Anthropology: Uncover the Study of Human Cultures and Evolution

Question 1

Participant observation, a method used by anthropologists, involves living among and observing the daily lives of their research subjects. Its primary purpose is to:

Accepted Answer

Reduce the impact of the researcher's own cultural biases

Answer

Ensure the accuracy of the research findings

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Protect the privacy of the research subjects

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Speed up the process of gathering data

Question 2

What's the key difference between physical and cultural anthropology?

Accepted Answer

Physical anthropology focuses on human biology, while cultural anthropology explores human culture and society.

Answer

Physical anthropology uses qualitative methods, while cultural anthropology uses quantitative methods.

Answer

Physical anthropology studies non-human primates, while cultural anthropology studies human societies.

Answer

Cultural anthropology studies human history, while physical anthropology studies prehistory.

Question 3

Anthropology primarily focuses on:

Accepted Answer

Studying humans and their cultures

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Examining historical events

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Analyzing animal behaviors

Question 4

Which of these is NOT considered a primary subfield of anthropology?

Accepted Answer

Sociology

Answer

Biological anthropology

Answer

Cultural anthropology

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Linguistic anthropology

Question 5

Anthropologists use direct observation and involvement to study human behavior through:

Accepted Answer

Participant observation

Answer

Survey-based research

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Historical analysis

Question 6

Which theory emphasizes the influence of biological evolution on human behavior?

Accepted Answer

Sociobiology

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Structuralism

Answer

Functionalism

Answer

Marxism

Question 7

When people who live in the same location and engage regularly share a common culture, it is known as:

Accepted Answer

Society

Answer

Counterculture

Answer

Material culture

Answer

Subculture

Question 8

Ethnographic research is characterized by:

Accepted Answer

Fieldwork conducted among the people being studied

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Reliance on secondary sources

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Predominantly quantitative data collection

Question 9

The ethical principle that safeguards the privacy and confidentiality of research participants is:

Accepted Answer

Informed consent

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Beneficence

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Justice

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Non-maleficence

Question 10

Which branch of anthropology investigates language's significance in human communication?

Accepted Answer

Linguistic anthropology

Answer

Cultural anthropology

Answer

Biological anthropology

Answer

Archaeology

Question 11

The study of remnants left by past human civilizations is known as:

Accepted Answer

Archaeology

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Paleontology

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Sociology

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Ethnology

Question 12

A fundamental concept guiding anthropological research is:

Accepted Answer

Cultural relativism

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Naturalism

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Positivism

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Ethnocentrism

Question 13

Which of the following best defines the central focus of anthropology as an academic discipline?

Accepted Answer

The study of humanity, encompassing human populations, their cultures, and their interconnectedness.

Answer

The study of animal behavior and its implications for human evolution

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The study of the environment and its impact on human behavior

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The study of historical events and their influence on societal development

Question 14

Which primary method do anthropologists employ to collect data about contemporary cultures?

Accepted Answer

Participant observation

Answer

Data extraction from large datasets using computational techniques

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Controlled experiments conducted in a laboratory setting

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Analysis of historical documents and records

Question 15

Which subfield of anthropology specifically investigates human biological evolution?

Accepted Answer

Biological anthropology

Answer

Cultural anthropology

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Linguistic anthropology

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Archaeology

Question 16

Which fundamental ethical principle should guide anthropological research?

Accepted Answer

Respect for the dignity, autonomy, and cultural diversity of research participants

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Subordinating ethical considerations to research objectives

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Prioritizing efficiency and maximizing research output

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Maintaining complete objectivity and detachment from research subjects

Question 17

Which significant challenge do anthropologists often encounter during fieldwork?

Accepted Answer

Gaining access to and establishing rapport within sensitive or restricted communities

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Securing adequate funding for research projects

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Designing and validating effective research instruments

Question 18

What is a key contribution that anthropology makes to our understanding of human societies?

Accepted Answer

Expanding our knowledge of cultural diversity, fostering empathy, and recognizing human resilience

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Formulating economic policies to stimulate economic growth

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Developing advanced medical technologies for disease treatment

Question 19

Which of the following is the best definition of anthropology?

Accepted Answer

The scientific study of human beings, their cultures, and their biological development throughout history.

Answer

The study of the natural world

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The study of human psychology

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The study of ancient civilizations

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a major subfield of anthropology?

Accepted Answer

History

Answer

Cultural anthropology

Answer

Biological anthropology

Answer

Linguistic anthropology

Question 21

Which of the following is a key concept in cultural anthropology?

Accepted Answer

Culture

Answer

Ecosystem

Answer

Gene

Answer

Niche

Question 22

Which of the following is a major theoretical perspective in biological anthropology?

Accepted Answer

Evolutionary theory

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Symbolic interactionism

Answer

Functionalist theory

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Social conflict theory

Question 23

Which of the following is a major goal of linguistic anthropology?

Accepted Answer

To understand the relationship between language and culture

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To translate ancient texts

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To develop new languages

Question 24

Which of the following is a potential career path for an anthropologist?

Accepted Answer

Museum curator

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Lawyer

Answer

Software engineer

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Medical doctor

Question 25

Which of the following is a significant contribution of anthropology to society?

Accepted Answer

Cross-cultural understanding

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Economic growth

Answer

Medical advancements

Answer

Technological innovations

Question 26

Which of the following is NOT a subfield of anthropology?

Accepted Answer

Sociology

Answer

Linguistic Anthropology

Answer

Archaeology

Answer

Biological Anthropology

Question 27

What is the primary method used by anthropologists to gather data?

Accepted Answer

Fieldwork

Answer

Laboratory experiments

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Interviews in controlled settings

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Online surveys

Question 28

Which anthropologist is known for their theory of cultural relativism?

Accepted Answer

Franz Boas

Answer

Claude Lévi-Strauss

Answer

Margaret Mead

Answer

Bronisław Malinowski

Question 29

What is the term for the process by which humans adapt to their environment?

Accepted Answer

Acculturation

Answer

Diffusion

Answer

Socialization

Answer

Assimilation

Question 30

Which of the following is a characteristic of human culture?

Accepted Answer

It is learned and transmitted socially.

Answer

It is only found in Western societies.

Answer

It is limited to non-human primates.

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It is innate and unchanging.

Question 31

What is the term for the study of the physical characteristics of humans?

Accepted Answer

Biological Anthropology

Answer

Cultural Anthropology

Answer

Archaeology

Answer

Linguistic Anthropology

Question 32

Which of the following is a key concept in cultural anthropology?

Accepted Answer

Ethnocentrism

Answer

Behaviorism

Answer

Biological determinism

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Psychoanalysis

Question 33

What is the primary goal of anthropology?

Accepted Answer

To understand the human condition

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To solve social problems

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To promote cultural change

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To predict human behavior

Question 34

What is the term for the study of the relationship between humans and their environment?

Accepted Answer

Ecological Anthropology

Answer

Economic Anthropology

Answer

Cognitive Anthropology

Answer

Political Anthropology

Question 35

Which of the following is NOT considered a subfield of anthropology?

Accepted Answer

Astrophysics

Answer

Cultural anthropology

Answer

Linguistic anthropology

Answer

Biological anthropology

Question 36

Cultural anthropology primarily focuses on which aspect of human society?

Accepted Answer

Beliefs, behaviors, and practices of different cultures

Answer

Physical and biological characteristics of humans

Answer

Development and evolution of human language

Question 37

Which of the following is a crucial method employed by anthropologists to gather data?

Accepted Answer

Participant observation

Answer

Laboratory experimentation

Answer

Statistical analysis

Answer

Historical research

Question 38

What is the primary subject of study in the field of anthropology?

Accepted Answer

Human beings and their cultures

Answer

Animals and their ecosystems

Answer

Stars and their constellations

Answer

Plants and their growth patterns

Question 39

Which theory plays a significant role in anthropological explanations?

Accepted Answer

Evolutionary theory

Answer

String theory

Answer

General relativity

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Quantum theory

Question 40

What is the overall objective of anthropological research endeavors?

Accepted Answer

To gain a deeper understanding of human diversity and cultural variation

Answer

To create new technologies and advancements

Answer

To prove or disprove scientific hypotheses

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To solve specific social problems

Question 41

Which of the following is an example of an applied anthropological study?

Accepted Answer

Investigating the cultural impact of a new highway project

Answer

Excavating an ancient archaeological site

Answer

Analyzing the genetic diversity of human populations

Question 42

What term refers to the shared beliefs, values, customs, and practices within a group of people?

Accepted Answer

Culture

Answer

Ethnicity

Answer

Society

Answer

Religion

Question 43

Which of the following is a defining characteristic of human evolution?

Accepted Answer

Bipedalism

Answer

Photosynthesis

Answer

Echolocation

Answer

Camouflage

Question 44

What ethical principle is paramount in guiding anthropological research?

Accepted Answer

Informed consent

Answer

Cultural relativism

Answer

Academic freedom

Answer

Scientific objectivity

Question 45

Which of the following is NOT a primary subfield of anthropology?

Accepted Answer

Zoology

Answer

Sociocultural anthropology

Answer

Physical anthropology

Answer

Linguistic anthropology

Question 46

What is the central focus of sociocultural anthropologists?

Accepted Answer

Human societies and cultures

Answer

Human genetics

Answer

Human language

Answer

Human evolution

Question 47

Which anthropological research method involves prolonged immersion in a culture to observe and participate in daily life?

Accepted Answer

Participant observation

Answer

Historical research

Answer

Survey research

Answer

Interviewing

Question 48

According to which theory did humans evolve through natural selection from non-human ancestors?

Accepted Answer

Darwin's theory of evolution

Answer

Lamarck's theory of evolution

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Neutral evolution theory

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Punctuated equilibrium theory

Question 49

What is the term for the study of how human language interacts with culture and society?

Accepted Answer

Linguistic anthropology

Answer

Biological anthropology

Answer

Cultural anthropology

Answer

Archaeology

Question 50

Which ethical principle requires that research participants provide informed consent before participating in a study?

Accepted Answer

Informed consent

Answer

Deception

Answer

Coercion

Answer

Plagiarism

Question 51

What is the term for physical objects created or modified by humans that provide evidence of past cultures?

Accepted Answer

Artifacts

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Fossils

Answer

Documents

Question 52

Which anthropological perspective focuses on the role of power and inequality in shaping social structures and cultural practices?

Accepted Answer

Critical anthropology

Answer

Cognitive anthropology

Answer

Psychological anthropology

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Cultural ecology

Question 53

What is the term for the philosophical belief that humans are inherently good and capable of progress?

Accepted Answer

Humanism

Answer

Structuralism

Answer

Positivism

Answer

Cultural relativism