accepted Answer

To separate the gas molecules

Answer

To carry the gas molecules

Answer

To detect the gas molecules

Answer

To enhance the chemical reactivity of the gas molecules

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a limitation of gas chromatography?

Accepted Answer

Can analyze a wide range of compounds

Answer

Cannot analyze solids or liquids

Answer

Requires specialized equipment

Answer

Time-consuming and expensive

Question 18

When the volume of a gas mixture decreases at a constant temperature, what occurs to the partial pressure of each gas within the mixture?

Accepted Answer

Increases

Answer

Decreases

Answer

Stays the same

Answer

Cannot be determined without more information

Question 19

Which technique is most suitable for separating and identifying various volatile compounds present in an environmental sample?

Accepted Answer

Gas chromatography

Answer

Spectrophotometry

Answer

Titration

Question 20

Which of the following is the correct mathematical expression for Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures?

Accepted Answer

P_total = P_1 + P_2

Answer

P_total = P_A

Answer

P_total = P_1 * P_2

Answer

P_A = P_B / P_C

Question 21

Which of the following is NOT a fundamental principle of gas chromatography?

Accepted Answer

Chemical reactions between the gas sample and the stationary phase

Answer

Differential partitioning of components between the mobile and stationary phases

Answer

Separation based on differences in boiling points

Answer

Detection of separated components

Question 22

In a gas mixture, the mole fraction of a particular gas is defined as:

Accepted Answer

The ratio of the partial pressure of that gas to the total pressure

Answer

The ratio of the mass of the gas to the total mass

Answer

The ratio of the volume of the gas to the total volume

Answer

The ratio of the temperature of the gas to the total temperature

Question 23

Which of the following actions would increase the partial pressure of a gas in a mixture?

Accepted Answer

Both B and C

Answer

Increasing the temperature while keeping volume constant

Answer

Decreasing the volume of the gas while keeping temperature constant

Answer

Adding more gas of the same type to the mixture

Question 24

Gas chromatography columns are typically constructed from:

Accepted Answer

Any of the above

Answer

Glass or metal

Answer

Polymers or fused silica

Answer

Carbon or ceramic

Question 25

In gas chromatography, the stationary phase is usually:

Accepted Answer

A liquid or solid

Answer

A gas

Answer

A mixture of liquids and gases

Answer

A mixture of solids and liquids

Question 26

Which formula accurately calculates the partial pressure of a gas within a mixture?

Accepted Answer

Partial Pressure = (Total Pressure × Mole Fraction of Gas)

Answer

Partial Pressure = (Total Volume × Mole Fraction of Gas)

Answer

Partial Pressure = (Total Pressure ÷ Mole Fraction of Gas)

Answer

Partial Pressure = (Mole Fraction of Gas ÷ Total Volume)

Question 27

According to Dalton's Law, what is the relationship between the total pressure exerted by a non-reactive gas mixture and the partial pressures of its constituent gases?

Accepted Answer

Equal to the sum of the partial pressures

Answer

Greater than the sum of the partial pressures

Answer

Less than the sum of the partial pressures

Answer

Independent of the partial pressures

Question 28

Which factor does NOT influence the partial pressure of a gas in a mixture?

Accepted Answer

Molecular structure of the gas

Answer

Mole fraction of the gas

Answer

Total volume of the mixture

Answer

Temperature of the mixture

Question 29

What is the primary purpose of gas chromatography?

Accepted Answer

Separation and analysis of gas mixtures

Answer

Measurement of gas densities

Answer

Determination of gas molecular weights

Answer

Calculation of gas partial pressures

Question 30

Which of the following is NOT a detector type used in gas chromatography?

Accepted Answer

Spectrophotometer

Answer

Flame ionization detector

Answer

Thermal conductivity detector

Answer

Electron capture detector

Question 31

What principle underlies the separation of components in gas chromatography?

Accepted Answer

Differences in polarity

Answer

Differences in boiling points

Answer

Differences in molecular weights

Answer

Differences in solubility

Question 32

Which limitation is associated with gas chromatography?

Accepted Answer

Inability to separate gases with similar boiling points

Answer

Requirement for large sample sizes

Answer

Exclusive use for qualitative analysis

Answer

Exclusive use for quantitative analysis

Question 33

Which of the following is the correct definition of partial pressure?

Accepted Answer

The pressure exerted by an individual gas in a mixture

Answer

The total pressure exerted by all the gases in a mixture

Answer

The pressure exerted by the smallest gas particle in a mixture

Answer

The pressure exerted by the largest gas particle in a mixture

Question 34

According to Dalton's law, the total pressure of a gas mixture is:

Accepted Answer

Equal to the sum of the partial pressures of each gas

Answer

Equal to the difference of the partial pressures of each gas

Answer

Equal to the average of the partial pressures of each gas

Answer

Equal to the product of the partial pressures of each gas

Question 35

A gas mixture contains helium and nitrogen. The partial pressure of helium is 200 mmHg and the partial pressure of nitrogen is 300 mmHg. What is the total pressure of the mixture?

Accepted Answer

500 mmHg

Answer

100 mmHg

Answer

200 mmHg

Answer

300 mmHg

Question 36

Gas chromatography is a technique used to:

Accepted Answer

Separate and analyze gas mixtures

Answer

Measure the viscosity of gases

Answer

Determine the boiling point of gases

Answer

Calculate the density of gases

Question 37

In gas chromatography, the stationary phase is typically:

Accepted Answer

A solid or liquid

Answer

A gas or liquid

Answer

A solid or gas

Answer

A liquid or gas

Question 38

Which of the following is NOT a factor that affects the retention time of a gas in gas chromatography?

Accepted Answer

Volume of the gas sample

Answer

Polarity of the stationary phase

Answer

Temperature of the column

Answer

Flow rate of the carrier gas

Question 39

The main advantage of using a mass spectrometer as a detector in gas chromatography is its:

Accepted Answer

High selectivity

Answer

Low cost

Answer

Ease of use

Answer

Versatility

Question 40

According to Dalton's law of partial pressures, the partial pressure of a gas in a mixture is directly proportional to its:

Accepted Answer

Mole fraction

Answer

Mass fraction

Answer

Volume fraction

Answer

Temperature

Question 41

Which factor does NOT affect the rate of effusion of a gas?

Accepted Answer

Volume of the container

Answer

Temperature

Answer

Molecular mass

Answer

Pressure

Question 42

The average kinetic energy of gas molecules is directly proportional to:

Accepted Answer

Temperature

Answer

Molecular mass

Answer

Pressure

Answer

Volume

Question 43

Which of the following statements about gas mixtures is NOT correct?

Accepted Answer

The average kinetic energy of gas molecules is different for different gases at the same temperature.

Answer

The total pressure of a mixture is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of its components.

Answer

The mole fraction of a gas in a mixture is equal to its partial pressure divided by the total pressure.

Answer

The rate of effusion of a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of its molecular mass.

Question 44

According to Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures, what is the total pressure of a gas mixture equal to?

Accepted Answer

The sum of the partial pressures of each individual gas in the mixture.

Answer

The partial pressure of the gas with the highest molar mass.

Answer

The average of the partial pressures of each gas in the mixture.

Answer

The product of the partial pressures of each gas in the mixture.

Question 45

Which of the following is NOT a fundamental principle of gas chromatography?

Accepted Answer

The components of the mixture must have different densities.

Answer

A mobile phase carries the mixture through a stationary phase.

Answer

Different components elute from the column at different times.

Answer

Components separate based on their affinity for the stationary phase.

Question 46

In gas chromatography, what does the retention time of a component refer to?

Accepted Answer

The time it takes for the component to travel from the injection point to the detector.

Answer

The time it takes to heat the sample to the desired temperature.

Answer

The time required for the detector to identify the component.

Answer

The time it takes for the component to completely separate from other components.

Question 47

A deep-sea diving gas mixture contains helium (He), oxygen (O2), and nitrogen (N2). If the partial pressure of He is 5.0 atm, O2 is 1.0 atm, and the total pressure is 10.0 atm, what is the partial pressure of N2?

Accepted Answer

4.0 atm

Answer

6.0 atm

Answer

9.0 atm

Answer

5.0 atm

Question 48

Which of the following factors has the LEAST impact on the separation of components in gas chromatography?

Accepted Answer

The initial pressure of the carrier gas.

Answer

The type of stationary phase used in the column.

Answer

The temperature of the column.

Answer

The flow rate of the carrier gas.

Question 49

In a gas chromatogram, what does a peak represent?

Accepted Answer

The detection of a specific component of the mixture eluting from the column.

Answer

A change in the pressure of the gas mixture.

Answer

A change in the temperature of the column.

Answer

A fluctuation in the carrier gas flow rate.

Question 50

Which of the following is NOT a typical application of gas chromatography?

Accepted Answer

Determining the density of a pure gas.

Answer

Testing for the presence of drugs in a blood sample.

Answer

Identifying volatile compounds in food products.

Answer

Analyzing the composition of air pollutants.