Cell Biology Quizzes: Test Your Knowledge of Cells

Question 1

What is the main function of the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Controls the movement of substances into and out of the cell

Answer

Stores the cell's DNA

Answer

Makes proteins

Answer

Produces energy for the cell

Question 2

Which organelle is responsible for photosynthesis in plant cells?

Accepted Answer

Chloroplast

Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Vacuole

Answer

Ribosome

Question 3

Which type of cell lacks a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles?

Accepted Answer

Prokaryotic cell

Answer

Eukaryotic cell

Answer

Animal cell

Answer

Plant cell

Question 4

Which process releases energy from glucose through a series of chemical reactions?

Accepted Answer

Respiration

Answer

Photosynthesis

Answer

Fermentation

Answer

Diffusion

Question 5

Which organelle contains the cell's genetic material and is responsible for controlling cellular activities?

Accepted Answer

Nucleus

Answer

Ribosome

Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Vacuole

Question 6

Which type of cell has a cell wall and is found only in plants?

Accepted Answer

Plant cell

Answer

Animal cell

Answer

Fungal cell

Answer

Bacterial cell

Question 7

Which transport process involves the movement of substances into the cell by engulfing them with the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Endocytosis

Answer

Exocytosis

Answer

Diffusion

Answer

Osmosis

Question 8

Which organelle is responsible for storing food, water, and waste products?

Accepted Answer

Vacuole

Answer

Nucleus

Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Lysosome

Question 9

Which type of cell division results in the production of genetically identical daughter cells?

Accepted Answer

Mitosis

Answer

Binary fission

Answer

Meiosis

Answer

Budding

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the Golgi apparatus?

Accepted Answer

Stores and releases sodium ions

Answer

Modifies and packages proteins

Answer

Synthesizes carbohydrates

Question 11

Which of the following is the main role of the nucleus in a cell?

Accepted Answer

Storing and maintaining genetic information

Answer

Assembling proteins

Answer

Moving materials within the cell

Answer

Providing energy

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a function of the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

It does not store genetic material

Answer

It protects the cell from its surroundings

Answer

It controls what enters and leaves the cell

Answer

It communicates with other cells

Question 13

Which organelle is responsible for photosynthesis in plant cells?

Accepted Answer

Chloroplast

Answer

Nucleus

Answer

Ribosomes

Answer

Mitochondria

Question 14

What is the primary function of ribosomes?

Accepted Answer

Protein synthesis

Answer

DNA replication

Answer

Energy production

Answer

Waste removal

Question 15

Which type of cells lack a membrane-bound nucleus?

Accepted Answer

Prokaryotic cells

Answer

Animal cells

Answer

Plant cells

Answer

Eukaryotic cells

Question 16

What is the process known as when cells divide?

Accepted Answer

Cell division

Answer

Photosynthesis

Answer

Metabolism

Answer

Respiration

Question 17

Which of the following is an example of passive transport?

Accepted Answer

Diffusion

Answer

Active transport

Answer

Endocytosis

Answer

Exocytosis

Question 18

What is the main function of the Golgi apparatus?

Accepted Answer

It modifies and packages proteins

Answer

It stores genetic material

Answer

It produces energy

Answer

It synthesizes proteins

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of living cells?

Accepted Answer

Living cells do not respond to stimuli

Answer

Living cells contain cytoplasm

Answer

Living cells can reproduce

Answer

Living cells have a cell membrane

Question 20

What is the process by which cells take in large molecules?

Accepted Answer

Endocytosis

Answer

Active transport

Answer

Exocytosis

Answer

Diffusion

Question 21

Which of the following is a type of eukaryotic cell?

Accepted Answer

Animal cells

Answer

Viral cells

Answer

Bacterial cells

Answer

Prokaryotic cells

Question 22

Which characteristic is NOT essential for all living cells?

Accepted Answer

Ability for independent movement

Answer

Enclosed by a cell membrane

Answer

Presence of DNA

Question 23

Which organelle synthesizes proteins?

Accepted Answer

Ribosomes

Answer

Chloroplasts

Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Golgi apparatus

Question 24

Which type of cell contains a prominent central vacuole?

Accepted Answer

Plant cell

Answer

Prokaryotic cell

Answer

Animal cell

Answer

Eukaryotic cell

Question 25

What is the primary function of the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Regulates the passage of substances in and out of the cell

Answer

Stores genetic material

Answer

Generates energy for the cell

Question 26

Which process occurs within chloroplasts?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis

Answer

Lipid metabolism

Answer

Cellular respiration

Answer

Protein synthesis

Question 27

How do prokaryotic cells differ from eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Prokaryotic cells lack a true nucleus, unlike eukaryotic cells

Answer

Prokaryotic cells have a cell wall, while eukaryotic cells lack one

Answer

Prokaryotic cells are significantly larger than eukaryotic cells

Question 28

Which organelle is responsible for processing and modifying proteins?

Accepted Answer

Golgi apparatus

Answer

Ribosomes

Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Lysosomes

Question 29

What is the gel-like substance that fills the cell called?

Accepted Answer

Cytoplasm

Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Vacuole

Answer

Nucleus

Question 30

Which organelle is the primary site of cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Ribosomes

Answer

Golgi apparatus

Answer

Chloroplasts

Question 31

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of prokaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Presence of a nucleus

Answer

Lack of membrane-bound organelles

Answer

Presence of ribosomes

Answer

Smaller size compared to eukaryotic cells

Question 32

Which organelle is responsible for energy production in the form of ATP?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer

Golgi apparatus

Answer

Lysosomes

Question 33

Which process converts light energy into chemical energy in plants?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis

Answer

Diffusion

Answer

Osmosis

Answer

Cellular respiration

Question 34

The process by which cells break down glucose to release energy is known as:

Accepted Answer

Cellular respiration

Answer

Osmosis

Answer

Diffusion

Answer

Photosynthesis

Question 35

A plant cell placed in a hypertonic solution will?

Accepted Answer

Lose water and become plasmolyzed

Answer

Burst due to excessive water uptake

Answer

Remain unchanged

Answer

Gain water and become turgid

Question 36

Which of the following is a key difference between plant and animal cells?

Accepted Answer

Plant cells have a cell wall, animal cells do not.

Answer

Plant cells are smaller than animal cells.

Answer

Animal cells have a nucleus, plant cells do not.

Answer

Animal cells have chloroplasts, plant cells do not.

Question 37

The process of cell division produces two identical daughter cells. What is this process called?

Accepted Answer

Mitosis

Answer

Meiosis

Answer

Binary fission

Answer

Fertilization

Question 38

Which organelle is responsible for packaging and modifying proteins before they are transported out of the cell?

Accepted Answer

Golgi apparatus

Answer

Lysosomes

Answer

Ribosomes

Answer

Endoplasmic reticulum

Question 39

Which of the following is NOT a function of the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Producing energy

Answer

Regulating the passage of substances into and out of the cell

Answer

Providing structural support for the cell

Question 40

A scientist is studying a cell that contains a nucleus, mitochondria, and chloroplasts. What type of cell is this?

Accepted Answer

Plant cell

Answer

Fungal cell

Answer

Animal cell

Answer

Bacterial cell

Question 41

Which organelle is known as the 'powerhouse of the cell' because it generates energy in the form of ATP?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Ribosomes

Answer

Golgi apparatus

Answer

Nucleus

Question 42

What is the most significant difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Prokaryotic cells lack a membrane-bound nucleus and other organelles.

Answer

Prokaryotic cells are much smaller than eukaryotic cells.

Answer

Prokaryotic cells are only found in single-celled organisms.

Answer

Prokaryotic cells have simpler DNA structures.

Question 43

During which phase of the cell cycle does the DNA copy itself, ensuring each new cell receives a complete set of genetic material?

Accepted Answer

S phase

Answer

M phase

Answer

G1 phase

Answer

G2 phase

Question 44

What is the primary function of the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

To control the movement of substances in and out of the cell.

Answer

To produce proteins.

Answer

To store genetic information.

Answer

To provide structural support for the cell.

Question 45

Which of the following transport mechanisms DOES NOT require the cell to expend energy?

Accepted Answer

Passive transport

Answer

Endocytosis

Answer

Active transport

Answer

Exocytosis

Question 46

A scientist studying photosynthesis would be most interested in which organelle?

Accepted Answer

Chloroplast

Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Nucleus

Answer

Golgi apparatus

Question 47

What is the main difference between mitosis and meiosis?

Accepted Answer

Mitosis produces two identical daughter cells, while meiosis produces four genetically diverse daughter cells.

Answer

Mitosis involves one division, while meiosis involves two divisions.

Answer

Mitosis is used for growth and repair, while meiosis is used for sexual reproduction.

Question 48

If a cell is placed in a solution with a higher concentration of solutes than its internal environment, what will happen to the cell?

Accepted Answer

Water will move out of the cell, causing it to shrink.

Answer

The cell will remain unchanged.

Answer

The cell will burst.

Answer

Water will move into the cell, causing it to swell.

Question 49

What is the role of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

Ribosomes read the genetic code from mRNA and assemble amino acids into proteins.

Answer

Ribosomes produce mRNA from DNA.

Answer

Ribosomes store genetic information.

Answer

Ribosomes transport proteins to other parts of the cell.

Question 50

A cell with a large central vacuole and chloroplasts is most likely from which type of organism?

Accepted Answer

Plant

Answer

Animal

Answer

Bacteria

Answer

Fungi