Network Layer: Routing, IP Addressing, and Protocols

Question 1

The primary function of the network layer in the TCP/IP model is to:

Accepted Answer

Route data to its intended destination

Answer

Establish connections between devices

Answer

Provide reliable data transfer

Answer

Manage data flow across the network

Question 2

Subnet masking in IP addressing identifies:

Accepted Answer

Network portion of an IP address

Answer

Host portion of an IP address

Answer

IP address class

Answer

Unique IP address for each device

Question 3

DHCP's role in IP addressing is to:

Accepted Answer

Assign IP addresses to devices automatically

Answer

Translate hostnames to IP addresses

Answer

Manage IP address assignments across multiple networks

Answer

Provide security for IP addresses

Question 4

Which device connects networks and forwards packets based on IP addresses?

Accepted Answer

Router

Answer

Switch

Answer

Bridge

Answer

Gateway

Question 5

In IP networking, unicast, multicast, and broadcast traffic differ in that:

Accepted Answer

Unicast: single destination, multicast: group of destinations, broadcast: all destinations

Answer

Unicast: multiple destinations, multicast: single destination, broadcast: all destinations

Answer

Unicast: all destinations, multicast: single destination, broadcast: group of destinations

Answer

Unicast: single destination, multicast: all destinations, broadcast: group of destinations

Question 6

Within the TCP/IP model, which layer is tasked with determining the path that data packets traverse through a network?

Accepted Answer

Network Layer

Answer

Application Layer

Answer

Transport Layer

Answer

Data Link Layer

Question 7

Which of the following is a distance-vector routing protocol that shares information with neighboring routers?

Accepted Answer

RIP

Answer

OSPF

Answer

BGP

Answer

EIGRP

Question 8

Describe virtual LANs (VLANs) and their benefits and drawbacks in network layer design.

Accepted Answer

VLANs logically segment networks, improving security and minimizing traffic.

Answer

VLANs physically divide networks by location, enhancing manageability.

Answer

VLANs are only compatible with Ethernet networks.

Question 9

What software tool is widely used to simulate and analyze the performance of network layer protocols?

Accepted Answer

ns-3

Answer

Wireshark

Answer

tcpdump

Answer

GNS3

Question 10

The primary function of a router is to:

Accepted Answer

Direct packets across different networks

Answer

Connect devices within the same network

Answer

Offer secure internet access

Answer

Control network traffic and bandwidth

Question 11

What is the maximum length of an IPv4 address in bits?

Accepted Answer

32

Answer

64

Answer

128

Answer

256

Question 12

What is the primary purpose of Network Address Translation (NAT)?

Accepted Answer

Conserving IPv4 addresses

Answer

Enhancing network security

Answer

Improving network performance

Answer

Facilitating communication between different network protocols

Question 13

What is the role of the IP Control Protocol (ICMP) in the network layer?

Accepted Answer

Providing error and diagnostic information

Answer

Establishing and maintaining network connections

Answer

Routing packets between different networks

Answer

Ensuring secure network communications

Question 14

In the Network Layer of the TCP/IP model, which protocol is primarily used for routing?

Accepted Answer

IP

Answer

ARP

Answer

TCP

Answer

UDP

Question 15

What is the fundamental purpose of IP addressing within the Network Layer?

Accepted Answer

Identifying devices uniquely on a network

Answer

Establishing connections between applications

Answer

Controlling data flow

Answer

Providing error correction

Question 16

Which network layer device is responsible for directing packets based on IP addresses?

Accepted Answer

Router

Answer

Modem

Answer

Switch

Answer

Firewall

Question 17

What is the key distinction between static and dynamic routing protocols?

Accepted Answer

Static routes are manually configured, while dynamic routes are self-learned.

Answer

Static routes are inherently more reliable than dynamic routes.

Answer

Dynamic routes are inherently more secure than static routes.

Answer

Static and dynamic routing protocols have essentially no differences.

Question 18

For multicast addresses, which IP address class is utilized?

Accepted Answer

Class D

Answer

Class A

Answer

Class B

Answer

Class C

Question 19

True or False: The Network Layer's responsibilities include error correction and data recovery.

Accepted Answer

False

Answer

True

Question 20

Which of the following tasks is NOT handled by the Network Layer?

Accepted Answer

Encryption

Answer

Routing

Answer

Flow control

Answer

Error detection

Question 21

Within the TCP/IP model, what is the Network Layer primarily responsible for?

Accepted Answer

Routing packets between networks

Answer

Establishing and managing network connections

Answer

Providing a reliable transmission service

Answer

Providing access to network resources

Question 22

What is the primary purpose of IP addressing?

Accepted Answer

Identifying and locating specific devices on a network

Answer

Ensuring reliable data transmission

Answer

Prioritizing network traffic

Answer

Encrypting network communications

Question 23

Select the key characteristic of the Internet Protocol (IP).

Accepted Answer

Connectionless operation

Answer

Guaranteed reliable packet delivery

Answer

Data transmission encryption

Answer

Multicast addressing support

Question 24

What is the purpose of the Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)?

Accepted Answer

Translating IP addresses into MAC addresses

Answer

Routing packets across different networks

Answer

Assigning IP addresses to devices

Answer

Detecting and correcting data transmission errors

Question 25

What is the function of the Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)?

Accepted Answer

Sending error and control messages in an IP network

Answer

Establishing and managing connections between devices

Answer

Routing packets across different networks

Answer

Providing encryption for data transmission

Question 26

What is the primary purpose of a network layer protocol such as IP in computer networks?

Accepted Answer

To route packets through a network

Answer

To establish connections between hosts

Answer

To control access to network resources

Answer

To provide error correction and flow control

Question 27

What is the fundamental difference between static and dynamic routing protocols?

Accepted Answer

Static routes are manually configured, while dynamic routes are automatically updated

Answer

Dynamic routes are manually configured, while static routes are automatically updated

Answer

Static routes are used for small networks, while dynamic routes are used for larger networks

Answer

Dynamic routes are more secure than static routes

Question 28

What is the primary purpose of IP addressing in computer networks?

Accepted Answer

To identify hosts on a network

Answer

To provide a path for packets to travel

Answer

To control access to network resources

Answer

To ensure reliable delivery of packets

Question 29

What is the primary function of a subnet mask in IP addressing?

Accepted Answer

To divide an IP address into network and host portions

Answer

To determine the default gateway for a network

Answer

To provide error checking for IP addresses

Answer

To translate IP addresses to MAC addresses

Question 30

Which of the following is NOT considered a common network layer device?

Accepted Answer

Web server

Answer

Router

Answer

Switch

Answer

Firewall

Question 31

Which of the following is considered a layer 3 protocol in the TCP/IP network model?

Accepted Answer

IP

Answer

ARP

Answer

TCP

Answer

UDP

Question 32

What is the primary purpose of a MAC address in computer networks?

Accepted Answer

To identify a specific device on a network

Answer

To route packets through a network

Answer

To provide a path for packets to travel

Answer

To ensure reliable delivery of packets

Question 33

A primary function of the Network Layer is to:

Accepted Answer

Forward packets based on routing tables

Answer

Detect and correct errors in transmission

Answer

Provide encryption for secure communication

Answer

Assign IP addresses to hosts

Question 34

Which IP addressing scheme allows for flexible subnet sizes using variable-length subnet masks?

Accepted Answer

CIDR

Answer

IPv4

Answer

IPv6

Answer

VLSM

Question 35

To find the shortest path between two networks, which routing protocol is commonly used?

Accepted Answer

OSPF

Answer

RIP

Answer

BGP

Answer

EIGRP

Question 36

In a network, the primary responsibility of a router is to:

Accepted Answer

Connect different networks and forward packets

Answer

Detect and correct errors in data transmission

Answer

Provide encryption for secure communication

Answer

Assign IP addresses to hosts on the network

Question 37

Which of the following is not a recognized type of network topology?

Accepted Answer

Rectangle

Answer

Bus

Answer

Star

Answer

Ring

Question 38

How does a unicast address differ from a broadcast address?

Accepted Answer

A unicast address is used to send packets to a specific destination, while a broadcast address is used to send packets to all devices on a network.

Answer

A unicast address is used to send packets to all devices on a network, while a broadcast address is used to send packets to a specific destination.

Answer

A unicast address is used for secure communication, while a broadcast address is used for non-secure communication.

Answer

There is no difference between a unicast and a broadcast address.

Question 39

In an Ethernet frame, what is the maximum size of the payload?

Accepted Answer

1500 bytes

Answer

2048 bytes

Answer

4096 bytes

Answer

8192 bytes

Question 40

What is a primary benefit of using VLSM?

Accepted Answer

Efficient utilization of IP addresses

Answer

Simplified network management

Answer

Improved network security

Answer

Increased network speed

Question 41

The primary purpose of a MAC address is to:

Accepted Answer

Uniquely identify a network interface card

Answer

Determine the IP address of a host

Answer

Define the subnet mask of a network

Answer

Specify the default gateway of a host

Question 42

What's the primary goal of Quality of Service (QoS) mechanisms in network layer protocols?

Accepted Answer

Prioritize specific traffic types for seamless delivery.

Answer

Minimize latency for all network traffic.

Answer

Prevent network congestion by discarding non-essential traffic.

Answer

Enhance bandwidth for all network users.

Question 43

What is the primary purpose of a routing protocol?

Accepted Answer

To determine the most efficient path for data to travel between networks

Answer

To translate domain names to IP addresses

Answer

To manage network access

Question 44

What is the main purpose of a subnet mask?

Accepted Answer

To divide a larger network into smaller subnetworks

Answer

To mask the IP address of a host

Answer

To protect data from unauthorized access

Answer

To route traffic between different networks

Question 45

What is a fundamental difference between a router and a switch?

Accepted Answer

Routers connect networks, while switches connect devices within a network

Answer

Switches are faster than routers

Answer

Routers are more expensive than switches

Question 46

Which of the following is a significant advantage of IPv6 over IPv4?

Accepted Answer

Vastly expanded address space

Answer

Simplified configuration

Answer

Increased speed

Answer

Enhanced security

Question 47

What is the primary function of a Network Address Translation (NAT) device?

Accepted Answer

Enabling multiple devices to share a single public IP address

Answer

Translating domain names to IP addresses

Answer

Routing traffic between networks

Question 48

Which of the following is a common security threat that operates at the Network Layer?

Accepted Answer

IP spoofing

Answer

Malware

Answer

Spam

Answer

Phishing

Question 49

What is the primary function of a firewall?

Accepted Answer

To monitor and filter network traffic based on security rules

Answer

To translate domain names into IP addresses

Answer

To manage network resources

Answer

To encrypt data for secure transmission

Question 50

Which routing protocol uses the distance vector algorithm?

Accepted Answer

RIP

Answer

OSPF

Answer

BGP

Answer

EIGRP

Question 51

What is the purpose of a MAC address?

Accepted Answer

Identify a specific device on a network.

Answer

Assign IP addresses to devices.

Answer

Provide a secure connection between devices.

Answer

Route traffic between networks.

Question 52

Which layer in the TCP/IP model is responsible for routing packets?

Accepted Answer

Network Layer

Answer

Application Layer

Answer

Transport Layer

Answer

Data Link Layer

Question 53

What is the difference between static and dynamic routing?

Accepted Answer

Static routing requires manual configuration, while dynamic routing automatically updates based on network conditions.

Answer

Static routing is slower than dynamic routing.

Question 54

Which of the following is a network layer device?

Accepted Answer

Router

Answer

Access point

Answer

Firewall

Answer

Modem

Question 55

What is the process of dividing a network into smaller logical units called subnets?

Accepted Answer

Subnetting

Answer

Switching

Answer

Bridging

Answer

Routing

Question 56

Which of the following commands can be used to view the routing table on a Windows operating system?

Accepted Answer

route print

Answer

tracert

Answer

ping

Answer

ipconfig

Question 57

What is the purpose of the Border Gateway Protocol (BGP)?

Accepted Answer

To exchange routing information between autonomous systems.

Answer

To route traffic within a single network.

Answer

To assign IP addresses to devices.

Question 58

Which subnetting mask would result in the most subnets?

Accepted Answer

/24

Answer

/16

Answer

/8

Answer

/32

Question 59

What is the purpose of a default gateway?

Accepted Answer

To route traffic to other networks when there is no specific route in the routing table.

Answer

To assign IP addresses to devices.

Answer

To provide a secure connection between devices.