Cloud-Native Application Development: A Comprehensive Guide for Students

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a common characteristic of cloud-native applications?

Accepted Answer

Legacy monolithic design

Answer

Microservices architecture

Answer

Stateless design

Answer

Containerization

Question 2

What is the primary function of Kubernetes in cloud-native development?

Accepted Answer

Automates container management and orchestration

Answer

Provides a runtime environment for serverless applications

Answer

Facilitates data storage and retrieval

Answer

Manages network connectivity between cloud services

Question 3

Explain the concept of 'serverless computing' in the context of cloud-native development.

Accepted Answer

Applications run on managed infrastructure without managing servers

Answer

Applications are deployed to dedicated virtual machines

Answer

Applications are developed solely using serverless functions

Answer

Applications are hosted on physical servers owned by the organization

Question 4

Which of the following is a defining characteristic of cloud-native applications?

Accepted Answer

Built using microservices and deployed using cloud-native tools

Answer

Designed to run on a single server

Answer

Deployed using traditional methods

Answer

Not scalable

Question 5

In cloud-native development, how do microservices contribute to modularity and flexibility?

Accepted Answer

Microservices allow developers to break down complex applications into smaller, independent units, promoting modularity and code reuse.

Answer

Microservices enforce a rigid service-oriented architecture, limiting flexibility and hindering communication between services.

Answer

Microservices introduce unnecessary complexity and overhead, reducing the overall efficiency of cloud-native applications.

Answer

Microservices have no impact on modularity or flexibility in cloud-native development.

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a key benefit of cloud-native application development?

Accepted Answer

Increased vendor lock-in

Answer

Increased agility and flexibility

Answer

Reduced infrastructure costs

Answer

Improved security

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a key benefit of cloud-native application development?

Accepted Answer

Vendor lock-in

Answer

Increased scalability and elasticity

Answer

Reduced development time and cost

Answer

Improved security and compliance

Question 8

Which of these cloud-native applications best demonstrates the use of microservices and containers in its architecture?

Accepted Answer

Spotify's music streaming service

Answer

Microsoft's Windows operating system

Answer

Oracle's Java Virtual Machine

Question 9

In cloud-native application development, observability primarily serves which purpose?

Accepted Answer

Providing real-time insights into application behavior and performance

Answer

Assisting in debugging by collecting logs

Answer

Being essential only for large-scale cloud-native applications

Answer

Eliminating the need for manual troubleshooting

Question 10

What is a defining characteristic of a cloud-native application?

Accepted Answer

Tailored for the cloud environment

Answer

Deployed in virtual machines

Answer

Uses a monolithic architecture

Answer

Exclusively uses open-source technologies

Question 11

Which of the following is a characteristic that is NOT associated with cloud-native development?

Accepted Answer

Legacy architecture

Answer

Modularity

Answer

Scalability

Answer

Resiliency

Question 12

Define a container.

Accepted Answer

An isolated, lightweight environment running an application

Answer

A virtual machine with a dedicated operating system

Answer

A serverless computing model eliminating infrastructure management

Answer

A distributed database storing data across multiple servers

Question 13

What is a microservice?

Accepted Answer

An application's small, independent, and loosely coupled component

Answer

A monolithic application running on a single server

Answer

A distributed system scaling horizontally across multiple servers

Answer

A virtualized environment providing isolation and resource management

Question 14

Which of the following is **NOT** a benefit of cloud-native application development?

Accepted Answer

Increased maintenance costs

Answer

Lower development costs

Answer

Improved agility

Answer

Increased scalability

Question 15

Which of the following is a key principle of cloud-native application development?

Accepted Answer

Adherence to the Twelve-Factor App methodology

Answer

Waterfall development

Answer

Agile development

Answer

Object-oriented programming

Question 16

Which of the following is a common tool used for container orchestration in cloud-native applications?

Accepted Answer

Kubernetes

Answer

Terraform

Answer

Ansible

Answer

Docker

Question 17

Which of the following is a best practice for designing cloud-native applications?

Accepted Answer

Utilizing a microservices architecture

Answer

Prioritizing maximum performance

Answer

Avoiding the use of cloud-specific APIs

Answer

Designing a single monolithic application

Question 18

What is a key advantage of developing applications in a cloud-native environment?

Accepted Answer

Enhanced scalability and elasticity

Answer

Reduced hardware costs

Answer

Guaranteed performance

Question 19

Define a Docker container.

Accepted Answer

A lightweight, isolated environment that encapsulates an application and its dependencies

Answer

A serverless computing platform that requires no infrastructure management

Answer

A virtual machine that runs in a dedicated environment

Question 20

Which principle is central to the microservices architecture?

Accepted Answer

Loosely coupled, independently deployable components

Answer

Centralized data storage and processing

Answer

Event-driven communication with no dependency on external services

Answer

Monolithic application design with tightly integrated components

Question 21

What is the primary purpose of a Kubernetes cluster?

Accepted Answer

Orchestrating and managing containerized applications

Answer

Enhancing security through network firewalls and intrusion detection

Answer

Providing object storage for large data volumes

Question 22

What is a common challenge in cloud-native application development?

Accepted Answer

Ensuring compatibility and managing dependencies between components

Answer

High operational costs

Answer

Limited vendor lock-in options

Question 23

Explain the difference between immutable and mutable infrastructure in cloud-native environments.

Accepted Answer

Immutable infrastructure is rarely modified, while mutable infrastructure undergoes frequent changes

Answer

Immutable infrastructure is more scalable, while mutable infrastructure offers higher performance

Answer

Immutable infrastructure is stored on virtual machines, while mutable infrastructure is stored in containers

Question 24

Which tool is commonly used for continuous integration in cloud-native development?

Accepted Answer

Jenkins or GitLab

Answer

Terraform

Answer

Amazon CloudWatch

Answer

Kubernetes Dashboard

Question 25

What is an advantage of using serverless computing in cloud-native applications?

Accepted Answer

Provisioning scalable compute resources on demand without managing servers

Answer

Enhancing application security through built-in encryption

Answer

Offering fully managed database services with automatic backups

Question 26

Which practice is considered a best approach for deploying cloud-native applications?

Accepted Answer

Utilizing a GitOps approach for both infrastructure and application management

Answer

Manually configuring all aspects of the deployment process

Answer

Relying solely on cloud vendor-specific tools for deployment

Question 27

What is the main role of API gateways in cloud-native architectures?

Accepted Answer

Providing a centralized entry point for managing and securing API traffic

Answer

Allowing unrestricted access to application endpoints

Answer

Enforcing user authentication and authorization for API access

Question 28

Which fundamental characteristic is essential for cloud-native applications?

Accepted Answer

Designed for scalability and elasticity in cloud environments

Answer

Limited to a specific cloud provider's infrastructure

Answer

Requiring specialized hardware for operation

Answer

Optimized solely for on-premises deployment

Question 29

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of utilizing containers in cloud-native development?

Accepted Answer

Improved application performance

Answer

Reduced deployment timeframe

Answer

Enhanced security isolation

Answer

Increased portability across environments

Question 30

Which tool is commonly employed for managing container deployments within Kubernetes?

Accepted Answer

kubectl

Answer

Terraform

Answer

Vagrant

Answer

Docker Compose

Question 31

Which strategy is effective for implementing monitoring and observability in cloud-native applications?

Accepted Answer

Centralized log aggregation and in-depth analysis

Answer

Manual monitoring of individual servers

Answer

Sole reliance on user feedback and surveys

Answer

Regular code audits without automated monitoring

Question 32

Which challenge is commonly encountered when managing cloud-native applications?

Accepted Answer

Complexity and potential drift in configurations

Answer

Limited scalability options

Answer

Vendor lock-in to a single cloud provider

Answer

Excessively high infrastructure costs

Question 33

Which best practice is essential for securing cloud-native applications?

Accepted Answer

Implementing role-based access control (RBAC)

Answer

Disabling firewalls for increased accessibility

Answer

Storing sensitive data in shared secrets

Question 34

Which DevOps practice is crucial in cloud-native development?

Accepted Answer

Continuous integration and continuous delivery (CI/CD)

Answer

Weekly code reviews without automated deployment

Answer

Monthly software releases with no automated testing

Answer

Ad-hoc bug fixes without version control

Question 35

Which major cloud provider offers a comprehensive suite of cloud-native services?

Accepted Answer

Amazon Web Services (AWS)

Answer

Microsoft SQL Server, a relational database management system

Answer

IBM Watson, primarily focused on AI and cognitive computing

Answer

Oracle Database, a relational database management system

Question 36

Which emerging trend is gaining traction in cloud-native development?

Accepted Answer

Serverless computing, allowing for on-demand resource allocation

Answer

Legacy system migration to cloud environments

Answer

Manual infrastructure provisioning without automation

Answer

On-premises data storage for improved security

Question 37

Identify the primary advantage of developing cloud-native applications:

Accepted Answer

Accelerated time-to-market and increased agility

Answer

Reduced development costs compared to traditional methods

Answer

Guaranteed high availability

Answer

Enhanced security measures

Question 38

Which principle is fundamental to cloud-native development?

Accepted Answer

Utilizing loosely coupled, independently deployable microservices

Answer

Employing statically typed programming languages

Answer

Prioritizing code reusability

Question 39

In cloud-native application development, which tool is commonly used for container orchestration?

Accepted Answer

Kubernetes

Answer

Terraform

Answer

Ansible

Answer

Docker

Question 40

Identify a significant challenge encountered in the development and management of cloud-native applications:

Accepted Answer

Ensuring reliability and fault tolerance

Answer

Acquiring skilled developers

Answer

Migrating legacy systems to the cloud environment

Answer

Managing software licensing costs

Question 41

Which practice is recommended for monitoring the health of cloud-native applications?

Accepted Answer

Utilizing distributed tracing and observability tools

Answer

Manual examination of system metrics

Answer

Sole reliance on application logs

Answer

Disabling monitoring to enhance performance

Question 42

In the context of cloud-native application development, what is the primary role of DevOps?

Accepted Answer

Facilitating collaboration between development and operations teams

Answer

Managing infrastructure exclusively

Answer

Performing unit testing

Question 43

Which of the following is considered an anti-pattern in cloud-native development?

Accepted Answer

Designing monolithic applications

Answer

Implementing a service mesh

Answer

Adopting immutable infrastructure

Answer

Automating deployments

Question 44

What is the primary objective of continuous integration and continuous delivery (CI/CD) in the context of cloud-native application development?

Accepted Answer

Automating the software delivery pipeline

Answer

Preventing security vulnerabilities

Answer

Reducing software development expenses

Answer

Improving code quality

Question 45

What is a key advantage of building applications specifically for cloud environments (cloud-native development)?

Accepted Answer

Scalability and elasticity, allowing applications to adjust to changing demands.

Answer

Enhanced security through built-in cloud security features.

Answer

Reduced costs compared to traditional development.

Question 46

Which of the following presents a challenge for developers working on cloud-native applications?

Accepted Answer

Maintaining data consistency across multiple, interconnected services.

Answer

Lack of suitable tools for cloud-native development.

Answer

High dependence on a specific cloud provider (vendor lock-in).

Answer

Security concerns related to cloud infrastructure.

Question 47

Which of these is commonly used for building and deploying applications designed for the cloud?

Accepted Answer

Docker, a containerization platform.

Answer

Terraform, an infrastructure-as-code tool.

Answer

Kubernetes, a container orchestration system.

Question 48

What is a crucial aspect to consider when designing applications for the cloud?

Accepted Answer

Fault tolerance, ensuring the application can handle failures without significant disruption.

Answer

Monitoring application performance for potential issues.

Answer

Protecting data through appropriate security measures.

Answer

Optimizing costs by minimizing resource consumption.

Question 49

Which of the following describes a common architectural pattern for cloud-native applications?

Accepted Answer

Microservices, breaking down an application into smaller, independent services.

Answer

Serverless, where code runs without managing servers.

Answer

Containerization, packaging applications and their dependencies into containers.

Answer

Monolith, a single, large application with tightly coupled components.

Question 50

What is a primary benefit of using a container orchestration tool like Kubernetes?

Accepted Answer

Automating the deployment and management of containerized applications.

Answer

Improving security by isolating containers from each other.

Answer

Reducing costs through efficient resource utilization.

Question 51

What development and testing practice is highly recommended for cloud-native applications?

Accepted Answer

Continuous integration and continuous delivery (CI/CD) for automated builds and deployments.

Answer

Manual deployment with human intervention in each step.

Answer

Ad hoc testing without a structured process.

Question 52

What is a key difference between traditional application development and cloud-native application development?

Accepted Answer

Cloud-native applications are built to be inherently distributed and scalable.

Answer

Cloud-native applications require dedicated infrastructure, unlike traditional ones.

Answer

Cloud-native development is always more expensive than traditional development.

Question 53

What is a potential drawback of adopting cloud-native technologies?

Accepted Answer

Increased complexity due to the distributed nature of cloud-native applications.

Answer

Lower performance due to the overhead of cloud services.

Answer

Reduced flexibility in deployment options.

Answer

Higher development costs compared to traditional methods.

Question 54

Which of these is a prominent trend shaping the landscape of cloud-native application development?

Accepted Answer

Serverless computing, where developers focus on code without server management.

Answer

Monolithic architectures, which are being replaced by more modular approaches.

Answer

Manual deployment, contrasting with automation in cloud-native development.

Answer

Infrequent software updates, which is not a cloud-native trend.