Science and Engineering: Learn the Basics of Scientific Inquiry and Engineering Design

Question 1

In a scientific experiment, which variable changes in response to the independent variable?

Accepted Answer

Dependent variable

Answer

Independent variable

Answer

Controlled variable

Answer

Constant variable

Question 2

In the scientific method, what step comes after forming a hypothesis and designing an experiment?

Accepted Answer

Conduct the experiment and collect data

Answer

Write a research paper

Answer

Analyze the data and draw conclusions

Answer

Formulate a theory

Question 3

Which step is NOT part of the scientific method?

Accepted Answer

Writing a research paper

Answer

Making observations

Answer

Forming a hypothesis

Answer

Designing an experiment

Question 4

After collecting and analyzing data in the scientific method, what is the next step?

Accepted Answer

Draw a conclusion

Answer

Make an observation

Answer

Form a hypothesis

Answer

Design an experiment

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a key element of a well-designed experiment?

Accepted Answer

Using advanced equipment and materials

Answer

A clear hypothesis

Answer

Controlling variables to test only one at a time

Answer

Repeating the experiment to ensure reliable results

Question 6

Which of the following is a step in the scientific method?

Accepted Answer

Forming a hypothesis

Accepted Answer

Collecting data

Accepted Answer

Drawing conclusions

Answer

Building a model

Question 7

What is the correct order of steps in the scientific method?

Accepted Answer

Observation, Hypothesis, Experiment, Data analysis, Conclusion

Answer

Hypothesis, Experiment, Data analysis, Conclusion

Answer

Conclusion, Hypothesis, Experiment, Data analysis, Observation

Answer

Experiment, Hypothesis, Observation, Data analysis, Conclusion

Question 8

What is the correct order of steps in the scientific method?

Accepted Answer

Question, Hypothesis, Experiment, Data Analysis, Conclusion

Answer

Hypothesis, Experiment, Data Analysis, Conclusion

Answer

Experiment, Hypothesis, Question, Data Analysis, Conclusion

Answer

Conclusion, Data Analysis, Experiment, Hypothesis, Question

Question 9

What is the initial step in the scientific method?

Accepted Answer

Make an observation

Answer

Form a hypothesis

Answer

Design an experiment

Answer

Analyze data

Question 10

Which of the following is **not** a step in the scientific method?

Accepted Answer

Making general statements beyond the experiment's results

Answer

Forming a testable hypothesis

Answer

Analyzing results and drawing conclusions

Answer

Designing and conducting an experiment

Question 11

In the scientific method, which step follows collecting and analyzing data?

Accepted Answer

Drawing conclusions

Answer

Making observations

Answer

Forming a hypothesis

Answer

Sharing your results

Question 12

In an experiment to test the effect of fertilizer on plant growth, which variable is being measured?

Accepted Answer

Height of the plants

Answer

Amount of fertilizer used

Answer

Type of plant used

Answer

Amount of sunlight the plants receive

Question 13

In a science experiment, which variable remains constant to ensure consistent conditions?

Accepted Answer

Control variable

Answer

Independent variable

Answer

Dependent variable

Answer

Extraneous variable

Question 14

Which step is the final step in the scientific method?

Accepted Answer

Sharing the findings with others

Answer

Forming a hypothesis

Answer

Conducting an experiment

Answer

Analyzing the results

Question 15

In the scientific method, which step involves making an educated prediction about the outcome of an experiment?

Accepted Answer

Forming a hypothesis

Answer

Asking a question

Answer

Conducting the experiment

Answer

Drawing a conclusion

Question 16

Which step is NOT part of the scientific method?

Accepted Answer

Writing a research paper

Answer

Making an observation

Answer

Forming a hypothesis

Answer

Running an experiment

Question 17

In a science experiment testing fertilizer's impact on plant growth, what's the purpose of a control group?

Accepted Answer

To compare plant growth with and without fertilizer

Answer

To prove fertilizer is the only factor affecting plant growth

Question 18

In the scientific inquiry process, which step should you complete first?

Accepted Answer

Make observations

Answer

Gather materials

Answer

Form a hypothesis

Answer

Test the hypothesis

Question 19

In a science experiment that tests how different fertilizers affect plant growth, which factor is the independent variable?

Accepted Answer

The type of fertilizer used

Answer

The amount of water given to the plants

Answer

The type of plant being grown

Question 20

What's the initial step in the scientific method?

Accepted Answer

Noticing something

Answer

Guessing the outcome

Answer

Testing the guess

Question 21

In a science experiment, which variable stays the same and is used to compare the other variables?

Accepted Answer

Control variable

Answer

Independent variable

Answer

Dependent variable

Question 22

In an experiment, a scientist changes the amount of water given to plants and measures their height. Which variable is the dependent variable?

Accepted Answer

Height of the plant

Answer

Amount of water

Question 23

What's the first step in the scientific method?

Accepted Answer

Notice things and ask questions

Answer

Guess an answer

Answer

Do an experiment

Answer

Look at the results and make a conclusion

Question 24

When designing a plant growth experiment, which step is essential to ensure accurate and reliable results?

Accepted Answer

Randomly assigning plants to different fertilizer treatments

Answer

Using a large number of plants

Answer

Using only one type of soil for all plants

Answer

Measuring plant height frequently throughout the experiment

Question 25

In the scientific method, which step involves making an educated prediction about the result of an experiment?

Accepted Answer

Forming a hypothesis

Answer

Defining the problem

Question 26

In the scientific method, which step involves making an educated guess about what will happen if you change something?

Accepted Answer

Forming a hypothesis

Answer

Making an observation

Answer

Testing your hypothesis through an experiment

Answer

Drawing conclusions based on the experimental data

Question 27

In a science experiment, what's the primary purpose of having a control group?

Accepted Answer

To compare with the experimental group.

Answer

To prevent all errors.

Answer

To test the hypothesis.

Answer

To confirm the results.

Question 28

In a scientific investigation, why is it important to clearly state the purpose?

Accepted Answer

To guide the investigation and focus on the research question

Answer

To predict the expected results

Answer

To explain the choice of materials and procedures

Answer

To acknowledge the work of other scientists

Question 29

In an experiment to test the impact of fertilizer on plant growth, which factor is the independent variable?

Accepted Answer

Amount of fertilizer applied

Answer

Type of fertilizer used

Answer

Height of the plants

Question 30

What's the first step in the scientific method, before making a guess or planning an experiment?

Accepted Answer

Observing

Answer

Guessing

Answer

Planning

Question 31

Which part of a science report shares the findings and what they mean?

Accepted Answer

Results and Discussion

Answer

Abstract

Answer

Methods

Answer

References

Question 32

In a scientific experiment, what's a good step to take when examining the data?

Accepted Answer

Spotting patterns and trends in the data

Answer

Ignoring data that doesn't match what you thought would happen

Answer

Making conclusions without thinking about the experiment's limits

Question 33

Which step is NOT part of the scientific method?

Accepted Answer

Developing a theory

Answer

Making observations

Answer

Forming a hypothesis

Answer

Conducting experiments

Question 34

In a scientific investigation, what is a hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

An educated guess based on observations and prior knowledge

Answer

A final conclusion drawn after an experiment

Answer

A random prediction about an experiment's outcome

Question 35

In a science experiment, we change one factor to see how it affects another. Which factor do we change?

Accepted Answer

Independent variable

Answer

Dependent variable

Answer

Controlled variable

Question 36

In a scientific inquiry, why is it crucial to state the purpose of the investigation?

Accepted Answer

To define the goals and objectives of the investigation

Answer

To identify the variables involved in the study

Answer

To provide background information on the topic

Answer

To create a testable hypothesis

Question 37

What is a key characteristic of a well-designed experiment?

Accepted Answer

Precise and accurate measurements

Answer

Multiple control groups

Answer

Testing multiple hypotheses at once

Answer

Confirming the hypothesis

Question 38

In an experiment to test the effect of different fertilizers on plant growth, what is the dependent variable?

Accepted Answer

Height of the plants after a period of time

Answer

Type and amount of fertilizer applied

Answer

Amount of sunlight the plants receive each day

Question 39

What is the first step in the scientific method?

Accepted Answer

Making observations and asking questions

Answer

Formulating a hypothesis

Answer

Performing experiments

Answer

Drawing conclusions and communicating results

Question 40

What do 'sources of error' refer to in scientific experiments?

Accepted Answer

Factors that can affect the accuracy of the results

Answer

Mistakes made by the experimenter that always invalidate the results

Answer

Errors that only occur in experiments with negative outcomes

Answer

Irrelevant factors that do not need to be considered

Question 41

In a scientific investigation, what's the most important feature of a hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

It should be specific and testable.

Answer

It should be a proven fact.

Answer

It should be a general statement.

Question 42

Why is scientific literacy essential for everyone?

Accepted Answer

Scientific literacy helps us make informed decisions based on scientific information.

Answer

Only scientists need to understand science.

Answer

Scientific literacy has no impact on our lives.

Answer

We can only learn about science in school.

Question 43

In the scientific method, what is the main reason for creating a hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

To provide a testable explanation or prediction that can be proven or disproven by the experiment.

Answer

To guarantee a successful experiment.

Answer

To make the experiment more fun and interesting.

Answer

To avoid the need for data collection and analysis.

Question 44

In a controlled experiment, why is it crucial to have a control group?

Accepted Answer

To compare the results of the experimental group to a standard.

Answer

To increase the number of participants.

Answer

To add another independent variable.

Answer

To save money.

Question 45

What do scientists change on purpose during an experiment?

Accepted Answer

Something changed on purpose

Answer

Something being measured

Answer

Something kept the same

Question 46

Why is sample size important in scientific investigations? Explain how it affects the accuracy and reliability of the results.

Accepted Answer

The larger the sample size, the more accurate and reliable the results.

Answer

Sample size has no impact on scientific investigations.

Answer

A larger sample size always guarantees more accurate and reliable results.

Answer

Sample size is determined by the population size.

Question 47

How has the invention of microscopes advanced our understanding of cells?

Accepted Answer

Microscopes have enabled scientists to directly observe cells, revealing their structures and functions.

Answer

Microscopes have played a limited role in our understanding of cells, primarily serving as visualization tools.

Answer

The invention of microscopes has not influenced our knowledge of cells.

Question 48

How does scientific literacy empower individuals to make well-informed decisions?

Accepted Answer

It allows individuals to critically evaluate information and make choices based on evidence.

Answer

It restricts individuals to making decisions based on personal beliefs and biases.

Answer

It is only relevant to scientists and has no practical application in daily life.

Question 49

What is the main purpose of a hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

To make a prediction

Answer

To prove a theory

Answer

To gather data

Answer

To design an experiment

Question 50

Which of these is important for a valid scientific experiment?

Accepted Answer

Being controlled

Answer

Being repeated

Answer

Being biased

Answer

Not being controlled

Question 51

How do scientific laws and theories differ?

Accepted Answer

A law describes a pattern, while a theory explains it.

Answer

A theory is more certain than a law.

Answer

A law is broader than a theory.

Answer

There is no difference between a law and a theory.

Question 52

Which observation can be measured?

Accepted Answer

The water feels cold.

Answer

It is sunny outside.

Answer

The tree has many leaves.

Answer

The music sounds nice.

Question 53

How can you best explain science concepts to people who aren't scientists?

Accepted Answer

Use simple words and examples from daily life.

Answer

Use hard science words to sound smart.

Answer

Avoid using pictures or diagrams.

Question 54

In scientific inquiry, what is the main distinction between a hypothesis and a theory?

Accepted Answer

A hypothesis is a specific prediction that can be tested, while a theory is a general explanation supported by evidence.

Answer

A hypothesis is an untested idea, while a theory is a proven fact.

Answer

A hypothesis is a law, while a theory is a principle.

Answer

There is no difference between a hypothesis and a theory.

Question 55

How does technology empower scientists and engineers to expand their capabilities?

Accepted Answer

Technology enables the collection of vast amounts of data.

Accepted Answer

Technology provides new ways to analyze data.

Accepted Answer

Technology improves communication and collaboration.

Answer

Technology has no impact on scientific research and engineering design.

Question 56

What method reduces bias and ensures objectivity in scientific research by concealing the treatment from both researchers and participants?

Accepted Answer

Double-blind studies

Answer

Large sample size

Answer

Replicating experiments multiple times

Answer

Random sampling

Question 57

What's the very first step in designing an experiment?

Accepted Answer

Finding a problem

Answer

Making a guess

Answer

Gathering information

Answer

Reaching a decision

Question 58

Scientists have ethical responsibilities to conduct their work with honesty and integrity. Which of the following is NOT an ethical responsibility of scientists?

Accepted Answer

Intentionally fabricating or altering data to support their claims

Answer

Publishing research findings accurately, even if they do not support their hypothesis

Answer

Correcting and retracting any errors or mistakes found in their published work

Question 59

Which of the following is a limitation of scientific inquiry?

Accepted Answer

Scientific inquiry is limited by our inability to control all factors in an experiment.

Answer

Scientific theories are never revised or updated.

Answer

Scientific experiments always produce clear and exact results.

Answer

Scientific knowledge is always certain and unchanging.

Question 60

In a scientific study, how does using a larger sample size impact the accuracy and consistency of the results?

Accepted Answer

Enhances both accuracy and consistency

Answer

Enhances accuracy, but not consistency

Answer

Enhances consistency, but not accuracy

Answer

Has no effect on accuracy or consistency

Question 61

In the scientific method, what is the initial step you should take?

Accepted Answer

Observe something interesting

Answer

Create a hypothesis

Answer

Design an experiment

Answer

Collect data

Question 62

What is a well-educated guess based on your observations called?

Accepted Answer

Hypothesis

Answer

Fact

Answer

Research question

Answer

Result

Question 63

For a controlled experiment, which of the following is essential?

Accepted Answer

Only change one variable

Answer

Include only one group

Answer

Repeat the experiment often

Answer

Have a very large sample size

Question 64

What is the purpose of collecting qualitative data?

Accepted Answer

Describe observations

Answer

Measure numbers

Answer

Prove a hypothesis

Answer

Draw conclusions