Network Models and Standards: A Comprehensive Guide for Data Science Students

Question 1

Which standard defines the rules and procedures for transmitting data packets over a network?

Accepted Answer

IP

Answer

TCP

Answer

UDP

Answer

Ethernet

Question 2

What is the primary function of a subnet mask?

Accepted Answer

To determine the network portion of an IP address

Answer

To specify the default gateway for a network

Answer

To translate IP addresses into MAC addresses

Answer

To encrypt network traffic

Question 3

What is the process of dividing a network into smaller, manageable subnetworks called?

Accepted Answer

Subnetting

Answer

Bridging

Answer

Routing

Answer

Segmentation

Question 4

Which protocol is commonly used for secure remote login and command execution over a network?

Accepted Answer

SSH

Answer

Telnet

Answer

HTTP

Answer

FTP

Question 5

What is the primary purpose of a firewall in a network security context?

Accepted Answer

To prevent unauthorized access to and from a network

Answer

To detect and block malicious software

Answer

To optimize network performance

Answer

To provide remote access to network resources

Question 6

Which layer of the OSI model is responsible for ensuring reliable data delivery by acknowledging received data and retransmitting lost data?

Accepted Answer

Transport Layer

Answer

Network Layer

Answer

Application Layer

Answer

Data Link Layer

Question 7

What is the primary purpose of the TCP/IP model?

Accepted Answer

To establish a standardized framework for connecting and communicating across different networks

Answer

To define the physical and logical specifications for network hardware

Answer

To manage and route network traffic

Answer

To provide secure communication channels

Question 8

Which IEEE 802 standard defines the specifications for wireless LAN (WLAN) networks?

Accepted Answer

802.11

Answer

802.3

Answer

802.15

Answer

802.16

Question 9

Which network performance metric measures the variability in the delay of data packets traveling across a network?

Accepted Answer

Jitter

Answer

Throughput

Answer

Latency

Answer

Packet Loss

Question 10

Which of the following is a distinctive characteristic of a wide area network (WAN)?

Accepted Answer

Employs leased lines or satellite connections

Answer

Limited geographic scope

Answer

Utilized within a single building or campus

Answer

Typically has lower data transfer rates

Question 11

What is the primary function of a MAC (Media Access Control) address in network communication?

Accepted Answer

Uniquely identifies a particular device connected to a network

Answer

Determines the network protocol to be used for communication

Answer

Encrypts data transmissions to ensure confidentiality

Answer

Configures network settings and parameters

Question 12

Which of the following best describes a network topology?

Accepted Answer

The physical or logical arrangement of devices and connections in a network

Answer

The protocols and standards used for communication on a network

Answer

The software applications and services running on a network

Answer

The security measures implemented to protect a network

Question 13

What is the main purpose of a network gateway?

Accepted Answer

To connect networks that use different communication protocols

Answer

To filter and monitor network traffic for security purposes

Answer

To store and forward data packets across a network

Answer

To balance the load of network traffic and optimize performance

Question 14

In the OSI model, which layer provides a standardized interface between the network and transport layers, enabling communication between different network protocols?

Accepted Answer

Network layer

Answer

Physical layer

Answer

Data link layer

Answer

Transport layer

Question 15

Which IEEE 802 standard defines the specifications for Ethernet networks operating in a wired LAN environment?

Accepted Answer

802.3

Answer

802.1

Answer

802.11

Answer

802.15

Question 16

Which metric is NOT commonly used to evaluate the performance of a network?

Accepted Answer

Resolution

Answer

Throughput

Answer

Latency

Answer

Packet loss

Question 17

Which layer of the TCP/IP model is responsible for encapsulating data into segments and adding header information for transport?

Accepted Answer

Transport layer

Answer

Network interface layer

Answer

Internet layer

Answer

Application layer

Question 18

Which wireless networking standard operates in the 2.4 GHz frequency band and is known for its low cost and wide-range capabilities?

Accepted Answer

Wi-Fi 4

Answer

Wi-Fi 5

Answer

Wi-Fi 6

Answer

Wi-Fi 6E

Question 19

Which protocol is primarily responsible for routing traffic across the Internet based on IP addresses?

Accepted Answer

IP

Answer

TCP

Answer

HTTP

Answer

DNS

Question 20

Which sublayer of the data link layer is responsible for controlling access to the network medium and providing error-checking mechanisms?

Accepted Answer

Media Access Control (MAC)

Answer

Logical Link Control (LLC)

Answer

Physical Medium Dependent (PMD)

Answer

Redundancy Link Control (RLC)

Question 21

In a star network topology, how are devices connected to the network?

Accepted Answer

All devices are connected to a central hub or switch.

Answer

All devices are connected directly to each other.

Answer

Devices are connected in a linear fashion, with each device connected to two others.

Answer

Devices are connected in a ring, with each device connected to two others.

Question 22

Which routing protocol is primarily designed for use in large-scale networks with multiple autonomous systems?

Accepted Answer

BGP

Answer

RIP

Answer

OSPF

Answer

EIGRP

Question 23

Which network security measure involves converting data into a form that cannot be easily understood without the proper key?

Accepted Answer

Encryption

Answer

Firewall

Answer

Intrusion detection system

Answer

Virtual private network

Question 24

Which layer of the OSI model is responsible for routing and providing logical network addresses?

Accepted Answer

Network Layer

Answer

Transport Layer

Answer

Application Layer

Answer

Data Link Layer

Question 25

Unlike the OSI model, the TCP/IP model consists of how many layers?

Accepted Answer

4

Answer

3

Answer

5

Answer

7

Question 26

Which IEEE 802.x standard defines protocols specifically for wireless local area networks (WLANs)?

Accepted Answer

802.11

Answer

802.3

Answer

802.15

Answer

802.16

Question 27

Which network performance metric measures the time it takes for a data packet to travel from its source to its destination?

Accepted Answer

Latency

Answer

Throughput

Answer

Packet Loss

Answer

Jitter

Question 28

Which network protocol utilizes a connection-oriented approach to provide reliable delivery of data?

Accepted Answer

TCP

Answer

UDP

Answer

HTTP

Answer

SMTP

Question 29

A network topology where all devices are connected directly to a central hub is known as a:

Accepted Answer

Star

Answer

Bus

Answer

Ring

Answer

Mesh

Question 30

The process of splitting a larger network into smaller, more manageable sections is called:

Accepted Answer

Subnetting

Answer

Fragmentation

Answer

Routing

Answer

Bridging

Question 31

DNS stands for:

Accepted Answer

Domain Name System

Answer

Data Network System

Answer

Digital Naming System

Answer

Distributed Network Services

Question 32

Examine the differences between Wi-Fi and Bluetooth wireless technologies. Highlight their key features and suitable applications.

Accepted Answer

Wi-Fi provides faster data transfer speeds than Bluetooth, making it ideal for tasks like video streaming and file sharing.

Accepted Answer

Bluetooth is typically used for short-range connections, while Wi-Fi is preferred for longer-range wireless communication.

Accepted Answer

Wi-Fi consumes more power than Bluetooth, making it less suitable for battery-powered devices.

Answer

Bluetooth does not offer superior security compared to Wi-Fi, so it may not be the best choice for secure data transmission.

Question 33

In the OSI and TCP/IP network models, data encapsulation occurs at which layer?

Accepted Answer

All layers

Answer

Physical layer only

Answer

Application layer only

Question 34

Which OSI model layer handles packet routing and addressing?

Accepted Answer

Network

Answer

Transport

Answer

Session

Answer

Application

Question 35

Which IEEE 802 standard defines the physical layer specifications for Ethernet networks?

Accepted Answer

802.3

Answer

802.1

Answer

802.11

Answer

802.15

Question 36

Which TCP/IP model protocol is responsible for establishing and managing connections between hosts?

Accepted Answer

TCP

Answer

UDP

Answer

IP

Answer

ICMP

Question 37

Which OSI model layer provides services for establishing, maintaining, and terminating communication sessions?

Accepted Answer

Session

Answer

Network

Answer

Transport

Answer

Application

Question 38

Which element is not part of a protocol stack?

Accepted Answer

Routing

Answer

Protocols

Answer

Encapsulation

Answer

Segmentation

Question 39

Which OSI model layer is responsible for error detection and correction during data transmission?

Accepted Answer

Data Link

Answer

Network

Answer

Transport

Answer

Application

Question 40

Which TCP/IP model protocol is used to translate domain names into IP addresses?

Accepted Answer

DNS

Answer

HTTP

Answer

DHCP

Answer

SMTP

Question 41

Describe the key differences between UDP and TCP protocols, explaining their advantages in various network application scenarios.

Accepted Answer

UDP is connectionless, while TCP is connection-oriented.

Accepted Answer

TCP provides higher reliability than UDP.

Accepted Answer

UDP is faster than TCP.

Answer

UDP is less secure than TCP.

Question 42

In the OSI model, which layer is responsible for routing data?

Accepted Answer

Network

Answer

Transport

Answer

Application

Answer

Session

Question 43

Which IEEE 802 standard defines the specifications for wireless LANs?

Accepted Answer

802.11

Answer

802.5

Answer

802.3

Answer

802.15

Question 44

Describe the fundamental difference between the TCP and UDP protocols.

Accepted Answer

TCP provides reliable, connection-oriented data transmission, while UDP offers unreliable, connectionless service.

Answer

TCP uses port numbers, while UDP does not.

Question 45

Which metric measures the transmission time of data packets from one point to another on a network?

Accepted Answer

Latency

Answer

Packet loss

Answer

Jitter

Answer

Throughput

Question 46

What is the primary goal of network virtualization?

Accepted Answer

To create multiple virtual networks on a single physical network infrastructure.

Answer

To increase network performance

Answer

To improve network security

Question 47

In the TCP/IP model, which layer is responsible for ensuring that data is transmitted in the correct order?

Accepted Answer

Transport

Answer

Data Link

Answer

Network

Answer

Application

Question 48

What is the primary function of a router in a computer network?

Accepted Answer

To forward data packets between different networks based on their destination addresses.

Answer

To store data files

Answer

To provide access to the Internet

Question 49

What is the purpose of a MAC address?

Accepted Answer

To identify a specific device on a network.

Answer

To establish a network connection

Answer

To provide security for a network

Answer

To route data packets

Question 50

Which network security protocol offers both encryption and authentication for data transmission?

Accepted Answer

TLS

Answer

SSH

Answer

HTTP

Answer

FTP