Biology Quizzes: Test Your Knowledge of Life's Fundamentals

Question 1

In cellular respiration, what is the correct sequence of events?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis, Krebs cycle, electron transport chain

Answer

Electron transport chain, Krebs cycle, glycolysis

Answer

Krebs cycle, glycolysis, electron transport chain

Answer

Electron transport chain, glycolysis, Krebs cycle

Question 2

What is a defining characteristic of living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Responding to environmental changes

Accepted Answer

Maintaining internal balance

Accepted Answer

Reproducing

Answer

Being composed of non-living matter

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a defining characteristic of living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Non-organic composition

Answer

Organization into cells

Answer

Ability to reproduce

Question 4

Which characteristic is NOT found in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Inactivity

Answer

Organization

Answer

Reproduction

Answer

Metabolism

Question 5

What is the fundamental unit of life, according to the cell theory?

Accepted Answer

Cell

Answer

Atom

Answer

Organelle

Answer

Tissue

Question 6

Which of the following is a characteristic that is NOT shared by all living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Inertness

Answer

Reproduction

Answer

Nutrition

Answer

Growth

Question 7

In plants, which pigment plays the primary role in absorbing light energy and initiating photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Chlorophyll a

Answer

Chlorophyll b

Answer

Carotenoids

Answer

Phycobilins

Question 8

Which of the following is a characteristic of non-living things?

Accepted Answer

Inorganic composition

Answer

Metabolism

Answer

Growth and development

Answer

Response to stimuli

Question 9

What is the primary role of ribosomes in human cells?

Accepted Answer

Protein synthesis

Answer

DNA storage

Answer

Cell division regulation

Answer

Material transportation

Question 10

Which of these processes involves active transport?

Accepted Answer

Active transport

Answer

Diffusion

Answer

Osmosis

Answer

Facilitated diffusion

Question 11

What is a key characteristic that distinguishes living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Maintain a stable internal environment

Answer

Composed of inorganic molecules

Answer

Unable to reproduce

Answer

Do not react to changes in their surroundings

Question 12

What is a universal characteristic of all living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Ability to reproduce

Answer

Presence of a nucleus

Answer

Ability to photosynthesize

Answer

Lack of organization

Question 13

Which of the following is a characteristic that does NOT apply to living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Composed of non-living materials

Answer

Ability to reproduce

Answer

Ability to respond to stimuli

Answer

Ability to maintain a stable internal environment (homeostasis)

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic that defines living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Non-reactivity to stimuli

Answer

Cellular organization

Answer

Reproduction

Answer

Ability to maintain homeostasis

Question 15

Which cell division process produces daughter cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell?

Accepted Answer

Mitosis

Answer

Meiosis

Answer

Binary fission

Answer

Budding

Question 16

What is the main role of the plasma membrane in a cell?

Accepted Answer

Controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell

Answer

Provides support to the cell

Answer

Stores genetic information

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a function of the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Storing the cell's genetic information

Answer

Regulating the movement of substances across the cell

Answer

Protecting the cell from its environment

Answer

Providing structural support to the cell

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a function of the Golgi apparatus in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Synthesizes lipids

Answer

Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins for secretion

Answer

Forms lysosomes from budding vesicles

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a stage of mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Anaphase II

Answer

Prophase

Answer

Metaphase

Answer

Telophase

Question 20

The fundamental unit of life is the:

Accepted Answer

Cell

Answer

Atom

Answer

Molecule

Answer

Tissue

Question 21

Which of the following organelles is responsible for synthesizing proteins?

Accepted Answer

Ribosomes

Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Golgi apparatus

Answer

Lysosomes

Question 22

The process of copying DNA into RNA is known as:

Accepted Answer

Transcription

Answer

Translation

Answer

Replication

Answer

Mutation

Question 23

The theory of evolution by natural selection is primarily associated with:

Accepted Answer

Charles Darwin

Answer

Gregor Mendel

Answer

James Watson

Answer

Francis Crick

Question 24

Which process allows plants to harness sunlight to create energy?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis

Answer

Cellular respiration

Answer

Glycolysis

Answer

Fermentation

Question 25

Identify the fundamental unit of living organisms.

Accepted Answer

Cell

Answer

Atom

Answer

Organism

Answer

Tissue

Question 26

Indicate the primary function of DNA.

Accepted Answer

Store genetic information

Answer

Synthesize proteins

Answer

Transport materials

Answer

Provide energy

Question 27

Attribute the theory of evolution by natural selection to its originator.

Accepted Answer

Charles Darwin

Answer

Gregor Mendel

Answer

Louis Pasteur

Answer

Marie Curie

Question 28

Identify the process that harnesses the sun's energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose.

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis

Answer

Cellular respiration

Answer

Fermentation

Answer

Glycolysis

Question 29

Credit the scientist who conducted groundbreaking work on pea plants and genetics.

Accepted Answer

Gregor Mendel

Answer

Charles Darwin

Answer

Nikola Tesla

Answer

Albert Einstein

Question 30

What is the primary function of ribosomes in cells?

Accepted Answer

Protein synthesis

Answer

Photosynthesis

Answer

Cellular respiration

Answer

Waste removal

Question 31

Which process drives the adaptation of organisms to their environments?

Accepted Answer

Natural selection

Answer

Mutation

Answer

Genetic drift

Answer

Gene flow

Question 32

What is the primary energy source for most living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Chemical energy

Answer

Light

Answer

Heat

Answer

Mechanical energy

Question 33

Which process enables plants to use sunlight to produce their own nourishment?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis

Answer

Chemosynthesis

Answer

Cellular respiration

Answer

Fermentation

Question 34

Which of the following is not considered a greenhouse gas?

Accepted Answer

Nitrogen

Answer

Carbon dioxide

Answer

Nitrous oxide

Answer

Water vapor

Question 35

Which of the following is the fundamental unit of all living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Cell

Answer

Atom

Answer

Tissue

Answer

Organ

Question 36

What is the process by which cells divide to form new cells?

Accepted Answer

Mitosis

Answer

Meiosis

Answer

Binary fission

Answer

Budding

Question 37

Which of the following is not a component of DNA?

Accepted Answer

Glucose

Answer

Adenine

Answer

Thymine

Answer

Cytosine

Question 38

What is the scientific theory that explains the evolution of species?

Accepted Answer

Natural selection

Answer

Artificial selection

Answer

Lamarckism

Answer

Punctuated equilibrium

Question 39

Which of the following is a non-renewable resource?

Accepted Answer

Fossil fuels

Answer

Solar energy

Answer

Water

Answer

Plants

Question 40

What is the process by which plants utilize sunlight to create food?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis

Answer

Respiration

Answer

Fermentation

Answer

Glycolysis

Question 41

What is the primary role of decomposers in an ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

Consuming dead organisms

Answer

Producing food

Answer

Providing oxygen

Answer

Fixing nitrogen

Question 42

Which characteristic does NOT accurately describe living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Composed entirely of non-organic materials

Answer

Ability to reproduce

Answer

Capacity to grow

Answer

Ability to move

Question 43

Which fundamental unit forms the basis of all living things?

Accepted Answer

Cell

Answer

Atom

Answer

Molecule

Answer

Tissue

Question 44

Within cells, which organelle is responsible for synthesizing proteins?

Accepted Answer

Ribosome

Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Chloroplast

Answer

Centriole

Question 45

What is the process by which cells divide to create new cells called?

Accepted Answer

Mitosis

Answer

Meiosis

Answer

Osmosis

Answer

Respiration

Question 46

Which scientist is widely recognized for developing the theory of evolution by natural selection?

Accepted Answer

Charles Darwin

Answer

Louis Pasteur

Answer

Gregor Mendel

Answer

Isaac Newton

Question 47

What natural process utilizes sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis

Answer

Cellular respiration

Answer

Fermentation

Answer

Glycolysis

Question 48

Which natural resource can be replenished and is therefore considered renewable?

Accepted Answer

Wind

Answer

Petroleum

Answer

Natural gas

Answer

Coal

Question 49

What term encompasses the variety of life forms on Earth?

Accepted Answer

Biodiversity

Answer

Ecosystem

Answer

Habitat

Answer

Species

Question 50

What is the primary function of vaccines within the human immune system?

Accepted Answer

To grant immunity to specific diseases

Answer

To eliminate disease-causing microorganisms directly

Answer

To prevent the spread of infection

Answer

To cure illnesses caused by bacteria and viruses

Question 51

What is the primary role of the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

To regulate the movement of substances to and from the cell

Answer

To store genetic information

Answer

To synthesize proteins

Answer

To convert sunlight into energy

Question 52

What is the name given to the substance carrying genetic information within cells?

Accepted Answer

DNA

Answer

RNA

Answer

Protein

Answer

Carbohydrate

Question 53

Which of the following terms best describes the process by which organisms adapt to their surrounding environment?

Accepted Answer

Natural selection

Answer

Mutation

Answer

Genetic drift

Answer

Gene flow

Question 54

What is the term used to describe the relationship between two organisms that exist in close association?

Accepted Answer

Symbiosis

Answer

Competition

Answer

Predation

Answer

Parasitism

Question 55

Which of the following gases is not classified as a greenhouse gas?

Accepted Answer

Nitrogen

Answer

Carbon dioxide

Answer

Methane

Answer

Water vapor

Question 56

Which of the following is considered an example of applied biology?

Accepted Answer

Developing innovative medical treatments

Answer

Investigating the evolution of species

Answer

Exploring the diversity of life on Earth

Answer

Understanding the role of genes in disease

Question 57

Which fundamental unit forms the basis of all living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Cell

Answer

Atom

Answer

Molecule

Answer

Organ

Question 58

Identify the process through which plants harness sunlight to create chemical energy.

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis

Answer

Respiration

Answer

Chemosynthesis

Answer

Glycolysis

Question 59

Who proposed the groundbreaking theory of evolution by natural selection?

Accepted Answer

Charles Darwin

Answer

Gregor Mendel

Answer

Louis Pasteur

Answer

Albert Einstein

Question 60

Which type of relationship involves mutual benefit between two species?

Accepted Answer

Mutualism

Answer

Predation

Answer

Competition

Answer

Parasitism

Question 61

Identify the technique used to separate DNA fragments based on their size.

Accepted Answer

Gel electrophoresis

Answer

Chromatography

Answer

Centrifugation

Answer

Filtration

Question 62

Which type of cell division results in the production of gametes?

Accepted Answer

Meiosis

Answer

Mitosis

Answer

Binary fission

Answer

Budding

Question 63

The basic unit of life is a:

Accepted Answer

Cell

Answer

Tissue

Answer

Organ

Answer

Organism

Question 64

The process by which cells divide is known as:

Accepted Answer

Mitosis

Answer

Meiosis

Answer

Karyokinesis

Answer

Cytokinesis