Medication Administration and Monitoring: A Comprehensive Guide for Nurses

Question 1

Which of the following routes of medication administration is the most commonly used for long-term therapy?

Accepted Answer

Oral

Answer

Intravenous

Answer

Intramuscular

Answer

Subcutaneous

Question 2

Which of the following is a potential adverse effect of administering penicillin?

Accepted Answer

Hives

Answer

Jaundice

Answer

Kidney failure

Answer

Nerve damage

Question 3

When administering an intramuscular injection, the preferred injection site is the:

Accepted Answer

Vastus lateralis

Answer

Dorsogluteal

Answer

Ventrogluteal

Answer

Deltoid

Question 4

Which factor does NOT influence drug absorption?

Accepted Answer

Gender of the patient

Answer

Route of administration

Answer

Blood flow to the absorption site

Answer

Health status of the patient

Question 5

Which of the following medications is classified as an opioid analgesic?

Accepted Answer

Morphine

Answer

Ibuprofen

Answer

Acetaminophen

Answer

Aspirin

Question 6

Which adverse effects are associated with morphine administration?

Accepted Answer

Respiratory depression

Accepted Answer

Nausea and vomiting

Accepted Answer

Constipation

Answer

Tachycardia

Question 7

Which route of medication administration results in the quickest onset of action?

Accepted Answer

Intravenous administration

Answer

Intramuscular administration

Answer

Subcutaneous administration

Answer

Oral administration

Question 8

At what temperature should a medication requiring refrigeration be stored?

Accepted Answer

2-8 degrees Celsius

Answer

15-25 degrees Celsius

Answer

30-40 degrees Celsius

Answer

45-55 degrees Celsius

Question 9

In intramuscular injection administration, which site is generally preferred due to its ample muscle mass and fewer nerves and blood vessels?

Accepted Answer

Ventrogluteal site

Answer

Dorsogluteal site

Answer

Vastus lateralis

Answer

Deltoid muscle

Question 10

For the administration of antibiotics, which route of administration ensures rapid and predictable drug delivery?

Accepted Answer

Intravenous

Answer

Intramuscular

Answer

Subcutaneous

Answer

Oral

Question 11

If a patient develops a rash and itching after receiving a medication, what is the nurse's immediate priority?

Accepted Answer

Stop the medication and notify the physician

Answer

Administer an antihistamine

Answer

Apply a cool compress to the rash

Answer

Document the reaction

Question 12

In subcutaneous injection administration, which needle gauge is commonly used to ensure adequate drug delivery and minimize patient discomfort?

Accepted Answer

27 gauge

Answer

25 gauge

Answer

29 gauge

Answer

31 gauge

Question 13

Which of the following is not a direct responsibility of a nurse in medication administration?

Accepted Answer

Prescribing medications

Answer

Assessing patient allergies

Answer

Monitoring for adverse effects

Answer

Educating patients about medications

Question 14

A patient has difficulty swallowing tablets. For a prescribed medication available in both tablet and liquid form, which form is most suitable for this patient?

Accepted Answer

Liquid

Answer

Tablet

Answer

Injection

Answer

Suppository

Question 15

A patient receiving chemotherapy experiences nausea and vomiting. Which of the following nursing interventions is most appropriate to manage this adverse effect?

Accepted Answer

Administer an antiemetic as ordered.

Answer

Withhold the chemotherapy until the nausea and vomiting subside.

Answer

Increase the patient's fluid intake.

Answer

Administer a laxative to prevent constipation.

Question 16

Which medication administration route leads to the quickest systemic absorption?

Accepted Answer

Intravenous

Answer

Oral

Answer

Intramuscular

Answer

Subcutaneous

Question 17

Which adverse effect is commonly associated with intravenous antibiotic administration?

Accepted Answer

Phlebitis

Answer

Hypotension

Answer

Nausea

Answer

Constipation

Question 18

Which statement about medication reconciliation is accurate?

Accepted Answer

Ensures accurate and up-to-date patient medication information.

Answer

Only required upon hospital admission.

Answer

Excludes review of patient's external medication history.

Answer

Solely the responsibility of nursing staff.

Question 19

What is the primary reason for using aseptic technique in medication preparation and administration?

Accepted Answer

To minimize infection risk

Answer

To ensure accurate dosage

Answer

To reduce patient anxiety

Answer

To comply with hospital regulations

Question 20

What should a nurse do upon discovering an error in medication administration?

Accepted Answer

Report the error to the prescriber and document in the patient's chart

Answer

Correct the error without documentation

Answer

Ignore the error if it's minor

Answer

Wait for the patient's family to report the error

Question 21

To minimize legal and ethical consequences, what is the most critical action for nurses to take when a medication error occurs?

Accepted Answer

Report the error promptly

Answer

Document the error thoroughly

Answer

Apologize to the patient and family

Answer

Give the missed dose right away

Question 22

Which communication technique is most effective for educating patients about medication management?

Accepted Answer

Using the teach-back method

Answer

Using only medical terminology

Answer

Providing only written instructions

Answer

Avoiding eye contact during communication

Question 23

In the medication administration process, what action should be taken first?

Accepted Answer

Assess the patient

Answer

Prepare the medication

Answer

Document medication administration

Question 24

When calculating the dosage of a medication, which factor should NOT be considered?

Accepted Answer

Time of administration

Answer

Renal function

Answer

Body weight

Answer

Age

Question 25

Constipation is a common adverse effect of which class of medications?

Accepted Answer

Opioids

Answer

Antibiotics

Answer

Antihypertensives

Question 26

What is the initial and most crucial step in the medication administration process?

Accepted Answer

Patient identification

Answer

Medication administration

Answer

Dose calculation

Answer

Medication preparation

Question 27

Which legal requirement ensures the accuracy of medication administration?

Accepted Answer

Two-nurse verification

Answer

Patient consent

Answer

Witness signature

Answer

Verbal order

Question 28

What is the primary reason for monitoring blood pressure before and after administering antihypertensive medications?

Accepted Answer

To evaluate the medication's effectiveness

Answer

To prevent overdosing

Answer

To alleviate patient anxiety

Answer

To detect adverse reactions

Question 29

Which route of medication administration is appropriate for administering small volumes of medication?

Accepted Answer

Subcutaneous

Answer

Intramuscular

Answer

Intravenous

Answer

Oral

Question 30

What should be the goal for medication errors in a medication administration system?

Accepted Answer

Zero

Answer

Less than 5%

Answer

Less than 10%

Answer

Less than 15%

Question 31

Which of the following is a key responsibility of nurses in medication administration?

Accepted Answer

Patient education

Answer

Dispensing medications

Answer

Ordering laboratory tests

Answer

Prescribing medications

Question 32

In the event of a medication error, what immediate action should be taken?

Accepted Answer

Report the error promptly

Answer

Document the error in the patient's record

Answer

Administer the medication as prescribed

Answer

Contact the healthcare provider

Question 33

Which of the following is NOT a recognized route of medication administration?

Accepted Answer

Intercranial

Answer

Intravenous

Answer

Subcutaneous

Answer

Oral

Question 34

Which of the following is a high-alert medication based on the Institute for Safe Medication Practices (ISMP) list?

Accepted Answer

Heparin

Answer

Aspirin

Answer

Acetaminophen

Answer

Ibuprofen

Question 35

What is the initial step in calculating a medication dosage based on body weight?

Accepted Answer

Convert the patient's weight from pounds to kilograms.

Answer

Determine the medication's half-life.

Answer

Check the patient's medication history.

Answer

Calculate the patient's body surface area.

Question 36

Which of the following is a primary indicator of medication effectiveness?

Accepted Answer

Improvement in patient symptoms or condition

Answer

Nurse's intuition

Answer

Patient satisfaction

Answer

Absence of side effects

Question 37

What is the key difference between a generic and a brand-name medication?

Accepted Answer

Generic medications contain the same active ingredients as brand-name medications but may differ in inactive ingredients and appearance.

Answer

Generic medications are always cheaper than brand-name medications.

Answer

Generic medications are not as effective as brand-name medications.

Question 38

Which of the following is a common adverse effect associated with opioid use?

Accepted Answer

Constipation

Answer

Insomnia

Answer

Tachycardia

Answer

Hypertension

Question 39

Identify the most common error in medication administration that can lead to patient harm.

Accepted Answer

Incorrect patient identification

Answer

Administering the medication via the wrong route

Answer

Mixing medications in the same syringe

Answer

Using the wrong dose

Question 40

What is the appropriate nursing action when a patient refuses to take a prescribed medication?

Accepted Answer

Document the refusal, notify the healthcare provider, and offer to discuss the patient's concerns.

Answer

Attempt to convince the patient to take the medication.

Answer

Administer the medication without the patient's consent.

Question 41

What is the primary responsibility of a pharmacist in the medication administration process?

Accepted Answer

To review medication orders, dispense medications, provide drug information, and monitor for potential drug interactions and adverse effects.

Answer

To administer medications to patients

Answer

To monitor patients for adverse drug reactions

Question 42

A medication is standardized to a specific weight.  Which formula is used to calculate a patient's dosage based on this standard weight?

Accepted Answer

(Dose ordered × Patient weight) /  Medication standard weight

Answer

(Patient weight × Dose ordered) / Medication standard weight

Answer

(Dose ordered × Medication standard weight) /  Patient weight

Question 43

Which route of administration results in the fastest medication absorption rate?

Accepted Answer

Intravenous

Answer

Oral

Answer

Intramuscular

Answer

Subcutaneous

Question 44

What is the nurse's primary responsibility when monitoring a patient's response to medication?

Accepted Answer

Observe and report any adverse effects

Answer

Educate the patient about potential drug interactions

Answer

Verify the patient understands medication instructions

Answer

Ensure the patient takes the correct dose

Question 45

What is the primary purpose of the "Five Rights" of medication administration?

Accepted Answer

To ensure safe and accurate medication administration

Answer

To standardize medication administration training for new nurses

Answer

To provide a framework for documenting medication errors

Answer

To guide patients in understanding their medication regimen

Question 46

Which strategy is MOST effective for educating patients about managing their medications?

Accepted Answer

Providing clear, written instructions and verifying patient comprehension

Answer

Avoiding questions about the patient's understanding to prevent confusion

Answer

Administering medications without explanation to save time

Answer

Using medical jargon to emphasize the importance of the medication

Question 47

What is the legal responsibility of a nurse regarding medication administration?

Accepted Answer

To accurately follow prescriber's orders and ensure safe administration

Answer

To administer medications even if the order seems incorrect

Answer

To prioritize patient comfort over strict adherence to medication schedules

Answer

To independently adjust medication dosages based on patient observation

Question 48

Which route of medication administration provides the fastest absorption rate?

Accepted Answer

Intravenous (IV)

Answer

Oral

Answer

Intramuscular (IM)

Answer

Subcutaneous (SC)

Question 49

A patient is prescribed 10 mg of a pain medication. The available solution is 50 mg/mL. How many milliliters (mL) of the solution should you administer?

Accepted Answer

0.2 mL

Answer

1 mL

Answer

5 mL

Answer

0.5 mL

Question 50

Which of the following is a core responsibility of the nurse when administering medications?

Accepted Answer

Ensuring the patient understands the medication's purpose and potential side effects

Answer

Transcribing the medication order

Answer

Ordering the medication

Answer

Preparing the medication in advance

Question 51

A medication requiring refrigeration is removed from the refrigerator. What is the maximum time it can remain unrefrigerated before it needs to be discarded?

Accepted Answer

30 minutes

Answer

4 hours

Answer

2 hours

Answer

1 hour

Question 52

Which of the following conditions would be a contraindication for administering a medication subcutaneously?

Accepted Answer

Severe edema at the injection site

Answer

Age

Answer

Obesity

Answer

Thin skin

Question 53

What is a common side effect associated with opioid medications?

Accepted Answer

Constipation

Answer

Diarrhea

Answer

Insomnia

Answer

Nausea

Question 54

A patient is receiving a medication known to cause drowsiness. What is a crucial nursing intervention to prioritize?

Accepted Answer

Closely monitor the patient for signs of excessive sedation or impaired alertness

Answer

Administer the medication with a full meal

Answer

Encourage the patient to ambulate frequently

Answer

Provide the patient with a caffeine beverage